Contrastive of Chinese and Indonesian – Karina Fefi Laksana et al. (p.247-257) 256
CONCLUSION
In terms of syntactic structure, there are three main forms of syntactic
structure of Mandarin passive sentences: "
主语
(subject) +
被
+
施
动
者
(object) +
动词
(verb)", "
主语
(subject) +
被
+
动词
( verb) ","
主语
(subject) +
动词
(verb) ".
The syntactic structure of Indonesian passive sentences are "subject + passive
verb", "subject + passive verb + (oleh) + object", and
if the subject in an active
sentence is first person pronoun or second person pronoun, when converted to
passive sentences, the format is "subject + person pronoun (object) + verb
(preposition "oleh" cannot be used)".
The equation between the syntax structure
of Chinese and Indonesian
passive is that active sentences in Chinese and Indonesian can be converted into
passive sentences. In addition, the objects (doer) in Chinese and Indonesian passive
sentences sometimes do not appear. Chinese and Indonesian passive sentences
without objects (doer) are generally because objects (doer) are unknown or don't
need to be spoken. The difference between the syntactic structure of Chinese and
Indonesian passive sentences in is that the syntactic structure
of Chinese passive
sentences which bring up an object (doer) is "subject +
被
+ object (doer) + verb",
whereas in Indonesian, the syntactic structure from passive sentences that bring up
the object (doer) are "subject + passive verbs + (oleh) + object (doer). In addition,
differences also exist in the form of verbs. the form of predicate verbs in Chinese
active sentences and passive sentence is same, there is no change. The form of
predicate verbs in Indonesian passive sentence and active sentence is different.
The difference between Chinese and Indonesian
passive sentences is that
Indonesian passive sentences can use a single verb, whereas the predicate verbs in
Chinese passive sentences may not be single verbs, but must be followed by other
syntactic components. In addition, the subject of Chinese unmarked passive
sentences is generally inanimate, and cannot perform an action, in this case there is
no difference between the syntactic structure of passive sentences and active
sentences in Chinese. In Indonesian unmarked passive sentences, objects (doer) in
passive sentences are first and second person pronouns. The syntactic structure of
the Indonesian active sentence is "subject + verb + object (doer)", while the
syntactic structure of the Indonesian unmarked passive sentence is "subject +
person pronoun (object object) + verb (without preposition "oleh").
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