Opus projects User Instructions and Technical Guide



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User Instructions and Technical Guide 
 
OPUS Projects 
 
114 | 
P a g e  
 
NOAA | National Geodetic Survey 
 
23.  The geocentric coordinates in the specified reference frame (see note 5 and 21) for critical points on the 
antenna are then listed. The estimated adjustments for each coordinate, their 1 sigma formal uncertainty and 
the X-Y, X-Z and Y-Z correlation coefficients follow immediately. 
24.  Then the corresponding geographic north latitude, east and west longitude, and ellipsoidal height are given in 
a table followed by the estimated adjustments for each coordinate, their 1 sigma formal uncertainty and the 
N-E, N-U and E-U correlation coefficients. 
25.  Similar information is reported for each mark in the solution. 
 
 
⋮ 
  
 -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= 
          X              Y              Z      DESCRIPTION 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
    941988.6253  -5607369.3567   2880033.4843  NEW 0012 L1PC @ 2011.8154 
  
    941988.6121  -5607369.2776   2880033.4422  NEW 0012 ARP @ 2011.8154 
  
    941988.3171  -5607367.5214   2880032.5341  NEW 0012 MON @ 2011.8154 
         0.0005         0.0022         0.0011  NEW 0012 MON SIGMAS @ 2011.8154 
 
         0.0481        -0.0204        -0.0349  XYZ ADJ (M) FOR 0012 
         0.0005         0.0022         0.0011  XYZ ADJ SIGMAS (M) FOR 0012 
  -0.7618903373   0.7324828985  -0.9629222436  XY, XZ & YZ CORR FOR 0012 
  
 -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-= 
         LAT            LON            HGT     COMPUTED USING GRS-80 
                                               ELLIPSOID'S SEMI-MAJOR AXIS 
                                               AND FLATTENING 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 
  27  1  6.55844  279 32 10.12050    -15.9549  NEW 0012 L1PC (E) @ 2011.8154 
  27  1  6.55844   80 27 49.87951    -15.9549  NEW 0012 L1PC (W) @ 2011.8154 
  
  27  1  6.55840  279 32 10.12050    -16.0454  NEW 0012 ARP (E) @ 2011.8154 
  27  1  6.55840   80 27 49.87950    -16.0454  NEW 0012 ARP (W) @ 2011.8154 
  
  27  1  6.55840  279 32 10.12050    -18.0444  NEW 0012 MON (E) @ 2011.8154 
  27  1  6.55840   80 27 49.87950    -18.0444  NEW 0012 MON (W) @ 2011.8154 
         0.0003         0.0003         0.0025  NEW 0012 MON SIGMAS @ 2011.8151 
  
  27  1  6.55840  279 32 10.12050    -18.0444  ALT 0012 MON (E) @ 2011.8151 
  27  1  6.55840   80 27 49.87950    -18.0444  ALT 0012 MON (W) @ 2011.8151 
         0.0003         0.0003         0.0025  ALT 0012 MON SIGMAS @ 2011.8151 
  
        -0.0438         0.0440         0.0092  NEU ADJ (M) FOR 0012  
         0.0003         0.0003         0.0025  NEU ADJ SIGMAS (M) FOR 0012 
  -0.1033981199  -0.0625495332   0.0819394678  NE, NU & EU CORR FOR 0012 
 
 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 
 STATION NAME: 0014       1 
 SITE INFO: "user.bin" 
 PHASE CENTER OFFSETS: "/home/OPUS/files/ngs08.atx" 
 RECEIVER:                              F/W=UNKNOWN        S/N=UNKNOWN          
 ANTENNA: ASH701945E_M    NONE                             S/N=-----            
 MONUMENT: ---------        
 PLATE: UNKNOWN           
⋮ 
 23 
 24 
 25 

OPUS Projects 
 
User Instructions and Technical Guide 
 
NOAA | National Geodetic Survey 
 
 
P a g e
 | 115 
 
26.  At the bottom of the file is a table listing the adjusted baseline (monument to monument) components and 
lengths. 
 
 
 
 
⋮ 
  
  ============================================================================== 
 ADJUSTED BASELINE COMPONENTS 
 (MONUMENT TO MONUMENT; METERS; VALUES FOR 2011.8154) 
 NUMBER OF BASELINES:  2 
 
  ST 1 TO ST 2      DELTA X         DELTA Y         DELTA Z         LENGTH 
  --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
  0012 TO 0014     -1971.9887        634.3710       1869.2671       2790.2196 
  fmyr TO 0014    132316.3582      43128.1504      44146.0270     146001.8072 
   
