xiii
4.3.1.5. A h ! ......................................................................... 117
4.3.1.6. H (----)! ................................................................... 119
4.3.1.7. H h ! ....................................................................... 121
4.3.1.8. H h h ! .................................................................. 123
4.3.1.9. Hı
(m)! ....................................................................... 125
4.3.1.10. Hı
hı ! ...................................................................... 129
4.3.1.11. I hı
(m)! ................................................................... 131
4.3.1.12. Mm! ........................................................................ 135
4.3.2.
Interjections Signalling Misunderstanding ........................... 137
4.3.3.
Interjections Signalling Believing to understanding ............. 137
4.3.3.1. Aaa (----)!.................................................................. 137
4.3.4. Interjections Signalling
Guessing ......................................... 139
4.3.4.1. Eee! .......................................................................... 139
4.3.4.2. Aa (----)! ................................................................... 141
4.3.4.3. Imm! ......................................................................... 142
4.3.4.4. Mmm (----)! .............................................................. 144
4.3.5. Interjections Signalling
Partial understanding ..................... 147
4.3.6. Interjections Signalling
Non-understanding ......................... 147
4.3.6.1. Ee! ............................................................................ 147
5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION .......................................................... 150
5.0. Presentation ......................................................................................... 150
5.1. Summary of the Study ......................................................................... 150
5.2. Discussion of the Results .................................................................... 152
5.2.1. Turkish and Azerbaijani Interjections Signalling
(Non)Understanding ................................................................................ 153
5.2.1.1. Understanding .......................................................... 154
5.2.1.1. Misunderstanding ..................................................... 157
5.2.1.1. Guessing ................................................................... 161
5.2.1.1. Partial Understanding ............................................... 163
5.2.1.1. Non-Understanding .................................................. 163
5.3.1. Forms of Interjections ............................................................ 163
xiv
5.4.1. Use of Keywords .................................................................... 166
5.5.1. Pause ...................................................................................... 167
5.6.1. Asymmetrical Relation .......................................................... 168
5.7.1.
Use of Discourse Marker Şey ................................................. 168
5.3. Implications for Further Research in Foreign Language Teaching .... 170
5.4. Limitations of the Study ...................................................................... 172
REFERENCES ....................................................................................................... 174
APPENDICES
A. Transcription Conventions ......................................................................... 188
B. Language Background Questionnaire ........................................................ 189
C. Evaluation Criteria for Familiarity of Turkish Taboo Words .................... 198
D. Evaluation Criteria for Relevancy of Turkish Taboo Words ..................... 201
E. Evaluation Criteria for Familiarity of Azerbaijani Taboo Words .............. 204
F. Evaluation Criteria for Relevancy of Azerbaijani Taboo Words ............... 207
G. A Sample Transcription from the Data ...................................................... 210
F. Tez Fotokopi İzin Formu ........................................................................... 302