Personal Research Database

Title: Journal of Health and Social Behavior

Full Journal Title: Journal of Health and Social Behavior

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ISSN: 0022-1465

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? Andrews, F.M., Abbey, A. and Halman, L.J. (1991), Stress from infertility, marriage factors, and subjective well-being of wives and husbands. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 32 (3), 238-253.

Full Text: J\J Hea Soc Beh32, 238.pdf

Keywords: Perceived Life Quality, National Surveys, United-States, Couples, Events, Models, Health

? Forthofer, M.S., Kessler, R.C., Story, A.L. and Gotlib, I.H. (1996), The effects of psychiatric disorders on the probability and timing of first marriage. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 37 (2), 121-132.

Full Text: J\J Hea Soc Beh37, 121.pdf

Abstract: While studies of psychopathology have begun to consider social consequences of psychiatric disorders during the past decade, marriage has received little attention, despite evidence that it influences life quality. The present paper examines the effects of clinically significant psychiatric disorders on the probability and timing of first marriage and whether the relationships between psychiatric disorders and marriage differ by type of disorder, gender, and birth cohort. Psychiatric disorders are found to have substantial effects on entry into first marriage. These effects are the same for men and women across all cohorts. Individual psychiatric disorders have similar effects on entry into first marriage. Psychiatric disorders are positively associated with early first marriage, which is strongly related to adverse consequences, and negatively associated with on-time and late first marriage, which are related to benefits such as financial security and social support. These results highlight the importance of early interventions for psychiatric disorders-if not for the purposes of primary prevention, then for the purposes of preventing the cumulation of adversities that occur secondarily through early marriage.

Keywords: Mental-Health-Services, Sex, Depression, Transition

Title: Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation

Full Journal Title: Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation

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? Moller, C.H., Gustafsson, F., Gluud, C. and Steinbruchel, D.A. (2008), Interleukin-2 receptor antagonists as induction therapy after heart transplantation: Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized trials. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation, 27 (8), 835-842.

Abstract: Background: About half of the transplantation centers use induction therapy after heart transplantation. Interleukin-2 receptor antagonists (IL-2Ras) are used increasingly for induction therapy., We conducted a systematic review of randomized trials assessing IL-2Ras. Methods: We searched CENTRAL, PUBMED, EMBASE and Web of Science up to November 2007 for randomized trials comparing IL-2Ra vs placebo/no treatment or another antibody induction therapy. Data were extracted and quality was assessed independently by two investigators. Outcome measures were mortality, biopsy-proven acute rejection (Grade >= 3A) infections and malignancy. Data were presented as the relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: We found 9 randomized trials evaluating IL-2Ra as induction therapy after heart transplantation. All were high-bias risk trials. Four trials compared IL-2Ra with placebo/no treatment, 3 trials compared IL-2Ra with polyclonal antibody and 2 trials compared IL-2Ra with monoclonal antibody. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 12 months, except for 2 trials with up to 10 years of follow-up. When IL-2Ra vs placebo/no treatment was meta-analyzed with a fixed-effect model, IL-2Ra significantly reduced the risk of acute rejection (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.59 to 0.90), but not according to a random-effects model (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.17). IL-2Ra significantly increased acute rejection when compared with polyclonal antibody (RR 2.99, 95% CI 1.42 to 6.28), but not when compared with monoclonal antibody (RR 0.94, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.20). No significant differences were found regarding mortality, infections or malignancy. Conclusions: Evidence for the use of induction therapy after heart transplantation is sparse. This systematic review found no convincing evidence of a survival benefit or reduction in cardiac allograft rejection. Thus, the routine use of IL-2Ra in cardiac transplantation remains unsupported.

Keywords: Acute Rejection, Anti-Thymocyte Globulin, Basiliximab, Cardiac Transplantation, Daclizumab, Double-Blind, Embase, Follow-Up, Infectious Deaths, Malignancy, Meta-Analysis, Methods, Model, Monoclonal-Antibody, Mortality, OKT3, Relative Risk, Review, Risk, Science, Survival, Systematic, Systematic Review, Therapy, Thyrnocyte Globulin, Treatment, Web of Science

Title: Journal of Heart Valve Disease

Full Journal Title: Journal of Heart Valve Disease

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? Tutarel, O. (2004), The quadricuspid aortic valve: A comprehensive review. Journal of Heart Valve Disease, 13 (4), 534-537.

Abstract: Background and aim of the study: The quadricuspid aortic. valve (QAV) is a rare congenital heart defect. All published cases of this rare malformation were reviewed. The study aim was to enlarge the evidence base for the condition, thus enabling conclusions to be drawn about its clinical course. Methods: A literature search was conducted using the databases PUBMED, Web of Science and the search engine Google. The reference sections of all relevant articles were also searched to identify additional cases of QAV. Cases with a truncal valve were excluded. Results: A total of 186 cases was found. The mean age of patients was 50.7 years, and there was a slight male predominance (male:female ratio 1.61:1). Echocardiography was the leading mode of detection, followed by surgery, autopsy and aortography. Pure aortic regurgitation was found in almost 75% of cases, while only ca. 16% of the valves functioned normally. Conclusion: The QAV is a rare congenital heart defect with a high potential for serious complications. Patients with this condition should be carefully evaluated, and require close follow up.

