F
p
*
Lower
Upper
Tax incentives for
investments in less
developed industries
SBE.
N
= 16
3.6250
(0.88506)
3.1534
4.0966
2.274
0.109
MBE.
N
= 22
2.7273
(1.38639)
2.1126
3.3420
LBE.
N
= 50
3.0800
(1.33768)
2.6998
3.4602
Tax incentives for
investments in
certain industries
SBE.
N
= 16
3.1250
(0.61914)
2.7951
3.4549
9.227
0.000
MBE.
N
= 22
3.6364
(1.39882)
3.0162
4.2566
LBE.
N
= 50
2.4000
(1.17803)
2.0652
2.7348
Tax incentives for
export companies
SBE.
N
= 16
3.5625
(1.36473)
2.8353
4.2897
6.688
0.002
MBE.
N
= 22
3.5455
(0.80043)
3.1906
3.9003
LBE.
N
= 50
2.4800
(1.54180)
2.0418
2.9182
Tax incentives for
doing business in
free zones
SBE.
N
= 16
3.1875
(0.65511)
2.8384
3.5366
11.479
0.000
MBE.
N
= 22
3.0909
(1.41115)
2.4652
3.7166
LBE.
N
= 50
1.8800
(1.25584)
1.5231
2.2369
Tax incentives for
the employment of
new employees
SBE.
N
= 16
4.0625
(1.06262)
3.4963
4.6287
3.396
0.038
MBE.
N
= 22
3.4545
(1.33550)
2.8624
4.0467
LBE.
N
= 50
3.0400
(1.49775)
2.6143
3.4657
Tax incentives for
setting up small and
medium-sized
enterprises
SBE.
N
= 16
3.6250
(0.71880)
3.2420
4.0080
10.367
0.000
MBE.
N
= 22
2.3636
(1.59001)
1.6587
3.0686
LBE
N
= 50
1.9200
(1.30681)
1.5486
2.2914
Tax incentives in
paying corporate
income taxes
SBE.
N
= 16
3.8750
(1.02470)
3.3290
4.4210
0.965
0.385
MBE.
N
= 22
3.9091
(1.26901)
3.3464
4.4717
LBE.
3.5200
3.1468
3.8932
Domazet, I., Marjanović, D.
101
M
(SD)
95% CIM
F
p
*
Lower
Upper
N
= 50
(1.31304)
Tax incentives in
paying income taxes
by citizens
SBE.
N
= 16
3.1250
(0.61914)
2.7951
3.4549
2.416
0.095
MBE.
N
= 22
2.3636
(1.46533)
1.7139
3.0133
LBE.
N
= 50
2.3600
(1.30556)
1.9890
2.7310
* statistically significant difference occurs at the level p < 0.05
Source: authors` calculations
The results of ANOVA showed that there are statistically significant differences
between foreign investors in the following:
1) In assessing the degree of impact of tax incentives on investments in certain
industries,
F
(2.85) = 9.227,
p
= 0.000, where the size of the difference between
different groups of foreign investors expressed by eta squared indicator totals
η
2
=
0.050 and the difference can be considered to be a medium size difference.
Table 4: The results of T-HSD test on differences among foreign investors depending on the size of
business entity in Serbia and evaluation of the impact of tax incentives on investing in certain
industries
(I)
(J)
MD
(I-J)
p
*
95%
CIM
Lower
Upper
Tax incentives for
investments in
certain industries
SBE
MBE
-0.51136
0.378
-1.4224
0.3997
LBE
0.72500
0.082
-0.0714
1.5214
MBE
SBE
0.51136
0.378
-0.3997
1.4224
VPS
1.23636
0.000
0.5270
1.9457
LBE
SBE
-0.72500
0.082
-1.5214
0.0714
MBE
-1.23636
0.000
-1.9457
-0.5270
* statistically significant difference occurs at the level p < 0.05
Source: authors` calculations
Subsequent comparison by T-HSD test showed that the previously indicated
statistically significant difference exists between the foreign investors whose business
entities in Serbia are of a medium size (
M
= 3.6364,
SD
= 1.39882), on the one hand,
and on the other, those whose business entities in Serbia are large in size (
M
= 2.4000
SD
= 1.17803).
2) In assessing the degree of impact of tax incentives on companies that export,
F
(2.85) = 6.688, p = 0.002, where the size of the difference between different groups
of foreign investors expressed by eta squared indicator totals
η
2
= 0.135 and can be
considered a huge difference.
The State and the Market in Economic Development: In Pursuit of Millennium Development Goals
102
Subsequent comparison using
T-HSD
test showed that the previously indicated
statistically significant difference exists between the foreign investors whose business
entities in Serbia are small in size (
M
= 3.5625,
SD
= 1.36473) and medium (
M
= 3.
5455,
SD
= 0.80043), on the one hand, and those whose business entities in Serbia are
large in size (
M
= 2.4800,
SD
= 1.54180), on the other hand.