  NORMAL TERMINATION
 
 26 

User Instructions and Technical Guide 
 
OPUS Projects 
 
116 | 
P a g e  
 
NOAA | National Geodetic Survey 
 
References 
Presentations, papers, and books 
 
1. Xu, G., GPS: Theory, Algorithms and Applications Solutions, 2003, 2007, Springer 
 
2. B. Delaunay: Sur la sphère vide, Izvestia Akademii Nauk SSSR, Otdelenie Matematicheskikh i 
Estestvennykh Nauk, 7:793–800, 1934 
Federal and academic documents 
3. Henning, W., NGS, 2008, NGS User Guidelines for Single Base Real Time GNSS Positioning, Draft 
National Geodetic Survey,  
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/PUBS_LIB/NGSRealTimeUserGuidelines.v3.1.1.pdf
 
 
4. National Geodetic Survey, 2008, “The National Geodetic Survey 10 year plan, Mission, Vision and 
Strategy 2008-2018”, 
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/INFO/NGS10yearplan.pdf 
  
 
5. Henning, W., NGS, March 2011 v. 2.0, NGS Guidelines for Real Time GNSS Networks, 
http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/PUBS_LIB/NGS.RTN.Public.v2.0.pdf
 
 
6. Schenewerk, M., NGS, April 2010, OPUS-Projects vs. OPUS-S 
 
7. ODOT – GPS Network, 2011, 
http://www.theorgn.net/services.html
 
 
8. Leveson, I., January 2009, Socio-Economic Benefits Study: Scoping the Value of CORS and GRAV-D, 
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/PUBS_LIB/Socio-EconomicBenefitsofCORSandGRAV-D.pdf
 
 
9. Dillinger, W. H., 1978. Helmert block higher level system. "Proceedings of the Second International 
Symposium on Problems Related to the Redefinition of North American Geodetic Networks, Arlington, 
Va. April 24-28," 417-426.  
 
10. George, A., 1973. Nested dissection of a regular finite element mesh, SIAM J. Numer. Anal., 10, 345-
363.  
 
11. Helmert, F. R., 1880. Die mathematischen und physikalischen Theorien der hoheren Geodasie. 1. 
Teil. Leipzig, 631 pp.  
 
12. Wolf, H., 1978. The Helmert block method, its origin and development. "Proceedings of the Second 
International Symposium on Problems Related to the Redefinition of North American Geodetic 
Networks, Arlington, Va. April 24-28," 319-326.  
 
13. Hilla, S. A., and Milbert, D. G., 1989. Algorithms for Computing Covariance Matrices for GPS Double 
Difference Observables, Internal memorandum, National Geodetic Survey, NOAA, Silver Spring, Md. 
USA.  
 
14. Zilkoski, D., D'Onofrio, J., Frakes, S., 1997 NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NGS-58 [
PDF
] 
Guidelines for Establishing GPS-derived Ellipsoidal Heights (Standards: 2 cm and 5 cm)  
 
15. Zilkoski, D., Carlson, E., Smith, C., 2008, NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NGS-59 [
PDF
] 
Guidelines for Establishing GPS-derived Orthometric Heights (Standards: 2 cm and 5 cm). 

OPUS Projects 
 
User Instructions and Technical Guide 
 
NOAA | National Geodetic Survey 
 
 
P a g e
 | 117 
 
 
General website references 
Control station datasheets: 
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/datasheets/
 
The Geodetic Tool Kit: 
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/TOOLS/
 
Online Positioning User Service (OPUS): 
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/OPUS/
 
Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS): 
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/CORS/
 
Height Modernization: 
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/heightmod/Definition.shtml
 
NGS Aeronautical Survey Program: 
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/AERO/aerospecs.htm
 
GEOID Information: 
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/GEOID/
 
NGS Geodetic Advisors: 
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/ADVISORS/
 
POSC Specifications – Hotline Oblique Mercator: 
http://posc.org/Epicentre.2/DataModel/ 
ExamplesofUsage/eu _cs34i.html
 
Radius at a given geodetic latitude: 
https://visualization.hpc.mil/wiki/Radius_of_the_Earth
 
Vincenty Formula: 
http://www.movable-type.co.uk/scripts/latlong-vincenty.html
 
Helmert Transformations: 
http://earth-info.nga.mil/GandG/coordsys/datums/helmert.html
 
PAGES: 
http://geodesy.noaa.gov/GRD/GPS/DOC/pages/pages.html
  
Atmospheric Effects: 
http://www.csr.utexas.edu/texas_pwv/midterm/gabor/gps.html
 
 
 
 
 

