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Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan,
Vol. 6, No. 1 (2017)
bermuatan positif akan berikatan dengan
membrane bermuatan negative, sehingga
menghasilkan deposisi berupa gel/layer cake
yang berada diatas permukaan membrane.
Sedangkan PAH tidak bermuatan dan
memiliki berat molar dari PAH lebih kecil
dari MWCO
membrane NF270, sehingga fenomena
fouling yang terjadi adalah pore blocking.
Berdasarkan persentase rejeksi dari umpan
diperkuat dengan bukti hasil uji FTIR dan
SEM, perilaku fouling yang disebabkan oleh
cesium, stronsium, dan/atau PAH pada
berbagai kondisi pH yang berbeda dapat
diilustrasikan pada Gambar 12
Gambar 12 Ilustrasi Fenomena Fouling
oleh Cesium, Stronsium, dan/atau PAH
dalam Permukaan Membran
4. Kesimpulan
1. Terdapat pengaruh tekanan operasi pada
filtrasi unsur stronsium, cesium, dan/atau
PAH. Semakin tinggi tekanan operasi maka
semakin tinggi pula fluks yang dihasilkan.
Sedangkan naik turunnya nilai fluks selama
variasi tekanan operasi disebabkan adanya
perubahan
suhu,
karena
semakin
meningkatnya suhu akan meningkatkan nilai
fluks.
2. Terdapat pengaruh pH pada fluks dan
rejeksi unsur cesium, stronsium, dan/atau
PAH. Hasil filtrasi umpan tunggal cesium
optimum pada kondisi pH asam basa,
maupun netral dan menghasilkan rejeksi
sebesar 100%. Filtrasi umpan tunggal
stronsium pada pH 4 dihasilkan rejeksi
sebesar 63,2%, sedangkan pada pH 7 dan
pH 9 dihasilkan rejeksi sebesar 100%. Hal
yang menyebabkan hasil filtrasi umpan
stronsium minim yaitu adanya residu asam
nitrat pada pengaturan pH sehingga
mempengaruhi pori membrane. Sedangkan
pada umpan tunggal PAH dihasilkan rejeksi
sebesar 35,52% (pH 4); 16,62% (pH 7); dan
28,53% (pH 9). Begitu pula dengan filtrasi
umpan campuran, unsur cesium tersisihkan
sempurna pada kondisi pH asam, basa,
maupun netral. Sedangkan unsur stronsium
pada umpan campuran pH 4 menghasilkan
rejeksi lebih besar dari umpan tunggal
stronsium yaitu sebesar 84,8%. Untuk
senyawa PAH pada umpan campuran
menghasilkan rejeksi optimum pada pH 7
yaitu sebesar 75,43%. Hal ini disebabkan
terbentuknya senyawa organometalik antara
cesium, stronsium, dan PAH.
3.
Karakterisasi
SEM
dan
FTIR
membuktikan terdapat peristiwa fouling
yang disebabkan deposit dari cesium,
stronsium, dan PAH pada permukaan
membrane umpan campuran.
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