Azərbaycan Respublikasında gömrük sisteminin inkişafı (1991-2014)
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Guliyev Rofat Ali oglu
THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN IN INTERNATIONAL
CUSTOMS RELATIONS: THE PROTECTION OF MATERIAL
AND CULTURAL WEALTH
At all times, customs implemented control over the imported goods
and through the export tariffs carried out an important function in the regu-
lation of production. And in the XXI century, in the context of globalization,
interstate customs relations are becoming increasingly important. In
this sense, the crossroads of smuggling of goods, especially of material and
cultural wealth is an important task of national customs authorities.
Во все времена, таможня осуществил контроль над привозом
товаров и с помощью импортно-экспортных тарифов и выполнила
важную функцию в регулировании производства. А в XXI веке, в
условиях глобализации таможенные отношения между государствами
приобретает все более значимость. В этом смысле, пересечение
путей нелегального провоза товаров, особенно материальных и
культурных ценностей, является важной задачей национальных
таможенных органов.
Keywords: customs service; international cooperation; smuggling;
customs museums; World Customs Organization
Ключевые слова: таможенная служба; международное сотруд-
ничество; контрабанда; таможенные музеи; Всемирная Таможенная
Организация.
After gained independence in 1991, Azerbaijan Republic began
to build its economy in conformation to the market economy. The coun-
try declined state monopoly in foreign trade and chose the path of liberaliza-
tion of import -export operations. The country's national interests, protection
of the economic security were one of the most important terms. To do this,
Azerbaijan had to have the strong customs service (Geydarov & Ibragimov,
1999, p. 3). Advanced Studies in Science: Theory and Practice. The cus-
toms relations of Azerbaijan with the neighboring countries have been de-
veloped according to the economic and political requirements of society. As
in the past, today development of foreign trade, international trade turnover
requires further improvement of international customs relations. In the mod-
ern era, the interstate relations cover all spheres of social life, including the
areas of the socio-political and diplomatic, economic, scientific, technical
and cultural ties. In this sense, in parallel with trade relations historically
Gömrük işi Azərbaycan dövlətçiliyi tarixində:
440
formed between the different states, the sphere of influence of customs rela-
tions on the country's economic and political development is growing.
Therefore, every leading state attaches great importance to customs and
international customs relations in their national legislation. The Republic of
Azerbaijan is no exception in this regard (Guliev, 2013 a, p. 9).
Customs service in Azerbaijan has a centuries-old, rich history. Since
the ancient times, due to the geographical position, location on the historical
Silk Road that played an important role in the formation of economic, trade
and cultural relations between the East and West, North and South, the cus-
toms posts and other complementary services (border protection, sanitary-
quarantine, transport, communications, etc.) functioned in this area. At
present, the customs system having the world's most advanced techni-
cal resources and human potential have been established in the Republic of
Azerbaijan.
The customs service of Azerbaijan tries to coordinate joint ac-
tivities in the implementation of measures for the protection of national
security, public order, morality of the people, life and health, flora and
fauna, environment, people’s artistic, historical and archaeological wealth
with the relevant agencies and international organizations of the countries it
cooperates. The expansion of geography of economic and trade relations
and the increase in the volume of import-export operations is strengthening
the integration of Azerbaijan into the international economic system.
In addition to the basic functions in its activities the customs organiza-
tion of Azerbaijan in high level is implementing a very important and hu-
mane mission before the society and the state. This mission covers very
broad areas of social and cultural life: the preservation and protection of rare
examples of flora and fauna, historical and cultural heritage, sports and
health activities, introduction and promotion of the Azerbaijan realities to
the world community, charity and many other humane directions. The fight
against the transportation of the counterfeit drugs is a part of ensuring eco-
nomic security. Protection of the consumer market from the counterfeit
products, protection of consumers’ rights and ensuring of public health are
under the control of state authorities (Proceedings, 2013, p. 30).
Customs statistics shows that, in many cases, counterfeit drugs are
transported in a small amount which offers necessary facilities to avoid
them from the customs inspection. The state attaches great importance to
prevent the transportation of the counterfeit drugs through the customs bor-
der of Azerbaijan by legal or illegal ways. On February 8- 9, 2007, there
was held the International Conference called “The fight against counterfeit
drugs” at the Gulistan Palace. A total of 10 international organizations, the