Title of the Course Pharmaceutics Laboratory -I
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 4
Total Hours 60
Class F.Y. B.Pharm
Semester II
Sr.No. Experiment
1 At least one representative example of each formulation type included in theory (Preparation
and evaluation, WITH STRESS ON OFFICIAL FORMULATIONS)
Title of the Course Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 4
Total Hours 60
Class F.Y. B.Pharm
Semester II
Sr.No. Experiment
1 Examples of topics covered in theory
26
S.Y. B. Pharm.
SEMESTER- III
Title of the Course Organic Chemistry-III
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 2
Total Hours 30
Class S.Y. B.Pharm.
Semester III
Sr.No Topic Hrs.
Organic Molecular Transformations and Mechanism
1 Reactive intermediates, Formation, structure, reactivity, properties such as half life,
stability, and others. Cabonium ion, carbanion, free radicals, carbenes
Effect of other functional groups including aromatic rings on the structure and
reactivity of the above
5
2 Classification and nomenclature of transformations 1
3 Nucleophile, electrophile, nucleophilicity, electrophilicity, nucleophilic and
electrophilic reactions in aliphatic and aromatic systems.
5
4 Investigation of Reaction Mechanism 3
5 Electron deficient O, N, and Rearrangement reactions 2
6 Oxidizing and reducing agents 2
7 Organmetallic reagents and reactions 2
8 Pericyclic reactions 3
9 Vitamins structure and stability, mechanism of biochemical reactions 7
Books Recommended
Sr.No. Title of the Book Author/Editor Edition/Year Publisher
1 Adv.Org.
Chemistry
Carey 4th Edition,
2000
Plenum Press NY
2 Organic
Chemistry
Morrison, R. T 6 th Edition,
2006
Pearson Education
3 Organic
Chemistry
Finar 6 th Edition,
1973
Longman Group Ltd
4 Organic Reaction
Mechanism
M. Gomer
Gallego
2004 Springer Privt. Ltd.
5 Organometalics Elschenbroich 3 rd , 2005 Willey-VCH Verlag & Co.
6 Lehninger:
Principles of
Biochemistry.
David Nelson,
Michael Cox
4th Edition,
2005
W. H. Freeman and Company, New
York.
27
Title of the Course Pharmaceutics – III
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 2
Total Hours 30
Class S.Y. B. Pharm.
Semester III
Sr.No. Topic Hrs.
1. Biphasic disperse systems: Emulsions: Preformulation considerations and theories
of emulsion formation
3
2. Formulation considerations in the development of emulsions for internal and
external use and quality control, emulsifying agents - examples of official
preparations belonging to this class.
3
3. Large scale manufacturing, packaging of emulsions 2
4 Semi solid dosage forms: Introduction to the anatomy of skin- percutaneous
absorption and penetration,
2
5. Ointments different bases, factors influencing the choice of base,- processing of
ointments and creams and quality control
4
6. Formulation and evaluation of pastes, gels, poultice 3
7. Large scale manufacturing, packaging of semisolid dosages including ointments
creams and gels
3
8. Introduction to Multiple emulsions, submicron emulsions, microemulsions 1
9. Aerosols: Components, manufacture and evaluation. 4
10. Suppositories: Rectal Delivery- Physico-chemical factors affecting rectal absorption,
advantages, limitations, Formulation of suppositories and pessaries, suppository
bases, evaluation, packaging, and manufacture
5
Books Recommended
Sr.No. Title of The Book Author/Editor Edition/Year Publisher
1 Theory & Practice Of
Industrial Pharmacy
L. Lachman,
Herbert
A.Lieberman & J.
Kanig
3rd, 1987 Lea & Febiger,
Philadelphia
2 Pharmaceutical Dosage
Form: Dispersed Systems
(Vol.1 &2 )
Herbert A.
Lieberman, Martin
A.Rieger,G.S.Bank
er
2nd, 1993 Marcel Dekker Inc.
3 Modern Pharmaceutics Gilbert S.Banker,
C.T. Rhodes
2nd, 1990 Marcel Dekker Inc.
