Uluslararası Geçmişten Günümüze Sinop’ta Türk-İslam Kültürü Sempozyumu / 5-7 Ekim 2018
25
Sinop Grave Stones of Ottoman Period
Abstract
The grave stones are regarded as historical documents due to the inscriptions or dates on them.
Besides these basic features, they also have artistic values. The tombstones that contributed to the
study of the period in which they were related, together with the practice of the masters who built
the tombs, the literary evaluation of the written texts, the design patterns and the historical data,
have become the common theme of many research fields. Apart from their origin, their geograp-
hical names, professions, arts and crafts, as well as the scholars, poets and heroes who perform
them, are also sources of information. Research on tombstones in our country is not enough, and
there are still many unexplored or unknown tombstones. The tombstone of each area, however,
reflects the traditional characteristic feature of its region and the region it is built in. In this sense,
the tombstones in the center of Sinop Island are very important in terms of illuminating Sinop
history. Although some of the tombs belonging to the Ottoman period located in the center of
Sinop province and their tombstones are known, many of them are not subject to any investigati-
ons, nor have any information about them. In this study, the tombstones in the center of Sinop
Island were compared with the tombstones found in the surrounding regions, taken together with
their artistic and cultural characteristics. In addition to the known tombstones, the research which
provides the opportunity to obtain the original data due to the fact that the first identified and
archived ones are brought to the surface of the day, is also the main objective of being an additi-
onal and new resource for the history of Sinop.
Keywords: Sinop, Grave stone, Ottoman, Inscription, Art.
International Symposium on Turkish-Islamic Culture in Sinop From Past to Present / 5-7 October 2018
26
I. İZZEDDİN KEYKAVUS’UN SİNOP’U FETHİ
VE FETHİN SELÇUKLU KİTABELERİNE YANSIMASI
Mahmut DEMİR
*
Öz
Karadeniz kıyısındaki en önemli liman kentlerinden biri olan Sinop, köklü bir maziye sahiptir.
Öneminden ötürü de tarihi boyunca Hellenler, Persler, Makedonyalılar, Romalılar ve Bizanslılar
gibi pek çok büyük gücün hâkimiyeti altına girmiştir. Bu nedenle şehir XIII. yüzyıl başlarında
Anadolu’nun en önemli siyasi gücü konumunda bulunan Türkiye Selçuklularının da hedefi haline
gelmiştir. Kardeşi ile taht mücadelesini kazanan I. İzzeddin Keykavus o sıralarda Türkiye Sel-
çuklularının elinden çıkmış bulunan Antalya’dan önce Sinop’u fethetmeyi kararlaştırmıştır. Bu
minval üzere Sinop’u fethetmek üzere girişimlere başlamış ve 1214 yılında şehrin fethini gerçek-
leştirmiştir. Fetih sonrasında adı geçen sultanın emriyle Sinop surlarına gerek Selçuklu gerekse
de Türk-İslam epigrafisinde oldukça önemli bir yeri olan kitabeler yerleştirilmiştir. Bu kitabeler
I. İzzeddin Keykavus’un iktidar erkinin somut yansıması olmalarının yanında şehrin kozmopolit
yapısının da anlaşılmasına yardımcı olacak vasıftadır. Sultanın Sinop’taki kitabe uygulamaları
daha sonra fethedilen Antalya şehrinde de görülmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında Sinop şehrinin
Türkiye Selçukluları tarafından fethinin ayrıntıları verilecek, ardından Sinop ve Antalya şehirle-
rinde I. İzzeddin Keykavus’a tarihlenen kitabeler mukayeseli olarak değerlendirilecektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Sinop, Selçuklular, I. İzzeddin Keykavus, Selçuklu kitabeleri, Antalya.
*
Doktora öğrencisi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi, mahmutdemir@akdeniz.edu.tr
Uluslararası Geçmişten Günümüze Sinop’ta Türk-İslam Kültürü Sempozyumu / 5-7 Ekim 2018
27
The Conquest of Sinope by Sultan Izzeddin Keykavus I
and its Reflection in Seljuk Inscriptions
Abstract
Sinope, one of the most important port cities on the Black Sea coast has a long history. Due to the
importance of the port-city, many great powers, Hellens, Persians, Macedonians, Romans and
Byzantines gained control over Sinop throughout the course of history. It is not surprising that the
city became the target, early in the 13
th
century of the Seljuks, at that time the most important
political force in Anatolia. Izzeddin Keykavus I, who won the fight for the throne, beating his
brother, decided to conquer Sinope before undertaking the conquest of Antalya, which had fallen
from Seljuk control at the time. The sultan was active in this objective and carried out the conquest
of the city in 1214. After the conquest, by decree of Sultan Izzeddin Keykavus I, several inscrip-
tion were placed in the restored walls of Sinope, which are of great importance for both Seljuk
and Turkish-Islamic epigraphy. These inscriptions aid us in understanding the cosmopolitan struc-
ture of the city, as well as providing us with the explicit reflection through these inscriptions of
Izzeddin Keykavus’s power. The inscriptional policy of the Sultan in Sinope can then be followed
in inscriptions set into the reconstructed city walls of Antalya a year later in 1216. In this study
details of the conquests by Sultan İzzeddin Keykavus I. of both cities are given, and the related
inscriptions from this period are analyzed and compared.
Keywords: Sinope, Seljuks, Izzeddin Keykavus I, Seljuk inscriptions, Antalya.
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