Expanding your business

 
94
 
 
CONCLUSION 
Good work! 
You’ve managed to help Mia with another challenge in her career, namely to expand her business 
and open a new salon which includes more services than Mia has ever offered to her clients before. 
You’ve helped her manage the salon, gave her valuable advice with clients who had complained and 
gave her tips on how to hold successful meetings with the manager of the hotel and new employees. 
Together you have managed to start from scratch and set up a successful beauty salon which has a 
clear idea about professional ethics and follows strict rules as recommended by the leading 
cosmetology associations. 
Lately the business has been really going very well and the manager of the hotel also noticed that. 
He even suggested Mia a strange, yet exciting new business opportunity. The hotel is renovating 
their spa centre and there is a chance that Mia will be in charge of it. If she does, she will surely 
need your help again, so maybe you two will soon meet again. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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95
 
 
APPENDIX 2 
GRAMMAR SECTION 
 
1. Passive
 
Formation of the PASSIVE VOICE
 
 
1. Passive of PRESENT SIMPLE:  am/is/are + 3
rd
 form of a verb
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary writes a letter.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter is written (by Mary).
 
2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS:  am/is/are + being + 3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary is writing a letter.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter is being written.
 
3. PAST SIMPLE:  was/were + 3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary wrote a letter.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter was written.
 
4. PAST CONTINUOUS:  was/were + being + 3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary was writing a letter.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter was being written.
 
5. PRESENT PERFECT:  has/have + been + 3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary has written a letter.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter has been written.
 
6. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS:  has/have+been+being+3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary has been writing a letter.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter has been being written.
 *rarely used
 
7. PAST PERFECT:  had + been + 3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary had written a letter.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter had been written.
 
8. WILL FUTURE:  will + be + 3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary will write a letter.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter will be written.
 
9. GOING TO FUTURE:  am/is/are going to + be + 3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary is going to write a letter.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter is going to be written.
 
 
10. Passive of MODAL VERBS:  modal verb + be + 3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary can write a letter.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter can be written.
 
 
11. Passive in conditionals:
 
TYPE 1:  will + be + 3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
If it rains tomorrow, they will cancel the concert.
 

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96
 
 
PASSIVE:
 
If it rains tomorrow, the concert will be cancelled.
 
TYPE 2:  would + be + 3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car.
 
PASSIVE:
 
If I won the lottery a new, car would be bought.
 
PASSIVE:
 
If the lottery was won, I would buy a new car. 
 
TYPE 3:  would have + been + 3
rd
 form
 
ACTIVE:
 
If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.
 
PASSIVE:
 
If I had studied harder, the exam would have been passed.
 
 
IMPORTANT !!!!
 
1. The subject influences the agreement with the auxiliary verb.
 
ACTIVE:
 
They are writing a letter.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter is being written.
 
2. Object may consist of more words.
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary is writing a letter to her grandmother to wish a happy birthday.
 
PASSIVE:
 
A letter to her grandmother… birthday is being written.
 
3. Two objects:
 
ACTIVE:
 
Mary will give you some advice.
 
PASSIVE:
 
You will be given some advice. / Some advice will be given to you.
 
 
 
2. Expressing futurity
 
TENSES USED FOR THE FUTURE
 
 
1. Will future:  will + Infinitive
 
A decision made at the moment of speaking.  [I will have some tea.]
 
Future prediction: I THINK, I SUPPOSE, I'M SURE… [I think the government will win the election.]
 
 
2. Going to future:  be + going to future + Infinitive
 
A decision for a future action which is made before the moment of speaking, a plan.
 
An action which is going to happen, because we have evidence now.
 
 
3. Present Simple:
 
Timetable [Bus leaves at 5 o’clock.]
 
Time clause [Before he comes, he will call.]
 
 
4. Present Continuous:
 
Future arrangements [We are having lunch at 2 p.m.]
 
 
 
 
 

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