4 Cooper & Gunn’s
Dispensing For
Pharmaceutical Students
Revised By
S.J.Carter
12th, 1987 Cbs Publishers &
Distributers
5 Pharmaceutics: The
Science Of Dosage Form
Design
Michael E.Aulton 2nd , 1998 Churchill-Livingstone
28
6 Remington-The Science
And Practice Of Pharmacy
(Vol.1 & 2)
David B.Troy 21st, 2006 Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins
7 American Pharmacy: Text
Book Of Pharmaceutical
Principles,Processes &
Preparations
Rufus Lyman 4th, 1955 J.B.Lippincott Company
Title of the Course Physical Pharmacy- II
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 2
Total Hours 30
Class S.Y. B. Pharm.
Semester III
Sr.No. Topic Hrs
1. Ionic Equilibria and buffers: Modern theories of acids and bases, Acid-Base
equilibria, Sorensen’s pH scale, calculation of pH, effect of pH on ionization of weak
acid and weak bases, calculation of fraction unionized; The buffers in pharmaceutical
and biological systems, buffered solutions, methods of adjusting pH;
4
2. Electromotive force and Oxidation-Reduction: Electrochemical cells, Nernst
equation, Types of electrodes, electrode, electrode potential, redox potential,
concentration cell, measurement of pH;
5
3. Solubility: Solubility of gases in liquids, solubility of oxygen in blood, solubility of
anaesthetic gases in blood, solubility of volatile anaesthetics in oil, miscible liquids,
partial miscibility, solubility of solids in liquids, ideal solubility, solubility
parameters and prediction of solubility in regular solutions, partition phenomena,
partitioning of weak electrolytes;
5
4. Complexation: Organic molecular complexes, inclusion compounds, methods of
analysis, protein binding, Scatchard plot
4
5. Chemical kinetics: Molecularity and order of a reaction, specific reaction rate
constant, zero order, first order and second order reactions, methods to determine
order of a reaction, Energy of activation, photochemical reactions and quantum yield.
6. Catalysis: Positive, negative catalyst, autocatalysis. Homogenous and heterogenous
catalysis;
2
7. Interfacial phenomena: Surface tension (Surface free energy), Young equation,
Kelvin equation, measurement of surface and interfacial tension, wetting and contact
angle, spreading of liquids on liquids and on solids, Surface activity and soluble
monolayers, Gibb’s Duhem equation, insoluble monolayers and the film balance.
6
8. Adsorption at solid surfaces, Freundlich and Langmuir treatment to Type-I
adsorption isotherm, electrical properties of interfaces-Nernst and Zeta potential.
4
Books Recommended: Will be recommended by the teacher
29
Title of the Course Biochemistry-I
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 2
Total Hours 30
Class S.Y. B.Pharm
Semester III
Sr.No Topic Hrs.
1 Carbohydrates: Fundamentals of chemistry of carbohydrates, concept of ring
structures and straight chain structure of common carbohydrates glucose,
fructose, galactose, Lactose, maltose, sucrose, polysaccharides, starch,
glycogen, cellulose, mucopolysaccharides like hyalurouic acid heparin.
Qualitative tests / colour reaction.
Selected reaction: With phenyl hydrazine, alkali – oxidation reduction with
practical significance, Glycolysis, TCA, pentose- phosphate. Pathway
gluconeogeuesis, glycogenolysis.
4
2 Lipids: Fatly aids, waxes, phospholipids, sphingolipids, terpenoids. With are
representative structure and significance.
Functions & comparative distribution of lipids
Lipoproteins:β oxidation of fatly acids, Oxidation of unsaturated fatly acids,
functions of cholesterol & significance. Rancidity, sap value, Iodine value &
hydrogenating
4
3 Proteins & Amino acids:
Structure of protein: globular, fibrous (helix & placated sheet)
Amino acids: Structures, pK – isoelectric point, Essential & non-essential Aa:
Colour reaction of A.a.
Elementary idea about chromatography & electrophoresis.
Protein Metabolism: Transmutation SGOT / SGPT, Deamination & urea
cycle, & Decarboxylation of A.a.
Nucleic acids and their components:
DNA & RNA bases,
Nucleosides, Nucleotides, chemistry of Nucleic acids, structure, of RNA &
DNA. Types of RNA: M RNA, t-RNA & r-RNA. Function of DNA & role in
protein synthesis salient factures of protein biosynthesis & Idea of genetic
code.
