Ebbinghaus said this because psychology’s questions go back to the ancients

At 3 months, isolated dogs were more frightened of everything, but habituated quickly to isolation.

Pavlov was initially hostile to the Bolsheviks who took power in 1917 because they took his Nobel Prize award money.

• Pavlov was initially hostile to the Bolsheviks who took power in 1917 because they took his Nobel Prize award money.

• Lenin approved of his research and gave the Pavlovs special treatment & supported his research.

• During famine Pavlov rejected the rations because they did not include his lab and dogs, growing a garden.

• Pavlov visited the US twice, including Yerkes primate lab at Yale. Later Pavlov changed his views and supported the govt, especially against Germany.

Beyond his conditioning experiments, Pavlov did a wide range of comparative studies, including studies of problem solving using chimpanzees.

• Beyond his conditioning experiments, Pavlov did a wide range of comparative studies, including studies of problem solving using chimpanzees.

• He visited Kohler but rejected his idea of insight learning; more sympathetic to Thorndike’s trial & error.
• He believed his chimps gained “practical experience” while roaming freely later applied to problem solving.

• He was devoted to science, punctual to a fault, a severe taskmaster, shouting insults at his workers.

• “Happiness is nothing – the dogs mean all.” he said.

The phenomenon of conditioning was known before Pavlov studied it systematically:

• The phenomenon of conditioning was known before Pavlov studied it systematically:

• Bousfeld describes Lope de Vega’s play “The Chaplain of the Virgin” in which a young monk conditions cats to leave him alone while eating using a cough as a CS.
• Several people in the 1800s noted that thinking about food is enough to produce saliva without food present.

• Twitmyer (under Witmer, 1902) used a bell paired with a knee-jerk reflex in humans – his findings went unnoticed and he didn’t pursue it (Pavlov was first).

Watson is most closely associated with the term Behaviorism – he caused a revolution in psychology.

• Watson is most closely associated with the term Behaviorism – he caused a revolution in psychology.

• His goal was to replace concerns about the structure and functions of consciousness with the study of behavior.

• Behaviorism involves observation, prediction and control of behavior in humans and animals.

• Pavlov’s research was a foundation for Watson’s Behaviorist approach.

Watson’s father was a violent man of unsavory and notorious reputation, his mother was pious and strict.

• Watson’s father was a violent man of unsavory and notorious reputation, his mother was pious and strict.

• He was a poor student initially, constantly in trouble.
• He begged admission to Furman College with the intention of studying for the Baptist ministry.
• He falsely downgraded himself in his autobiography.

• Professor Gordon B. Moore, on sabbatical from Univ of Chicago, introduced him to works by Wundt, Titchener, James and the Chicago functionalists.

• He taught for a year then applied to grad school there.

Watson was most inspired by Angell and Donaldson, working in the animal lab under their guidance to train rats in labyrinths (mazes).

• Watson was most inspired by Angell and Donaldson, working in the animal lab under their guidance to train rats in labyrinths (mazes).

• He studied tropisms (unlearned orienting responses) with Jacques Loeb, later important as UCS’s.

• In 1902 he had a serious psychological breakdown, overwhelmed with depression & anxiety.

• He recovered and completed his dissertation at age 25, then was offered a job at Univ of Chicago teaching a class in Titchener’s experimental methods

Watson’s work with animals undermined the structuralist approach because they could not talk to describe their introspections – they only behaved.

• Watson’s work with animals undermined the structuralist approach because they could not talk to describe their introspections – they only behaved.

• He decided he could learn everything the structuralists could just by observing behavior.
• Angell was not encouraging of this approach.

• Watson designed his own apparatus, originally using the “Hampton Court” maze designed by Willard S. Small, testing vision and smell cues.

• Kinesthetic or muscle sensations mattered most.

Vivisection is defined as the act of operating on living animals (especially in scientific research).

• Vivisection is defined as the act of operating on living animals (especially in scientific research).

• Antivivisectionists were the 1906 equivalent of PETA.

• Because Watson did things like gradually depriving rats of their senses, he was branded a torturer.

• Angell defended Watson, pointing out that the expts were done under asepsis and with anesthesia, that the rats had recovered and were subsequently happy.

• Opposition to animal research continues today.