Present Indefinite tense

1. Short Adjectives (one or two syllables):
- Comparative Structure: (adjective) + "-er" + than
- Example: He is taller than his brother.
2. Long Adjectives (more than two syllables) and Short Adjectives with Two Syllables Ending in "y"):
- Comparative Structure: more + (adjective) + than
- Example: This book is more interesting than the one I read last week.
Superlatives:
Superlatives are used to express the highest degree of something, indicating that it surpasses all others. The structure is similar to comparatives:

1. Short Adjectives (one or two syllables):
- Superlative Structure: the + (adjective) + "-est"
- Example: Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world.
2. Long Adjectives (more than two syllables) and Short Adjectives with Two Syllables Ending in "y"):
- Superlative Structure: the most + (adjective)
- Example: This is the most beautiful sunset I have ever seen.
Irregular Forms:
Some adjectives have irregular comparative and superlative forms:
- Good:
- Comparative: better than
- Superlative: the best
- Bad:
- Comparative: worse than
- Superlative: the worst
- Far:

• 
  Comparative: farther/further than
  
• 
  Superlative: the farthest/the furthest
  

Examples:
1. Comparatives:

• 
  The new phone is more expensive than the old one.
  
• 
  My cat is bigger than yours.
  

2. Superlatives:

• 
  Antarctica is the coldest continent.
  
• 
  This is the most challenging puzzle.
  

Remember, when comparing two things, use comparatives. When comparing more than two things, use superlatives. These structures help convey the degree of difference or superiority between items.

Present Continuous Tense:
The Present Continuous Tense is used to describe actions happening at the moment of speaking or around the current period. It adds a sense of immediacy to the action.