Essentials of. Complementary and. Alternative. Medicine eBook-een

1995;10:395–405. 

35. Ernst E, Resch KL, Hill S. Do complementary pr actitioners have a better bedside manner than 

physicians? [letter]. J R Soc Med 1997;90:118–119. 

36. Chesworth J. The ecology of health: identifying issues and alternatives. Thousand Oaks, CA: 

Sage, 1996. 

 

 

36a. ES. A systems theory approach to an expanded medical model: a challenge for biomedicine. J 

Altern Complement Med 1995;2:187–196. 

37. Kleinman A, Eisenberg L, Good B. Culture, illness, and care: clinical lessons from anthropologic 

and cross-cultural research. Ann Intern Med 1978;88:251–258. 

38. McCamy JC, Presley J. Human life styling–keeping whole in the 20th century. New York: Harper 

Colophon Books, 1975:191. 

38a. Ornish D, Scherwitz LW, Billings JH, et al. Intensive lifestyle changes for reversal of coronary 

heart disease. JAMA 1998;280:2001–2007. 

39. Orme-Johnson DW. An innovative approach to reducing medical care utilization and expenditures. 

Am J Man Care 1997;3:135–144. 

39a. Levin JS, Larson DB, Puchalski CM. Religion and spirituality in medicine: research and 

education. JAMA 1997;278:792–793. 

39b. Dossey L. Meaning and medicine. New York: Bantum Books, 1991. 

40. Jonas WB, Jacobs J. Healing with homeopathy. New York: Warner, 1996. 

41. Steel K, Gertman PM, Crescenzi C, Anderson J. Iatrogenic illness on a general medical service at 

a university hospital. N Engl J Med 1981;304:638– 

42. Lazarou J, Pomeranz BH, Corey PN. Incidence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients: 

a meta-analysis of prospective studies. JAMA 1998;279:1200–1205. 

43. Vincent C, Furnham A. Why do patients turn to complementary medicine? An empirical study. Br J 

Clin Psychol 1996;35:37–48. 

44. Ernst E. Bitter pills of nature: safety issues in complementary medicine. Pain 1995;60:237–238. 

P.14

---

45. Jonas WB. Safety in complementary medicine. In: Ernst E, ed. Complementary medicine: an 

objective appraisal. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1996:126–149. 

46. Cassileth BR, Lusk EJ, Guerry D, et al. Survival and quality of life among patients on unproven 

versus conventional cancer therapy. N Engl J Med 1991;324:1180–1185. 

47. Smith S, Freeland M, Heffler S, et al. The next ten years of health spending: what does the future 

hold? Health Affairs 1998;17:128–140. 

47a. Panel on Traditional Medicine. Developing a research agenda for traditional medicine. Bodeker 

J, ed. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, 1997. 

48. Sobel DS. Rethinking medicine: improving health outcomes with cost-effective psychosocial 

interventions. Psychosom Med 1995;57:234–44. 

49. Fox E. Predominance of the curative model  of medical care: a residual problem. JAMA 

1997;278:761–763. 

50. Starr P. The social transformation of American medicine. San Francisco: Basic Books (a division 

of Harper Collins Publishers), 1982:514. 

51. Eddy DM. Should we change the rules for evaluating medical technologies. In: Gelijns AC, ed. 

Modern methods of clinical investigation. Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 1990:117–134. 

52. Horton R. The rhetoric of research. BMJ 1995; 310:985–987. 

53. Kaptchuk TJ. Intentional ignorance: the history of blind assessment and placebo controls in 

medicine. Bull Hist Med 1998;72:389–433. 

54. Leibrich J. Measurement of efficacy: a case for holistic research. Comp Med Res 1990;4:21–25. 

55. Taylor JFN. Clinical trials and the acceptance of uncertainty. BMJ 1987;294:1111–1112. 

56. Egger M, Smith GD. Misleading meta-analysis. BMJ 1995;310. 

57. Thomas KB. The placebo in general practice. Lancet 1994;344:1066–1067. 

58. Jonas WB. Therapeutic labeling and the 80% rule. Bridges 1994:5:1, 4–6. 

59. Roberts AH, Kewman DG, Mercier L, Hovell M. The power of nonspecific effects in healing: 

---

implications for psychological and biological treatments. Clin Psychol Rev 1993;13:375–391. 

60. Bowers TG, Clum GA. Relative contribution of specific and nonspecific treatment effects: meta-

analysis of placebo-controlled behavior therapy research. Psychol Bull 1988;103:315–323. 

60a. Kirsch I, Spirstein G. Listening to Prozac but hearing placebo: a meta-analysis of antidepressant 

medication. Prevention Treatment 1998;1:0002a. 

61. Pratt CM. The cardiac arrhythmia suppression trial. Introduction: the aftermath of the CAST–a 

reconsideration of traditional concepts. Am J Cardiol 1990;65:1b–2b. 

62. Colditz GA, Miller JN, Mosteller F. How study design affects outcomes in comparisons of therapy. 

I: Medical. Stat Med 1989;8:441–454. 

63. Melchart D, Linde K, Liao JZ, et al. Systematic clinical auditing in complementary medicine: 

rationale, concept, and a pilot study. Alt Therap Health Med 1997;3:33–39. 

64. Standish LJ, Calabrese C, Reeves C, et al. A scientific plan for the evaluation of alternative 

medicine in the treatment of HIV/AIDS. Alt Therap Health Med 1997;3:58–67. 

 

 

65. Pincus T. Analyzing long-term outcomes of clinical care without randomized controlled clinical 

trials: the consecutive patient questionnaire database. Advances 1997;13:3–31. 

66. Pomeranz B. Acupuncture research related to pain, drug addiction and nerve regeneration. In: 

Pomeranz B, Stux G, eds. Scientific bases of acupuncture. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 

1989:35–52. 

67. Scofield AM. Experimental research in homoeopathy. Br Hom J 1984;73:161–181, 211–225. 

68. Davenas E, Beauvais J, Oberbaum M, et al. Human basophil degranulation triggered by very 

dilute antiserum against IgE. Nature 1988;333: 816–818. 

69. Ovelgonne JH, Bol AW, Hop WC, van Wijk R. Mechanical agitation of very dilute antiserum 

against IgE has no effect on basophil staining properties. Experientia 1992;48:504–508. 

70. Linde K, Jonas WB, Melchart D, et al. Critical review and meta-analysis of serial agitated dilutions 

in experimental toxicology. Hum Exp Toxicol 1994;13:481–492. 

71. Bellavite P, Signorini A. Homeopathy–a frontier in medical science. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic 

Books, 1995:335. 

P.15

---