User Instructions and Technical Guide 
 
OPUS Projects 
 
118 | 
P a g e  
 
NOAA | National Geodetic Survey 
 
 
 
 
 

Document Outline

  • Abstract
  • Living Document
  • Document Design
  • Contact Information for Revision to Document
  • Document History
  • Draft v2.20 Review  Mark S. Schenewerk, Ph.D. - NOAA/NGS Mark L. Armstrong, PLS, WRE - NOAA/NGS  Dru A. Smith, Ph.D. - NOAA/NGS
  • Draft v2.3 NGS Clearance Process Mark S. Schenewerk, Ph.D. - NOAA/NGS Mark L. Armstrong, PLS, WRE - NOAA/NGS  Dru A. Smith, Ph.D. - NOAA/NGS
  • Release v2.4 Operational Version Mark S. Schenewerk, Ph.D. - NOAA/NGS Mark L. Armstrong, PLS, WRE - NOAA/NGS  Dru A. Smith, Ph.D. - NOAA/NGS
  • Release v2.5,  2015 Edition Mark L. Armstrong, PLS, WRE - NOAA/NGS
  • Understanding NGS key terminology used in this manual
  • 1.3.4.1 Adding additional marks to the project 27
  • 1.3.4.2 Adding additional CORS to the project 27
  • 1.3.5 Controls 28
  • 1.3.5.1 Help, Back and Refresh 28
  • 1.3.5.2 Preferences 29
  • 1.3.5.2.1 Project Title, ID and Keywords 30
  • 1.3.5.2.2 Manager Emails 30
  • 1.3.5.2.3 Data and Solution Quality Thresholds  30
  • 1.3.5.2.4 Session Definition 31
  • 1.3.5.2.4.1  Output Refererence Frame……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33
  • 1.3.5.2.4.2  Output Geoid Model………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 33
  • 1.3.5.2.4.3  GNSS………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 33
  • 1.3.5.2.4.4  Tropo Model…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………... 33
  • 1.3.5.2.4.5  Tropo Interval(s)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 34
  • 1.3.5.2.4.6  Elevation Cutoff (deg)………………………………………………………………………………………........................ 34
  • 1.3.5.2.4.7  Constraint Weights…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 35
  • 1.3.5.2.4.8  Session Network Baseline Design……………………………………………………………………………………………  36
  • 1.3.5.2.6 Project Mark Co-location Definition 39
  • 1.3.5.2.7 Saving Project Preferences 40
  • 1.3.5.3  Project List 40
  • 1.3.5.4  Design 40
  • 1.3.5.5  Serfil 40
  • 1.3.5.6  Solutions button 40
  • 1.3.5.7 Show File 41
  • 1.3.5.8 Send Email 42
  • 1.3.5.9 Setup Adjustment (Preferences menu) 43
  • 1.3.5.10 Review and Share 45
  • 1.3.5.11 Delete Project 46
  • 1.3.6 Sessions & Solutions 47
  • 1.4 The Session Web Page 49
  • 1.4.1 Notices 49
  • 1.4.2 Session Map 50
  • 1.4.3 Project mark and CORS lists 51
  • 1.4.3.1 Adding additional marks to the project. 51
  • 1.3.4.2 Adding additional CORS to the session. 52
  • 1.4.4 Controls 52
  • 1.4.4.1 Help, Back and Refresh 53
  • 1.4.4.2 Manager’s Page 53
  • 1.4.4.3 Show File 53
  • 1.4.4.4 Send Email 54
  • 1.4.4.5 Setup Processing 55
  • 1.4.5 Solution Quality Indicators 58
  • 1.4.6 Data Availability 58
  • 1.5 Individual Project Mark Web Pages 58
  • 1.5.1 Notices 59
  • 1.5.2 Map of the Project Mark Area 59
  • 1.5.2.1 Standard Datasheet Pop-up Window 60
  • 1.5.2.2 Project Manager’s Datasheet Pop-up Window 60
  • 1.5.3 Controls 61
  • 1.5.3.1.1 Help, Back and Refresh 61
  • 1.5.3.1.2 Show File 61
  • 1.5.3.1.3 Send Email 62
  • 1.5.3.2.1 Manager’s Page 64
  • 1.5.3.2.2 Change Project Mark ID 64
  • 1.5.3.2.3 Remove Project Mark 64
  • 1.5.3.2.4 Verify For Submission and Sharing of Results to NGS 65
  • 1.5.4 Shared Mark Web Page Mock-up 65
  • 1.5.4.1 Standard Shared Mark Web Page Mock-up Information 65
  • 1.5.4.2 Project Manager Mark Sheet for Sharing (Mock-up) 66
  • 1.5.4.2.1 Upload A Photo 67
  • 1.5.4.2.2 Save Description 67
  • 1.5.5 Occupations 67
  • 1.5.5.1 Standard Occupations 67
  • 1.5.5.2 Project Manager’s Occupations 68
  • 1.5.5.2.2       Save Occupations 69
  • 1.5.6 Processing Results 69
  • 1.5.6.1 Standard Processing Results 70
