Content Introduction. The concept of health and its functional manifestations. Student lifestyle, its relationship with health level. The role of physical culture in ensuring health Conclusion Bibliography Introduction

2. Student’s lifestyle, its relationship with the level of health

Lifestyle is a system of relationships between a person and himself and environmental factors. In this case, environmental factors are divided into physical (pressure, radiation, temperature), chemical (food, water, toxic substances), biological (plants, microorganisms, animals), mental (affecting the emotional sphere through vision, touch, smell, taste, hearing and causing a positive or negative reaction).

Speaking about another component of the concept of “lifestyle” - a person’s relationship with himself, it should be noted that this is a complex set of actions and experiences, the presence of useful habits that strengthen the natural resource of health, the absence of harmful ones that destroy it. Thus, lifestyle is a way of experiencing life situations, and living conditions are the activities of people in a certain habitat, in which one can distinguish the environmental situation, educational qualifications, psychological situation in the mine and macro environment, life and arrangement of one’s home. It follows that lifestyle directly affects human health, and living conditions at the same time seem to indirectly affect health.
Thus, a healthy lifestyle can be characterized as an active activity of people aimed, first of all, at maintaining and improving their own health. It is necessary to take into account that the way of life of a person and family does not develop on its own depending on circumstances, but is formed throughout a person’s life purposefully and constantly.
The formation of a healthy lifestyle is the main lever for primary prevention and strengthening the health of the population through changing lifestyles, improving their health using hygienic knowledge in the fight against bad habits, physical inactivity and overcoming unfavorable aspects associated with life situations.
Unfortunately, in our country, work to introduce a healthy lifestyle as a norm for each individual person is carried out spontaneously, so the implementation of a healthy lifestyle is slow and its effect is low.
Education and health are social categories, i.e. public. The health of society can be judged by the following indicators: birth rate, mortality, morbidity rate, life expectancy. If the birth rate is high, the death rate is low, members of a society rarely get sick and live long, we can say about such a society that it is quite healthy .
An objective indicator that determines the possibilities for a healthy lifestyle is the state of health. A healthy lifestyle is an active state that requires a person’s volitional efforts and meaningful actions, predicting the consequences both for himself and for other people, including possible offspring. The latter is especially important if you think about the fact that the health and happiness of the next generation depend on the health of the current generation.
A healthy lifestyle is a set of health measures that ensures harmonious development and strengthening of health, increasing people's performance, and prolonging their creative and physical longevity.
Lifestyle includes the basic activity of a person, which includes work, social, psycho-intellectual , physical activity, communication and everyday relationships.
As noted above, there is currently an increase in the number of students suffering from a wide variety of chronic acquired diseases. Thus, in modern universities, one of the main tasks, in addition to teaching and providing schoolchildren with certain practical and theoretical knowledge, has become the preservation and strengthening of students.
Thus, speaking about the peculiarities of the lifestyle of students, it is worth noting first of all that student age is characterized by work on the formation of one’s personality and the development of a behavioral style. This is a time for young people to search for answers to a variety of moral, ethical, aesthetic, scientific, general cultural, political and other kinds of questions. The formation of a personality, one’s “I”, goes from the external appearance to what determines the core, the core of the personality - to its character and worldview.
During the student period, the most active mastery of the full range of social roles of an adult, including civil, socio-political, professional and labor. Student age is characterized by some disharmony, when the desires and aspirations of young people develop faster and earlier than the will and strength of character. The routine of students' lives and, in particular, its elements such as orderliness, organization, systematicity, and discipline are an important condition for successful educational activities.
A careful attitude towards health must be actively cultivated precisely during the student years, when basic habits and organization of work activities during the day are established. However, young people often violate basic rules of household hygiene, nutrition, etc. Thus, according to research, up to 27% of students living in dormitories leave for classes without having breakfast . In this case, training sessions are held with a decrease in performance by 9-21%. Up to 38% of students take hot meals 2 times a day, while the Institute of Nutrition recommends students 4 meals a day, meaning organizing a second breakfast after 11 o'clock. Going to bed for 87% of students living in dormitories lasts up to 1-2 hours at night , as a result of which they do not get enough sleep, which affects mental performance during the school day by 7-18% compared to when sleep is organized Fine. In addition, some students (34%) resort to 1-3 hour naps during the day due to chronic lack of sleep.
Up to 59% of students begin self-study within 20 to 24 hours. Its duration is on average 2.5-3.4 hours, so a significant proportion of students complete it after midnight . Studying at such a late time requires increased expenditure of nervous energy, affecting the quality of sleep. About 36% of students are engaged in self-preparation and on weekends intended for rest and recuperation. Up to 62% of students spend less than 30 minutes a day in the fresh air, and 29% - up to 1 hour, with a hygienic norm of 2 hours a day. At the same time , less than 2% of students resort to various hardening procedures, which results in outbreaks of colds in the autumn-winter and winter-spring periods, covering up to 80% of students.