12
4
4
4
4 Enzymes: Cassation, Mechanize of enzyme action, factors affecting rate of enzymatic
reaction, Activators & inhibitors of enzymes, Competitive & Non –
Competitive types of enzyme inhibition. Enzyme induction & lysozyme.
5
5 Vitamins & Co-enzymes: Struthers & function of Nicotinamide, nicotinic acid,
riboflavin, lipoic acid, biotin, thiamine, B6, folic acid, B12, pantothenic acid,
ascorbic acid, vitamins A, D, K, and E.
5
Books Recommended : Same as under Biochemistry -III
30
Title of the Course Anatomy, Physiology & Pathophysiology-III
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 2
Total Hours 30
Class S.Y. B. Pharm
Semester III
Sr.No Topic Hrs.
1 Nervous System/sense organs. Anatomy-Physiology of CNS (Central N.S),
PNS (Peripheral NS) and ANS (Autonomic NS)
Neurotransmitters, Neurotransmission, Sensory- Motor pathways
Cranial – Spinal Nervous
Blood –Brain Barrier, Blood flow to brain
Diseases – Parkinsonism, Alzheimer’s, epilepsy, hypoxia, stroke, Anxiety,
depression, mania, schizophrenia.
Sense organs: Anatomy and Physiology
Physiology of sensations (special)
17
2 Digestive System|: Anatomy-Physiology including liver, pancreas
Diseases: Peptic Ulcers, Inflammatory Bowel Disorders, hepatitis, cholecystitis,
Cirrhosis, achacia, reflux oesophytis
13
Books Recommended : Same as under Anatomy, Physiology and Pathophysiology-IV
Title of the Course Psychology and Sociology
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 2 (1+1)
Total Hours 30
Class S.Y. B. Pharm.
Semester III
Sr.No Topic Hrs.
Psychology
NOTE: All relevant topics can be dealt with special reference to the Pharmaceutical Industry
1 Definition of Psychology, sub fields of Psychology; Industrial Psychology:
definition, nature and scope, history, premices, development, and hurdles;
5
2 Personnel Selection: occupational information, individual differences, personnel
specifications -its types. and objectives; Methods of job analysis; Uses of job
analysis; Types of personnel actions: Selection techniques : Application blanks,
reference, interview; Psychological Tests: Intelligence (Otis, Standford-Binet,
Weehster adult Intelligence test, Multifactor tests) aptitude (DAT), personality
(Rorschaeh, TAT and MMPI);
5
3 Personnel Development : Motivation – theories of motivation (Marlowe, Vroom)
motivation and organization ; Incentives – financial and non-financial job
satisfaction, Herberg’s two factor theory, factors affecting satisfaction; Morale and
Monotony; Definition and nature of Leadership, functions of leaders, trait theory of
5
31
leadership – Managerial grid, Field less Contingency Model; Accident Prevention
and Safety Measures.
Sociology
1 Introduction to Sociology: What is Sociology? the relevance of Sociology to
industry; Personality and social behavior, social adjustment of workers, definition
and levels of communication, improving communication in organization;
5
2 Industrial Democracy: What is Industrial Democracy? worker participation in
management; Trade unions: History of labour movement in India, problems of trade
unions in India, collective bargaining, industrial disputes, its causes and methods to
resolve;
5
3 Science, Technology, Industry and society: Impact of science & technology on
industry and society, the role of industry in national development, cottage, small and
large scale industries, problems of industrialization with special reference to the
pharmaceutical industry .
5
Books Recommended: Will be recommended by the teacher
Title of the Course Hospital Pharmacy and Drug Store Management
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 2
Total Hours 30
Class S.Y. B. Pharm.