Keywords: Coronary-Artery, Databases, Endocarditis, Follow-Up, Insufficiency, Leaflets, Literature, Methods, Pubmed, Ratio, Regurgitation, Review, Science, Stenosis, Surgery, Transesophageal Echocardiography, Web of Science

? Mookadam, F., Thota, V.R., Garcia-Lopez, A.M., Emani, U.R., Alharthi, M.S., Zamorano, J. and Khandheria, B.K. (2010), Unicuspid aortic valve in adults: A systematic review. Journal of Heart Valve Disease, 19 (1), 79-85.

Abstract: Background and aim of the study: The natural history of the unicuspid aortic valve (UAV) is poorly described in the literature. In order to study the association between UAV with any other cardiac or extra cardiac abnormalities, an evidence-based systematic review was carried out. Methods: A computerized search was carried out of the medical literature published between 1st January 1966 and 1st September 2008 of the following databases: MEDLINE; EMBASE; Web of Science; and the Cochrane Database. Results: A total of 231 cases of adult UAV was identified in 38 articles. The mean patient age was 42 years, and the most common presenting symptoms reported (in 52 cases) included dyspnea (44%; n = 23), angina (21%; n = 11.), and dizziness or syncope (8%; n = 4). The most common lesion in UAV was isolated aortic stenosis (AS) (41%; n = 95) and AS with or without aortic regurgitation (28%; n = 64). The preoperative diagnosis of UAV is rare, and 139 cases (60%) of UAV were reported at autopsy or by examination of surgically excised valves. Aortic valve replacement was performed in 166 cases (82%). Concomitant aortic surgery was performed in 47 of the UAV cases (23%), either for a dilated or aneurysmal aorta. Conclusion: UAV shares many of the features of bicuspid aortic valve, including valvular dysfunction, aortic dilatation, aortic dissection, and dystrophic calcification, although these conditions develop at an earlier age and progress at a faster pace in UAV. Further investigations are warranted regarding the possibility of a familial incidence, associated histopathological changes in the aorta, preoperative diagnostic tools, ideal follow up and surgical intervention.

Keywords: Adult, Adults, Artery, Coarctation, Cochrane, Databases, Diagnosis, Disease, Dizziness, Embase, Follow-Up, History, Improved Survival, Intervention, Literature, Medical, Medical-Center 1993, Medline, Methods, Quality-Of-Life, Regurgitation, Replacement, Review, Science, Stenosis, Surgery, Surgical, Surgical Pathology, Symptoms, Systematic, Systematic Review, Web of Science

? Mookadam, F., Thota, V.R., Lopez, A.M.G., Emani, U.R. and Tajik, A.J. (2010), Unicuspid aortic valve in children: A systematic review spanning four decades. Journal of Heart Valve Disease, 19 (6), 678-683.

Abstract: Background and aim of the study: To date, the natural history of the unicuspid aortic valve (UAV) has been poorly described in the literature. To study the association between UAV with associated cardiac and extracardiac abnormalities, a systematic review was conducted. Methods: A computerized search was conducted of the medical literature published between 1st January 1966 and 1st September 2008, using the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane database. Results: Nine articles with 60 pediatric cases (age <15 years) were identified. The mean age at diagnosis was 14 months, the most common presentation of UAV was congestive heart failure due to congenital aortic stenosis, and the most common lesion was isolated aortic stenosis, reported in 19 cases (32%). Associated anomalies included 22 cases (37%) of aortic coarctation, seven (12%) with ventricular septal defect (VSD), three (5%) with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and three (5%) with aortic aneurysm. The preoperative diagnosis of UAV was rare, and 33 cases (55%) of pediatric UAV were reported at autopsy or at pathological examination of the surgically excised valves. A total of 26 cases (43%) was treated with either balloon valvoplasty or surgical valvotomy or commissurotomy. Conclusion: UAV shares many of the features of bicuspid aortic valve, including valvular dysfunction, aortic dilatation, aortic dissection, and dystrophic calcification. The importance of an early diagnosis of UAV lies in its risk of sudden cardiac death and association with other congenital anomalies, such as PDA, VSD, anomalous coronary arteries, and coarctation of the aorta. Further investigations of UAV are warranted in the pediatric age group with regards to familial incidence, associated aortic histopathological changes, the ideal follow up to monitor complications, and surgical intervention.

Keywords: Artery, Coarctation, Cochrane, Databases, Diagnosis, Dilatation, Disease, Dissection, Embase, Follow-Up, Frequency, History, Improved Survival, Intervention, Literature, Medical, Medline, Methods, Patent, Pediatric, Quality-Of-Life, Review, Risk, Science, Stenosis, Surgical, Systematic, Systematic Review, Valvotomy, Web of Science