  • 1.5.6.2 Project Manager’s Processing Results 71
  • 1.5.6.2.1 Manage Coordinates 71
  • 1.5.7 Processing Results Plots 72
  • 1.5.8 Processing Results Tables 73
  • 2.1 Session and Network Solution Report Summaries 75
  • 2.2 Project Mark Web Pages 78
  • 3.4.1 Basic Hub Site Single Session Strategy 84
  • 3.4.2 Basic Hub Site Strategy 84
  • 3.5.1 Height Modernization Surveys 89
  • 3.5.2 FAA Airport Surveys 90
  • 3.5.3 Real-time Network Positioning 90
  • 3.8.1 Helmert Blocking 95
    • Noted changes to the program OPUS Projects
    • History and Development of OPUS Projects
    • 1.0 Creating a project
    • 1.0.1 Project Keywords
    • 1.1 Before Any Data Are Uploaded
    • 1.2 Uploading Data to a Project
    • 1.3 The Project Manager's Web Page
    • 1.3.1 Notices
    • 1.3.2 Results Selection Menu
    • 1.3.3 Project Map     Figure 1.7 - Types of Solution Results Available
    • 1.3.4.1 Adding additional marks to the project
    • 1.3.4.2 Adding additional CORS to the project
    • 1.3.5 Controls
    • 1.3.5.1 Help, Back and Refresh
    • 1.3.5.2 Preferences
    • 1.3.5.2.1 Project Title, ID and Keywords
    • 1.3.5.2.2 Manager Emails
    • 1.3.5.2.3 Data and Solution Quality Thresholds
    • /Figure 1.201 - Data processing  defaults
    • 1.3.5.2.4.1 Output Reference Frame
    • 1.3.5.2.4.2 Output Geoid Model
    • 1.3.5.2.4.3 GNSS
    • 1.3.5.2.4.4 Tropo Model
    • 1.3.5.2.4.6  Elevation Cutoff (deg)
    • 1.3.5.2.4.7 Constraint Weights
    • 1.3.5.2.4.8 Session Network Baseline Design
    • 1.3.5.2.6 Project Mark Co-location Definition
    • 1.3.5.2.7 Saving Project Preferences
    • 1.3.5.3  Project List
    • 1.3.5.4  Design
    • 1.3.5.5  Serfil
    • 1.3.5.6  Solutions button
    • 1.3.5.7 Show File
    • 1.3.5.8 Send Email
    • /
    • 1.3.5.9 Setup Adjustment (Preferences menu)
    • 1.3.5.10 Review and Share
    • 1.3.5.11 Delete Project
    • 1.3.6 Sessions & Solutions
    • 1.4 The Session Web Page
    • 1.4.1 Notices
    • 1.4.2 Session Map
    • 1.4.3 Project mark and CORS lists
    • 1.4.3.1 Adding additional marks to the project
    • 1.4.3.2 Adding additional CORS to the session
    • 1.4.4 Controls
    • 1.4.4.1 Help, Back and Refresh
    • 1.4.4.2 Manager’s Page
    • 1.4.4.3 Show File
    • 1.4.4.4 Send Email
    • 1.4.4.5 Setup Processing
    • 1.4.4.5.1 Output Reference Frame
    • 1.4.4.5.2 Output Geoid Model
    • 1.4.4.5.3 GNSS
    • 1.4.4.5.4 Tropo Model
    • 1.4.4.5.5  Tropo Interval(s)
    • 1.4.4.5.6  Elevation Cutoff (deg)
    • 1.4.4.5.7 Constraint Weights
    • 1.4.4.5.8 Session Network Baseline Design
    • 1.4.5 Solution Quality Indicators
    • 1.4.6 Data Availability
    • 1.5 Individual Project Mark Web Pages
    • 1.5.1 Notices
    • 1.5.2 Map of the Project Mark Area
    • 1.5.2.1 Standard Datasheet Pop-up Window
    • 1.5.2.2 Project Manager’s Datasheet Pop-up Window
    • /
    • 1.5.3 Controls
    • 1.5.3.1 Standard Controls
    • 1.5.3.1.1 Help, Back and Refresh
    • 1.5.3.1.2 Show File
    • 1.5.3.1.3 Send Email
    • 1.5.3.2.1 Manager’s Page
    • 1.5.3.2.2 Change Project Mark ID
    • 1.5.3.2.3 Remove Project Mark
    • 1.5.3.2.4 Verify For Submission and Sharing of Results to NGS
    • 1.5.4 Shared Mark Web Page Mock-up
    • 1.5.4.1 Standard Shared Mark Web Page Mock-up Information
    • 1.5.4.2 Project Manager Mark Sheet for Sharing (Mock-up)
    • 1.5.4.2.1 Upload A Photo
    • 1.5.4.2.2 Save Description
    • 1.5.5 Occupations
    • 1.5.5.1 Standard Occupations
    • 1.5.5.2 Project Manager’s Occupations
    • 1.5.5.2.1 Manage Data Files
    • 1.5.5.2.2 Save Occupations
    • 1.5.6 Processing Results
    • 1.5.6.1 Standard Processing Results
    • 1.5.6.2 Project Manager’s Processing Results
    • 1.5.6.2.1 Manage Coordinates