Table 5: The result of T-HSD test on differences among foreign investors depending on the size of
business entity in Serbia in evaluation of the impact of tax incentives for export companies
(I)
(J)
MD
(I-J)
p
*
95%
CIM
Lower
Upper
Tax incentives
for export
companies
SBE
MBE
0.01705
0.999
-1.0511
1.0852
LBE
1.08250
0.019
0.1487
2.0163
MBE
SBE
-0.01705
0.999
-1.0852
1.0511
LBE
1.06545
0.008
0.2337
1.8972
LBE
SBE
-1.08250
0.019
-2.0163
-0.1487
SPS
-1.06545
0.008
-1.8972
-0.2337
* statistically significant difference occurs at the level p < 0.05
Source: authors` calculations
3) In assessing the degree of impact of tax incentives on business in free zones,
F
(2.85) = 11.479,
p
= 0.000, where the size of the difference between different
groups of foreign investors expressed by eta squared indicator totals
η
2
= 0.212 and
can be considered a huge difference.
Table 6: The results of T-HSD test on differences among foreign investors depending on the size of
business entity in Serbia in evaluation of tax incentives for doing business in free zones
(I)
(J)
MD
(I-J)
p
*
95%
CIM
Lower
Upper
Tax
incentives
for doing
business in
free zones
SBE
MBE
0.09659
0.968
-0.8559
1.0491
LBE
1.30750
0.001
0.4748
2.1402
MBE
SBE
-0.09659
0.968
-1.0491
0.8559
LBE
1.21091
0.001
0.4692
1.9526
LBE
SBE
-1.30750
0.001
-2.1402
-0.4748
MBE
-1.21091
0.001
-1.9526
-0.4692
* statistically significant difference occurs at the level p < 0.05
Source: authors` calculations
Subsequent comparison by
T-HSD
test showed that the previously indicated
statistically significant difference exists between the foreign investors whose business
entities in Serbia are small in size (
M
= 3.1875,
SD
= 0.65511) and medium (
M
=
3.0909,
SD
= 1.41115), on the one hand, and those whose business entities in Serbia
are large in size (
M
= 1.8800,
SD
= 1.25584), on the other hand.
Domazet, I., Marjanović, D.
103
4) In assessing the degree of impact of tax incentives on hiring new workers,
F
(2.85) = 3.396,
p
= 0.038, where the size of the difference between different groups
of foreign investors expressed by eta squared indicator totals
η
2
= 0.074 and can be
considered to be the medium-sized difference.
Table 7: The results of T-HSD test on differences among foreign investors depending on the size of
business entity in Serbia in evaluation of the impact of tax incentives on the employment of new
employees
(I)
(J)
MD
(I-J)
p
*
95%
CIM
Lower
Upper
Tax incentives for
the employment
of new employees
SBE
MBE
0.60795
0.382
-0.4818
1.6977
LBE
1.02250
0.032
0.0699
1.9751
MBE
SBE
-0.60795
0.382
-1.6977
0.4818
LBE
0.41455
0.477
-0.4340
1.2631
LBE
SBE
-1.02250
0.032
-1.9751
-0.0699
MBE
-0.41455
0.477
-1.2631
0.4340
* statistically significant difference occurs at the level p < 0.05
Source: authors` calculations
Subsequent comparison by
T-HSD
test showed that the previously indicated
statistically significant difference exists between the foreign investors whose business
entities in Serbia are small in size (
M
= 4.0625,
SD
= 1.06262), on the one hand, and
those whose business entities in Serbia are large in size (
M
= 3.0400,
SD
= 1.49775),
on the other hand.
5) In assessing the degree of impact of tax incentives on the establishment of
small and medium –sized enterprises,
F
(2.85) = 10.367,
p
= 0.000, where the size of
the difference between different groups of foreign investors expressed by eta squared
indicator totals
η
2
= 0.196 and can be considered to be a huge difference.
Table 8: The results of T-HSD test on differences among foreign investors depending on the size of
business entity in Serbia in evaluation of the impact of tax incentives in setting up small and medium-
sized enterprises
(I)
(J)
MD
(I-J)
p
*
95%
CIM
Lower
Upper
Tax incentives for
setting up small and
medium-sized
enterprises
SBE
MBE
1.26136
0.012
0.2394
2.2834
LBE
1.70500
0.000
0.8116
2.5984
MBE
SBE
-1.26136
0.012
-2.2834
-0.2394
LBE
0.44364
0.383
-0.3522
1.2394
LBE
SBE
-1.70500
0.000
-2.5984
-0.8116
MBE
-0.44364
0.383
-1.2394
0.3522
* statistically significant difference occurs at the level p < 0.05
Source: authors` calculations
The State and the Market in Economic Development: In Pursuit of Millennium Development Goals
104
Subsequent comparison by
T-HSD
test showed that the previously indicated
statistically significant difference exists between the foreign investors whose business
entity in Serbia is a small-sized business (
M
= 3.6250,
SD
= 0.71880), on the one
hand, and those whose business entities in Serbia are of medium size (
M
= 2.3636,
SD
= 1.59001) or large businesses (
M
= 1.9200,
SD
= 1.30681), on the other hand.
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