38
(d)
Identify key informants/ actors / indicator communities or households within the market system who could
play a role in on-going market monitoring. Start identifying monitoring indicators for example:
-
Trader use of coping mechanisms
-
Patterns in price/ volume/ demand/ supply fluctuations
-
Trader numbers
-
Changes in access to financial services, transport and other essential services
-
Changes in the policy environment
Step 7 and 8: Final Gap and Market Analysis
(a)
Talk through potential responses with key informants/ market actors and discuss direct and indirect
responses for disaster mitigation and response as well as their impacts.
(b)
Consider a timeframe of potential responses (direct and in-direct) as the situation worsens.
(c)
Start considering monitoring indicators and where, how and when they would be collected and analysed.
Step 9: Response Recommendations
(a)
Consider activities that could be implemented now that would have a positive impact on future market
system behaviour and capacity. This is particularly pertinent when forecasted/ predicted maps indicate less
favourable conditions in the future.
(b)
Identify as much as possible mitigation responses and their ‘follow-up’ responses that may be needed at a
later date.
(c)
In addition to reviewing feasibility of responses, assess cost efficiency and effectiveness for potential responses.
(d)
Keep in mind gender related analysis – to what extent are proposed activities and the manner they shall be
implemented have a positive impact on gender and the empowerment of women?
(e)
Consider carefully monitoring indicators that could be utilised to monitor household/ community resilience
and vulnerability via a monitoring system.
Step 11: Monitoring Indicators
(a)
Developing monitoring systems that will keep the maps ‘alive’ and applicable for longer and therefore reduce
the immediate need for another detailed assessment.
(b)
Significant and influential ‘triggers’ (Steps 4, 5, and 6) should be incorporated into a monitoring system.
(c)
In slow onset disasters, additional indicators that are more sensitive and specific to target populations (e.g.
households or traders) can be introduced
at a later date, as the situation deteriorates.
(d)
Emergency indicators: make sure that the indicators have limits that result in some form of decision or
response. For example: when the price of rice reaches ‘X’ price, this signifies an emergency and we shall
intervene with ‘1, 2 and 3’ (including more detailed analysis). Using IPC and such like classification tables can
be useful as discussed in the sector assessment section.
Context
EMMA Added Value
Lessons Learnt
Liberia:
Slow onset,
Refugees
EMMA hugely influenced programme design –
commended as innovative and appropriate.
Demonstrated the need to combine responses
to include food (as a seed protection ration),
cash/vouchers and agricultural inputs.
Allowed OGB to engage in successful field level
advocacy regarding the EMMA toolkit and
combined approaches.
At times, EMMA was understood by other organisations
as a
cash feasibility study
Other organisations pursued cash activities without full
understanding of the market. This meant that critical
agricultural labour was siphoned off to CFW programmes.
Cash grants give did not meet the needs that they were
supposed to.
The choice of critical markets could have included the
market for agricultural inputs.
Chad:
Livelihood
crises
(exacerbated by impact
of Libyan crisis and
govt, market regulation
measures)
Provided specific learning for the Sahelian
context.
Highlighted need for EMMA contextualization to specificities
of slow onset crises and the Sahelian context (definition of
shock, linkage with HEA and other FS and LH and monitoring
and analysis systems, use of baselines and monitoring of
market data).
Need to establish clearer links with established regional
market analysis information sources and processes.
39
Annexes
How can I access EMMA Guidance and EMMA materials?
The EMMA website
http://emma-toolkit.org/
contains some technical support documents (field templates,
EMMA leaders guide and EMMA reports) that are downloadable. Attached to the back cover of the EMMA Toolkit
is a CD with additional guidance materials including a comprehensive section on price monitoring.
Section: EMMA Introduction
Table illustrating where EMMA has been used (countries/ context (rapid onset/ DRR/ slow onset)
Link
Country
Year
Language
Partner
Market System
Area
Link
DRC
2013 French
UNICEF, Pooled Fund RDC,
Village Assaini, OXFAM
Drinking water
Bukavu
Link
DRC
2013 French
UNICEF, Pooled Fund RDC,
Village Assaini, OXFAM
Water treatment material
Bukavu
Link
DRC
2013 French
UNICEF, Pooled Fund RDC,
Village Assaini, OXFAM
Latrines
Bukavu
Link
Ethiopia
2012 English
Oxfam
Water Trucking
Harshin
Chad
2012 French
Oxfam
Grains
Kanem, Bahr El Gazal
Link
Sri Lanka
2012 English
Oxfam, ECHO
Masonry Labor
Northern Province,
Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu
Districts
Link
Sri Lanka
2012 English
Oxfam, ECHO
Red Rice
Northern Province,
Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu
Districts
Link
Sri Lanka
2012 English
Oxfam, ECHO
Credit Market
Northern Province,
Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu
Districts
Link
Sri Lanka
2012 English
Oxfam, ECHO
Milking Cow
Northern Province,
Kilinochchi and Mullaitivu
Districts
Link
Cote D'Ivoire
2011 English
IRC, Oxfam, ECHA, Save the
Children, Action Against Hunger
Rice Seed
West
Link
Cote D'Ivoire
2011 English
IRC, Oxfam, ECHA, Save the
Children, Action Against Hunger
Dried Fish
West
Liberia
2011 English
Oxfam GB
Imported Rice
Grand Gedeh County
Liberia
2011 English
Oxfam GB
Agricultural Labor
Grand Gedeh County
South Sudan
2011 English
Mercy Corps, NRC
Okra seeds
Warrup and Gazal States
South Sudan
2011 English
Mercy Corps, NRC
Iron sheets
Warrup and Gazal States
South Sudan
2011 English
Mercy Corps, NRC
Metal for malodas
Warrup and Gazal States
Link
Kenya
2011 English
Mercy Corps
rice
Wajir County
Link
Kenya
2011 English
Mercy Corps
maize
Wajir County
Link
Kenya
2011 English
Mercy Corps
Beans
Wajir County
Link
Chad
2011 French
Oxfam
Millet
Mangalme, Nord Guera
Link
Sri Lanka
2011 English
USAID/ OFDA
Rice
Northern Province
Link
Libya
2011 English
WFP, IRC, FAO
Wheat Flour
East
Link
Libya
2011 English
WFP, IRC, FAO
Tomato
East
Haiti
2010 English
IRC, ARC, HRC, IFRC, Save, Mercy
Corps, Oxfam GB, ACDI VOCA,
WFP, FEWS/NET
Bean
Port au Prince
Crucial Pre-EMMA
Preparation
Step 1
Essential
Preparation
Step 2
Critical Market
Selection
Step 3
Preliminary
Analysis
Step 4,5,6
Data Collection
and Final Mapping
Step 7, 8
Final Gap and
Market Analysis
Step 9
Response
Recommendations
Step 10
Communicating
Results
Monitoring