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Pathology of lung, upper airways and pleura
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səhifə | 9/10 | tarix | 22.03.2024 | ölçüsü | 26,16 Kb. | | #183057 |
| pathology-of-lung-upper-airways-and-pleura - local spread
- lungs, mediastinum
- pericardium, pleura
- lymphatic nodes
- hilar, mediastinal, paratracheal
- distant metastases
- liver, brain, adrenals, bone
- !!! poor prognosis: 5-year survival 14% !!!
- biologic therapy – TKIs of EGFR and of ALK
Summary Pleural effusion - 1. hydrothorax – transudate
- 2. pleuritis + exudate
- pulmonary infections + TBC
- neoplasms (lung, mesothelioma)
- pulmonary infarction
- viral pleuritis
- complications
- suppurative, fibrinous pleuritis organization adhesions + calcification
- 3. pneumothorax – air in pleural sac
- lung disease (emphysema, abscess, carcinoma)
- thoracic wall injury (rib fracture)
- complications
- mediastinum shift + lung compression
- 4. hemothorax – blood in pleural sac
- thoracic aorta aneurysm rupture
- 5. chylothorax – lymph in pleural sac
- obstruction of lymphatic ducts (mediastinal neoplasms)
Mesothelioma - rare malignant tumor of mesothelial cells
- asbestos exposure + long latent period
- grossly
- lung ensheathed by yellow-white firm / gelatinous mass + pleural obliteration
- invasion into lung + thoracic wall
- microscopically
- epithelial + sarcomatoid + biphasic
- poor prognosis
Summary - 1. Atelectasis
- 2. Obstructive lung diseases
- 3. Restrictive lung diseases
- 4. Vascular lung diseases
- 5. Pulmonary infections
- 6. Lung tumors
- 7. Pleural lesions
- 8. Lesions of upper RT
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