Current research journal of philological

CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL 
SCIENCES ISSN – 2767-3758 
209 
https://masterjournals.com/index.php/crjps 
metaphorization as a kind of cognitive process of 
comprehending reality. The founders of the theory 
of conceptual metaphor are J. Lakoff and M. 
Johnson, the fundamental work "Metaphors We 
Live By" (1980, translated into Russian - 1987) 
became the basis for most researchers of the 
phenomenon of metaphor. According to the concept 
of J. Lakoff and M. Johnson, “... a metaphor 
permeates our entire daily life and manifests itself 
not only in language, but also in thinking and action. 
Our everyday conceptual system, within the 
framework of which we think and act, is 
metaphorical in its essence ”[7, p. 387-416]. The 
merit of J. Lakoff and M. Johnson is to substantiate 
the fact that the metaphor is not limited to the 
sphere of language, but also extends to the sphere 
of thinking. "The processes of human thinking are 
largely metaphorical ... Metaphors as linguistic 
expressions become possible precisely because 
there are metaphors in the conceptual system of a 
person." 
In the works of famous linguists, linguistic 
expression (verbalization of a new type of 
narration) is indirect and secondary to the 
metaphorical nature of human thinking. According 
to J. Lakoff and M. Johnson, “The possibility of a 
linguistic unit to have any meaning, the vesting of 
meaning in a text occurs not by the fact of 
attributing meaning to it in the language system, 
not by direct or indirect connection with the 
outside world, but by virtue of the fact that they can 
and should be considered in relation to the 
experience of both the individual and the linguistic 
community, with all the acts inherent in the 
personalization of meaning. The construction of a 
new meaning does not take place from scratch, but 
on the basis of that experience of noematic 
reflection, which he already has, and with the 
involvement of phenomenological reflection " 
Phraseologism appears in the language not for 
naming objects, signs, actions, but for their 
figurative 
- 
emotional 
characteristics. 
Phraseologisms appear as a result of metaphorical 
transfer, rethinking of the meanings of free phrases 
[8, p. 159]. In every language, this metaphor is born 
on the basis of the peculiarities of the thinking of 
the speakers, which is associated with the 
ethnocultural and historical characteristics of the 
country.
The hypothesis about the existence of a relationship 
between the understanding of foreign language 
metaphors and the presence in the recipient 
language of expressions that are raised to similar 
cognitive structures can be illustrated with the 
following examples: the English collocation To sit 
on the phone is similar in meaning to the 
expression “sitting on the phone” and “telephonga 
yepibib olish ". 
The Russian idiom “pull the devil by the tail” 
correlates with the English expression pull the devil 
by the tail and the Uzbek idiom “ўlgan ilonning 
boshin қўzғash”. 
Phrasema to tread on air letters. Walking through 
the air is identical in meaning to the Russian 
phraseme “to be in seventh heaven” and the Uzbek 
idiom “boshi osmonga etdi”. 
The meaning of the idiom “spinning like a squirrel 
in a wheel” can be conveyed by the English 
collocation “to be busy as a bee” (lit. to be busy as a 
bee) and the Uzbek idiom “tinib-tinchimaslik”. 
Phraseological units may contain a verbal 
destructive 
component. 
The 
concept 
of 
“destruction” is contained in the Russian idiom “to 
break your head”, in the English collocation “to 
cudgel one’s brains over smth. (literally, beat your 
brains with a stick) and the Uzbek phraseme “boshi 
ғovlab catdi”. 

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CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2(12):
206-211, December 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37547/philological-crjps-02-12-39 
ISSN 2767-3758 
©2021 Master Journals 
Accepted24
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December, 2021 & Published 29
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December, 2021