Semester III
Sr.No. Topic Hrs
Hospital Pharmacy
1. HOSPITAL: Classification, Organization, Administration & Functions 1
2. Hospital Pharmcy: History, Development, Duties & responsibilities of Pharmacist 1
3. PHARMACY & THERAPEUTIC COMMITTEE 1
4. HOSPITAL FORMULARY 1
5. PURCHASE: Procedure, Storage, Inventory Control. 1
6. DISPENSIGN OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES 1
7. BULK COMPOUNDING: Large volume parentrals total parentral Nutrition,
Intravenous additives. 1
8. CENTRAL STERILE SERVICE: Advantages, Plan, Location, Activities
management 1
9. STERILISATION & DISPOSAL OF SURGICAL MATERIALS: Rubber gloves,
Syringes, Needles, Catheters, Surgical Instruments, Powders, etc. 1
10. MEDICAL GASES: Different gases &their uses, Color coding of Cylinders & Care
of Cylinders 2
11. HEALTH ACCESSORIES: Wheel chairs, Canes, Crutches, Bed panes, Syringes,
Needles etc. 1
12. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS: Therapeutic &
Diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals. 1
32
13. APPLICATION OF COMPUTERS: In maintenance of Records, Inventory control,
Medication monitoring, Drug information, etc. (Current) 1
14. HEALTH INSURANCE (Current) 1
Drug Store Management
15 Introduction to Retail (Community) Pharmacy as a Career.
1. Retail Pharmacy Origin and Concept
2. Pharmacy as Profession
3. Role of Retail (Community) Pharmacist
1
16 Retailing: Single Store (Model Pharmacy), Departmental Stores, Malls, Chain Stores,
Co-operative Pharmacy and Internet Pharmacy 2
17 Forms of Business Organizations- Sole Proprietorship, Partnership, and Corporate
Structure including Co-operative Societies 2
18 Building of a Model Pharmacy 3
19 Stocking / Inventory Control and Recordkeeping 2
20 Sales Promotion Methods 1
21 Banking and finance 2
22 Prevention of Frauds and Risk insurance 2
Books Recommended
Sr.No. Title Author / Editor Edition/Year Publisher
1 A Text Book Of Hospital
Pharmacy
S.H. Merchamt &
J.S. Quadry
3rd, 1989 Mr. S.B. Shah
2 Hospital & Clinical
Pharmacy
A.R. Paradkar &
S.A.Chunawala
9th, 1999 Nirali Publications
Pune
3 Cooper & Guns.
Dispensing For
Pharmaceutical Students
S.J. Carter 12th, 1987 Pitman Books
33
Title of the Course Assignments (Pharmaceutics)
Marks 50
Number of Hours per week 2
Total Hours 30
Class S. Y. B.Pharm.
Semester III
Sr. No. Topic
1. There will be several problem solving sessions where there will be discussions on
methodology and approaches to solve problems including discussions on how to gather
information from internet and literature. The problems will be given to the students as
home assignments where students can go through the literature and come out with
solutions and present it in the class. There shall be many assignments. No assignment shall
be of more than 10 marks. The student shall submit the assignment in A4 size paper either
hand written or typed and pinned together. Marks will be awarded by the teacher and at
the end of the semester teacher will submit the marks along with the assignment copies of
all the students to the office.
Laboratory
Title of the Course Pharmaceutics Laboratory -II
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 4
Total Hours 60
Class S.Y. B. Pharm.
Semester III
Sr.No. Experiment
1 At least one representative example of each formulation type included in theory (Preparation
and evaluation, with stress on official formulations)
34
Title of the Course Physical Pharmacy Laboratory
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 4
Total Hours 60
Class S.Y. B. Pharm.
Semester III
Sr.No. Experiment
1. Kinetics: Experiments to determine order of reaction-
First order Reaction a) degree of hydrolysis b) relative strength of two acids c) equal
fraction method;
2. Second order reaction a) a=b b) equal fraction method c) Oswald’s dilution method;
3. Energy of activation and determination of shelf life;
4. Kinetics of inversion of cane sugar, Molecular Weight; 1. F.P. Method, 2. B.P. Method, 3.
Rast camphor method 4. Molecular weight of polymer by viscosity method, 5. Brookfield
viscometer (Demonostration). 6. Victor Meyer method.
5. Suface Tension: 1. Using stalagmometer 2. Critical micelle concentration of a surfactant;
HLB: Determination of HLB of glyceryl monostearate;
6. Conductivity: 1. Normality of an acid by conductometric titration, 2. Dissolution constant
of an acid (verification of Ostwald’s dilution (w), 3. Solubility of a sparingly soluble salt;
pH meter.
7. 1. Potentiometric titration, 2. Dissolution constant of a weak acid, 3. To determine buffer
capacity at various stages of titrations of a weak acid against strong base and hence to
determine pKa of the acid;
8. Adsorption: adsorption of acetic acid on activated charcoal and determination of specific
surface area of charcoal; Partition; partition coefficient of lodine between
carbontetrachloride and water, partition coefficient of benzoic acid between water and
benzene;
9. Chromatography – paper chromatography (aqueous phase only), Rf value;
Critical solution temperature phenol water system; Heat of solution – by solubility method;
Heat of neutralisation – using a thermosflask.
