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have their labor rights respected and enforced. And you are point-
ing at number five. I believe it is 13 paragraphs. Is that right? 
Mr. S
MITH
. Fourteen. 
Mr. L
EHMAN
. Fourteen paragraphs of rights in different areas. 
And the point is to say that in each of these areas, including work-
er safety, including guarantees that they will be paid, that their 
rights will be respected and enforced. Because sometimes, as you 
know, in many countries, including in China, there will be times 
when there are rights on paper that are not respected. 
Mr. S
MITH
. But it is precisely at the workplace where the one-
child-per-couple policy is implemented. So whether these be con-
tractors or whatever, that is the point of contact where they have 
their greatest means of compliance, and that is where the snitches 
come in, fellow workers, who are rewarded or penalized if they do 
not bring to the attention of the family planning cadres that so and 
so is pregnant without being given the ability—without getting the 
authorization from the government. 
Mr. L
EHMAN
. Yes, Chairman Smith, I understand that. We will 
get back to you. 
Mr. S
MITH
. So that would be both from the worker’s point of 
view, as well as from the student’s. 
Mr. L
EHMAN
. Exactly. 
Mr. S
MITH
. Mr. Sherman. 
Mr. S
HERMAN
. Thank you. 
I would point out that while fining a woman for having a child 
seems a deprivation of human rights, Mr. Lehman points out that 
in other cases China provides 4 months of paid leave. A woman 
seeking 4 months off in the United States faces a fine equal to 4 
months pay. 
Mr. S
MITH
. Not everywhere. Not in New Jersey. 
Mr. S
HERMAN
. Well, everywhere in the United States there is no 
paid maternity—there is paid maternity leave in New Jersey? 
Mr. S
MITH
. State government. 
Mr. S
HERMAN
. Oh, if you are an employee of the State govern-
ment. Okay. Well, the vast majority of my constituents are not em-
ployees of any government, and it is good to see that the State is 
generous to its own employees. It would be nice to see how we can 
work that out for all employees. 
Let’s see. Mr. Lehman, if one of your students is sitting in your 
library in Shanghai and they Google ‘‘Tiananmen Square 1989,’’ 
and they do it on Google.com, what do they see? Do they see what 
I see or do they see what everybody else in Shanghai sees? 
Mr. L
EHMAN
. They see what you see. 
Mr. S
HERMAN
. So you get around the Great Firewall of China? 
Mr. L
EHMAN
. We are part of NYU’s global network. 
Mr. S
HERMAN
. Gotcha. 
Mr. L
EHMAN
. And so in order for us——
Mr. S
HERMAN
. Let me move on. 
Ms. Lawrence, first, thank you so much for all the guidance you 
provide to my staff and myself. Second, how much money is China 
throwing into these Confucian Institutes here in the United States 
or otherwise in order to give free services, professorial and other-
wise, or cash to U.S. universities? Is this a big thing? 
Ms. L
AWRENCE
. I am afraid I don’t have a number. I could——
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83
Mr. S
HERMAN
. I mean, are there a dozen or several dozen profes-
sors fully paid by the Chinese Government here in the United 
States? 
Ms. L
AWRENCE
. My understanding is that usually the Hanban, 
which is the organization in China that manages Confucius Insti-
tutes, provides a certain amount of money per Confucius Institute 
to get it set up. And it can be up to, I think, about $500,000, some-
where between $100,000 and $500,000, but I think it depends on 
the university. Robert may have more information there actually. 
Mr. D
ALY
. Well, in addition to those arrangements, you are right, 
the Hanban has also started to propose endowed professorships to 
universities. The test case on this a few years ago——
Mr. S
HERMAN
. So this would be the chair in——
Mr. D
ALY
. Chair, faculty member. 
Mr. S
HERMAN
. Okay. These faculty would teach the nine-dash 
line is——
Mr. D
ALY
. No. The test case was in Stanford a few years ago. In 
fact, I testified in 2011 before Congressman Rohrabacher’s com-
mittee on this. And there was a fight at Stanford, there was con-
cern because the faculty got a say about the constraints that the 
Chinese side would put either on the specialty of the faculty mem-
ber or teaching. Stanford won that argument, and they took the 
money for the chair sans conditions, and it was all designed by 
Stanford University, and the money still came through——
Mr. S
HERMAN
. I know at least one major university has turned 
down the money or pulled out presumably because they didn’t get 
that. 
Mr. Lehman, you suggested that the Federal Government pay 
money to U.S. students at your university and elsewhere. All I can 
say is nice try. This would be basically a lottery ticket in the sense 
that there are 1 million American students that would want it, and 
five or ten would get it, and I am not going to cut cancer research 
in order to send you students. You are going to have to get those 
on your own. 
Let’s see. Ms. Lawrence, Chinese students studying here in the 
United States, are they studying STEM, science and technology, 
engineering, math, or are they studying business? Kind of give me 
a vague breakdown. Humanities versus business, business law 
versus——
Ms. L
AWRENCE
. Traditionally, the Chinese students coming to 
the United States in the early wave of students came to do grad-
uate study and often were studying STEM subjects, in part because 
they didn’t require such strong language abilities. If you were 
studying mathematics you didn’t have to have incredibly fluent——
Mr. S
HERMAN
. What do we see now? 
Ms. L
AWRENCE
. But now we are moving into an era where there 
are many Chinese students now starting to come over actually at 
the undergraduate level too. I was recently in Beijing and hearing 
that one of the best high schools in Beijing——
Mr. S
HERMAN
. But you may have heard the exchange with Mr. 
Rohrabacher. If they are here learning the technology that will 
strengthen China, that is one thing. If they are here learning 
American values, that is something else. Are they here reading the 
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