    • 1.5.7 Processing Results Plots
    • 1.5.8 Processing Results Tables
    • The table displays the OPUS-S session processing and network adjustment results, if they are available and toggled on for display.  The results are relative to the zero point coordinates (at the epoch of the zero point coordinates), and include the re...
    • 2.0 Preparation
    • 2.1 Session and Network Solution Report Summaries
    • 2.1.1 Other Solution Reports
    • 2.2 Project Mark Web Pages
    • /
    • Section 3 provides some general guidance and help with making the best decisions while planning a GNSS survey and using OP.  This is not meant to be a "survey planning" guide, but only to provide some key steps in obtaining good survey data in prepara...
    • 3.0  Network and Session Design Considerations
    • Network Design
    • Troposphere Modeling
    • 3.1 IGS Stations
    • 3.2 Verify Correct Antenna Model
    • 3.3 Observation Data Spans
    • /Figure 3.2 - Observation data span overlap between "hubs" and "marks"
    • 3.4 ‘User’ Network Baseline Design Strategy
    • 3.4.1 Basic Hub Site Single Session Strategy
    • 3.4.2 Basic Hub Site Strategy
    • //   3.5 The Normal Adjustment Sequence
    • /Final coordinates from steps 1-4 above
      • 3. 5.0.1  Considering Constraint Weighting in Network Adjustments
      • 3.5.1 Height Modernization Surveys
      • OP may support height modernization surveys and is suited for processing GNSS observations based on a survey plan that follows the NOS NGS-58 and 59 guidelines although those guidelines are currently being updated.   The current version of PAGES is th...
      • The goals of the National Height Modernization Program (NHMP) are to provide access to accurate, reliable heights nationally; to develop standards that are consistent across the nation; to provide data, technology, and tools that yield consistent resu...
      • OP has been developed for and is suited for processing those 2+ hour GNSS observations based on a survey plan that follows the NOS NGS-58 and 59 guidelines.  OP supports the blue-booking process for GNSS height modernization surveys by producing a b-f...
      • 3.5.2 FAA Airport Surveys
      • OP has been developed with FAA airport survey control in mind and is suited for processing GNSS observations based on a survey plan that follows the series of guidelines for surveys found on the NGS web site: http://geodesy.noaa.gov/AERO/aerospecs.htm
      • 3.5.3 Real-time Network Positioning
      • 3.6 What's Under the Hood - Processing Baselines with PAGES
      • 3.7 Adjusting Networks with GPSCOM
      • 3.8 Making Combined Adjustments
      • 3.8.1 Helmert Blocking
      • FAQ – Troubleshooting Help
      • B.1 Print reports displayed by the project web pages
      • B.1.1 Printing with Google Chrome™ With Google Chrome™, there is an extension to enable printing a text box frame, i.e. the report text, to a local printer (Figure B.1), but this has not been tested.  Without this extension to the browser, the remain...
      • B.1.2 Printing with Microsoft Internet Explorer®
      • B.1.3 Printing with Mozilla® based browsers such as Firefox®
      • Presentations, papers, and books
      • Federal and academic documents
      • General website references
  • Constrain one CORS (2D) LL only for alignment
  • Step 4.   Fully constrained orthometric height (vertical) adjustment   Constrain one CORS (2D) LL only for alignment
  • *This is normally a trial and error process and you may want to not constrain all of the NAVD 88 heights on every bench mark but only select those that seem to provide the best solution.  Ask yourself these questions.  Which bench marks seem to be the...

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