35
Title of the Course Biochemistry Laboratory
Marks 50
Number of Hours per Week 4
Total Hours 60
Class S.Y B.Pharm
Semester III
Sr.No. Experiment Hrs.
1 Qualitative tests for Carbohydrates. 4
2 Quantitative test for Carbohydrates
Lane Eynon’s Method
Willstatters Method
DNS Method
Folin- Wu Method (Blood Sugar)
4
4
4
4
3 Qualitative tests for Amino acids, Proteins and Precipitation of proteins 4
4 Quantitative tests for Proteins
Folin Lowery Method
Biuret Method
4
4
5 Enzymes
Activity of Salivary Amylase
Study of factors affecting rate of an enzymatic reactions: Determination of Optimum
pH, Temperature, KM, VMax.
4
4
4
6 Vitamins; Quantitative determination of Vitamin C 4
7 Lipids; Determination of acid value and iodine value of lipids. 4
8 Estimation of RNA and Blood Cholesterol. 4
9 Tutorials 4
Books Recommended
Sr.No. Title of the Book Author/Editor Edition/Year Publisher
1 An Introduction to
Practical Biochemistry
David T.
Plummer.
2nd , 1978 McGraw Hill Book Co.,
London.
Title of the Course Pharmaceutical Analysis Laboratory-I
Marks 50
Number of Hours per week 4
Total Hours 60
Class S.Y. B.Pharm.
Semester III
Sr.No Experiment Hrs.
1. The students should be introducing to the main Analytical tools through
demonstration. They should have a clear understanding of a typical analytical
balance, weights, care and use of balance, methods of weighing and errors of
weighing. The students should also be acquainted with the general apparatus required
in various analytical procedures.
4
36
2. Standardization of analytical weights and calibration of balances and volumetric
apparatus.
4
3. Perform following assays as per IP including preparation and standardization of
titrants.
Such as 0.1 N HCL, 0.1 N NaOH, 0.1 N KMnO4, 0.1 N Na2S203, 0.1 N AgNO3, 0.1
N HClO4, 0.05 M disodium EDTA, 0.1 N CH3ONa, 0.1 N Iodine, 0.1 N Oxalic acid
8
4. Hydrogen ion concentration, pH, and potentiometric titrations 4
5. Acid-base titrations**: Benzoic acid, Boric acid, Aspirin, Determination of total
alkalinity and sodium carbonate of sodium hydroxide
4
6. Non-Aqueous titrations**: Sodium acetate, Sodium benzoate, Norfloxacin tablet.,
assay of pyridoxine HCI
4
7. Oxidation-Reduction titrations**: assay of sodium nitrite Ferrous sulfate, Ascorbic
acid, Isoniazide, Hydrogen Peroxide. assay of iodine solution, determination of
percentage of ascorbic acid
8
8. Complexometric titrations**: Magnesium sulfate, Lead nitrate, calcium gluconate,
Ca & Mg in a mixture, AI & Zn in a mixture ,assay of aluminium hydroxide gel
4
9. Argentometric titrations**: Potassium chloride, Sodium chloride and Ammonium
chloride.
4
10. Gravimetric analysis**: Alum by oxime reagent, Calcium as calcium oxalate and
magnesium as magnesium pyrophosphate.
4
11. Miscellaneous methods of analysis:**
Estimation by Kjeldahl’s method, sodium nitrite titration, hydroxyl value, acid value,
iodine value, saponification value, ester value
8
12. Physicochemical Methods**
– specific gravity and density, solubility, viscosity, melting, congealing, and boiling
temperatures.
4
**Applications may also include other compounds to which the techniques are
applicable.
Books Recommended
Books recommended under Pharmaceutical Analysis-I And in addition the following
Sr.No. Title Of The Book Author/Editor Edition/
Year
Publisher
1. Instrumental Methods Of
Analysis
Ewing. 4th ,
1975
McGraw Hill New York
2. Text Book Of Practical
Organic Chemistry –
Vogel 5th ,
1989
Longman Scientific
37
Dostları ilə paylaş: |