Problem:
Wild forests rich in species are being destroyed. This is
especially true in the tropics, a geography that enables cattle grazing,
soybean and palm oil cultivation.
Today, approximately 30 percent of the earth is covered with
forests. However, 11 thousand
years ago, when mankind started farming,
there were twice as many forests on earth. 7.3 million hectares of forests
are destroyed every year, especially in the tropics. While tropical forests
cover approximately 15 percent of the planet, today this rate is around 6-7
percent. This remaining ratio is declining due to
logging and burning
activities. In addition, natural forests trap carbon, preventing its spread to
the
atmosphere and oceans, and contributing to the continuation of
biodiversity.
The solution:
Conserving what is left of native forests and restoring areas
that have already been destroyed by planting native tree species. This of
course requires a good and fair management culture. In practice, however,
most tropical countries are still developing
countries, with growing
populations, unstable legal systems, and widespread favoritism and bribery
in the context of land use allocation.
3. Extinction of species
Problem:
Endangered wild animals are hunted today for their meat, teeth
or various 'medicinal' products. The seas are cleared
of their fish
populations by huge industrial fishing vessels equipped with bottom
trawlers and purse seiners. The destruction of its natural habitat is one of
the main factors contributing to the extinction wave, and there is only one
responsible for this factor: Humans. New threatened
species are constantly
being added to the 'Red List' of the International Union for Conservation of
Nature (IUCN), and the list continues to grow.
Rhinos hunted for their horns, which,
contrary to popular belief, do not have any medical
benefits
The problem is not just the inherent right of different species to continue to
exist: they also produce certain products and 'services' that are vital to the
survival of us humans. For example, bees are 'necessary' in
the context of
the foods we consume.
Solution:
Organized political and social effort and cooperation are needed
to prevent biodiversity from continuing to disappear. Protecting and
restoring natural habitats is one side of this process, while producing
protection mechanisms against illegal hunting and
wildlife trade is the other
side. Moreover, these steps must be carried out in cooperation with the
locals in any case, in order to align with the social and economic interests
of the locals living in these regions.
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