At the same time, a scientifically based daily routine should be based on an analysis of the costs of educational, extracurricular and free time in accordance with hygienically acceptable standards. As a result, it becomes clear that a student’s daily time budget consists of two halves: 12 hours of training (classroom and independent) and 12 hours allocated for body restoration (sleep, rest, self-care) and personal development (hobby classes, social activities, everyday and friendly communication, physical education and sports). At the same time, weekends and non-school days contain 12 reserve hours. Thus, when developing an optimal daily routine, one should take into account the specified distribution of various types of activities during the day, correctly distribute and establish the correct sequence of alternating work and rest.
Thus, the basis of a rational daily regimen is the rhythmic correct alternation of work and rest, as well as other types of activity, and should be based on the laws of biological rhythms. With a correct and strictly observed daily routine, a certain rhythm of the body’s functioning is developed, as a result of which a person can most effectively perform specific types of work at a certain time.
We must also not forget that nutritional culture plays a significant role in the formation of a healthy lifestyle for students. Every student should know the principles of rational nutrition and regulate their own body weight. Rational nutrition is a physiologically complete food intake by people, taking into account gender, age, nature of work and other factors. At the same time , among other things, an important aspect of nutritional culture is the diet and the distribution of caloric content of food during the day. It is worth approaching the development of a diet on a purely individual basis, but following the main rule of its organization is to eat well at least 3-4 times a day. It is also worth remembering that having chosen one or another food regimen, you must strictly adhere to it, since sudden changes in diet and food stress can have a rather negative effect on the human body.
Rational nutrition is a factor that largely determines health. Food is a specific combination of food items consisting of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, mineral salts and water. The daily need for energy and nutrients is covered by food, while some of the necessary vitamins are formed in the intestines.
In the modern direction of medicine - natural hygiene, naturopathy - great importance is attached to natural health-improving nutrition. As a rule, all supporters of naturopathic nutrition are preachers of limiting the intake of high-calorie foods by avoiding animal products, the main sources of protein and fat. At the same time , they also pay great attention to the fasting system, which helps cleanse the body.
Bad habits are not compatible with physical education and sports. Smoking, alcohol and drug use have detrimental effects on health and significantly reduce mental and physical performance. Thus, to organize a healthy lifestyle and improve your own physical condition and health, you need to give up bad habits and not return to them.
Hardening is a system of measures aimed at increasing the body's resistance to various environmental influences (cold, heat, solar radiation, low atmospheric pressure). Hardening is of particular importance in the prevention of colds. At the same time, you can start hardening at almost any age, although the earlier it starts, the more stable the body will be and the stronger the health. However , it should be borne in mind that in case of acute diseases and exacerbations of chronic diseases, hardening cannot be done, and during the hardening process it is necessary to systematically consult with a doctor and check the effectiveness of the procedures performed. The main means of hardening are water, air and sun.
Various types of reflection, food consumption, procedures related to personal hygiene - all this, of course, absorbs part of our time, but basically a person’s life is spent on work and rest. At the same time , their reasonable regimen is another factor in a healthy lifestyle.
At student age, the physical maturation of the body is completed. For example, by the age of 18-10, the formation of vegetative functions is completed and a high level of their interaction is achieved. By this time , endurance, one of the most important motor qualities for real human activity, is 85% of the value of this indicator in adults. At 20-29 years of age, its development reaches its highest level. In this age range, the body maintains high performance and an overall high level of functional activity.
Speaking about the main components of a healthy lifestyle, it is worth saying again that among them it is customary to highlight:
work and rest schedule;
sleep organization
daily regime;
organization of motor activity;
compliance with sanitation, hygiene and hardening requirements;
prevention of bad habits;
culture of interpersonal communication;
psychophysical regulation of the body;
culture of sexual behavior.
Personal hygiene includes a rational daily regimen, body and oral care, hygiene of clothing and shoes. Knowledge of the rules of personal hygiene is necessary for every person, since their strict adherence helps to improve health and increase mental and physical performance.
Among other things, an important factor in developing a healthy lifestyle for students is the culture of sexual behavior. Speaking about this factor, first of all it must be said that sexual behavior is one of the important aspects of the social behavior of any person. The general level of sexual culture of any person forms the erotic ritual of courtship and sexual technique. By regulating the most important aspects of sexual behavior, culture leaves room for individual or variable variations, the content of which will vary significantly.
At the same time , 17-15 years is the age of maximum activity of sex hormones, and the basis of sexual attention (a beautiful figure, posture, etc.) is physical attractiveness, which is why it is necessary to pay special attention to physical and bodily culture, to form and improve one’s own physique in the required direction, especially during student years. In this sense, physical education and sports play a central role, which means they can significantly help in this area of developing a healthy lifestyle for students.