Port of Kalama Comprehensive Plan
June 1, 2015
Page 19
Table 6 – Employment at the Port of Kalama
Industry Name
2014
Average
Steelscape, Inc.
250
Emerald Kalama Chemical
164
R S G Forest Products / Gram Lumber
146
Bennu Glass (Owens-Illinois)
93
Kalama Export Co.
66
State of Washington Dept. Agriculture
43
Port of Kalama
16
TEMCO
22
Ecotech
12
Somarakis
10
Mountain Homes/Cabin Fever/JSI
9
Chemtrade Logistics
9
Arch Wood Protection/Lonza America
7
Kalama RV and Dry Storage
5
All American Containers
4
Christiansen Enterprises LLC
4
Twin Perks Espresso
4
Absolute Concrete Colors (East/West General)
4
Port of Kalama (Longshore, Estimated by Hours)
3
Air Liquide
2
Kemira Logistics
2
J& B Towing
1
Karlington Electric
1
U S Cellular
-
Jubitz
-
Total
877
Source: Port of Kalama
Income
In Cowlitz County, per capita personal income has lagged behind the state average for
several decades. A major reason for this is the loss of high-paying jobs due to closure of
manufacturing facilities such as lumber mills, paper mills, and an aluminum smelter. The
relatively high wages associated with manufacturing is one of the reasons that the Port of
Kalama has focused on attracting and retaining this type of tenant.
In the mid 1970’s the average per capita income in Cowlitz County reached as high as
98 percent of the state average. After this peak the differential between Cowlitz County and the
state grew steadily until 2006, when per capita personal income in Cowlitz County was only 70
percent of the state average. However, between 2006 and 2013 personal income in Cowlitz
County has reached 75 percent of the state average.
In current dollars, between 1978 and 2013 per capita personal income in Cowlitz County
grew by an average of 4.4 percent per year. In comparison, per capita income in Washington
grew by 5.2 percent per year, in Clark County it grew by 5.0 percent per year, and in Lewis
County it grew by 4.4 percent per year.
When adjusted for inflation, these growth rates are much lower. In Cowlitz County,
personal income growth averaged 0.5 percent per year between 1978 and 2013. In Washington
Port of Kalama Comprehensive Plan
June 1, 2015
Page 20
State, growth averaged 1.2 percent per year. In Clark County, it averaged 1.0 percent per year.
Lewis County also saw only small growth in personal income, averaging the same 0.5 percent
per year as Cowlitz County.
Figure 7 illustrates per capita personal income trends in both nominal (current dollars) and
real (adjusted to 2013 dollars) terms. The figure makes clear how the gap between income in
Cowlitz County and the state has grown over time.
Figure 7 – Personal Income Trends
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis
Most personal income is generated from three sources: wage and salary income (earnings
from work), dividends/interest, and rent and transfer payments. (Transfer payments are
income payments to persons for whom no current services are performed, and include such
items as Social Security, worker’s compensation, and Medicare). (See Table 7)
Statewide, a declining share of personal income is from work earnings, but this trend is
more pronounced in Cowlitz County. In Washington, the share of personal income generated
by work earnings fell from 74 percent in 1970 to 64 percent in 2013. In Cowlitz County, this
share dropped from 78 percent to just 54 percent.
The major difference between Cowlitz County and the state is that the source of the rest of
the income in Cowlitz County is primarily transfer payments, or government support.
Statewide, the share of personal income from investments (i.e. dividends, interest and rent)
grew from 17 percent in 1970 to 21 percent in 2013, while the share of income from transfer
payments grew from 10 percent to 15 percent.
In Cowlitz County, the share of income from investments also grew, from 12 percent in
1970 to 18 percent in 2013. Growth in transfer payments was much more pronounced in
Cowlitz County, however. In 1970 transfer payments accounted for 10 percent of personal
income in Cowlitz County (identical to state average), but by 2013 this jumped to 28 percent.
$0
$10,000
$20,000
$30,000
$40,000
$50,000
$60,000
1970
1973
1976
1979
1982
1985
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006
2009
2012
P
e
r
C
a
p
it
a
I
n
c
o
m
e
WA (current $)
2013 $
Cowlitz (current $)
2013 $
Clark (current $)
2013 $
Lewis (current $)
2013 $
Port of Kalama Comprehensive Plan
June 1, 2015
Page 21
Table 7 – Source of Personal Income
Item
1970
1980
1990
2000
2010
2013
Cowlitz County
Earnings from Work
78%
71%
66%
62%
53%
54%
Dividends, Interest & Rent
12%
15%
18%
19%
17%
18%
Transfer Payments
10%
14%
16%
19%
30%
28%
Washington State
Earnings from Work
74%
71%
67%
68%
64%
64%
Dividends, Interest & Rent
17%
18%
22%
20%
19%
21%
Transfer Payments
10%
11%
12%
12%
17%
15%
Source: BST Associates, REIS
The decline in share of income from work earnings and the increase in transfer payments
underscores the need for jobs in the region, especially those that pay well. The Port of Kalama
plays a critical role in attracting this type of job.
Retail Sales
With the exception of groceries and drugs, most retail sales in Washington are subject to the
retail tax. Trends in taxable retail sales are one indicator of economic conditions in an area.
According to data from the Washington State Department of Revenue (DOR), taxable retail
sales in Cowlitz County grew in most years between 1996 and 2007, with especially strong
growth between 2004 and 2007. In nominal terms (i.e. current dollars), taxable retail sales grew
from $0.9 billion in 1996 to $1.4 billion in 2007. Retail sales took a hit during the recession,
however, dropping to $1.2 billion before recovering most of the lost ground by 2013 (see Figure
8).
When adjusted for inflation, retail sales in Cowlitz County have experienced a long term
decline. In terms of 2013 dollars, retail sales in 1994 were approximately $1.7 billion, compared
with $1.4 billion in 2013. However, most of the decline occurred in the first two years. From
1996 through 2004 taxable retail sales varied within a very narrow range, and averaged the
same inflation-adjusted $1.4 billion as in 2013. Sales climbed by more than $0.2 billion leading
up to the economic recession that began in late 2007, but during the recession sales dropped by
nearly $0.4 billion before beginning to recover.
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