Q
quality of life, xi, 247, 248, 251, 252
quantification, 95
questionnaire, 295
R
race, xiii, 2, 112, 122, 135, 181, 183, 219, 231, 287,
291, 292, 316
racial groups, 291
radiation, 128, 139, 201, 204, 306
radicals, ix, 107, 108, 115, 118, 191
radiography, 174, 201
random, 290
Index
373
range, 290, 295, 296, 298, 331, 334, 335, 338
RANKL, 298, 309, 313
rat, 293, 296, 298, 317, 341
rats, 293, 298, 309, 310, 314, 315, 317, 332, 343,
348
reactants, 234
reactions, 48, 59, 218, 230, 295
reactive groups, 261
reactive oxygen, 101, 112, 115, 125, 129, 135, 275
reactivity, xi, 134, 215, 220
reading, 339
real time, 139
reality, 76, 77
recall, 51, 102, 109, 110, 212
receptors, xii, 126, 222, 227, 266, 273, 274, 277,
280, 282, 284, 297, 298, 301, 302, 311, 314, 327,
331, 332, 339, 350
recession, vii, x, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28,
29, 31, 32, 39, 111, 121, 122, 132, 138, 150, 171,
172, 173, 174, 181, 182, 195, 197, 219, 288, 292,
308
recognition, 62, 268, 300, 302
recommendations, 261
reconstruction, 2, 13, 90, 91, 201
recovery, 41, 43, 60, 294, 346
recurrence, x, xiii, 40, 121, 138, 184, 185, 280, 287,
289, 297, 302, 305, 313
regenerate, 129
regeneration, 5, 13, 14, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25, 28, 58,
89, 101, 119, 124, 132, 184, 192, 193, 194, 197,
199, 280, 290, 291, 336
regression, 72, 186, 306
regression analysis, 72
regression model, 306
regular, 289
regulation, 298, 313, 315, 322, 324, 327, 328, 332,
333, 334, 336, 337, 339, 346, 351
rehabilitation, 68, 173
rejection, 189, 231, 277
relapses, 138
relationship, 288, 292, 295, 296, 298, 312, 317, 318,
319, 337, 338
relationships, 340, 341
relativity, 69
relevance, 14, 243, 244, 349
relief, 84, 169
remodelling, 100, 104, 105
renal failure, 245
renal replacement therapy, 231
repair, 28, 89, 96, 101, 129, 158, 194, 279, 285, 304,
335, 336
replacement, 35, 231, 316
reproduction, 13, 133, 194
reproductive organs, 325
researchers, xiii, 96, 148, 216, 293, 295, 301, 322
resection, 193, 194
residues, 225, 350
resistance, 91, 99, 106, 148, 170, 226, 228, 229, 241,
243, 252, 296, 331
resolution, 95, 221
respiratory, 324, 327, 344
responsiveness, 300, 308
restitution, 75
restoration, viii, 16, 67, 68, 69, 73, 74, 76, 78, 81, 82,
84, 85, 177, 195, 199, 200, 201, 303
restorations, xiii, 287, 304, 306, 308, 309, 317
restorative material, 83
restrictions, 73
retardation, 58
retention loss, 74
reticulum, 327
retinopathy, 184, 228
reverse transcriptase, 332
rheumatic diseases, 223, 238, 239
rheumatoid arthritis, xi, xii, 116, 215, 217, 219, 235,
236, 238, 239, 240, 273, 274, 282
rheumatoid factor, 240
ribosomal RNA, 63
rings, 305
risk assessment, 61, 87, 118, 179, 180, 304, 305,
306, 313, 318
risk factors, x, xiii, 86, 109, 112, 113, 117, 121, 132,
164, 180, 189, 190, 219, 221, 228, 230, 231, 232,
234, 235, 242, 244, 245, 248, 250, 274, 280, 287,
289, 291, 297, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305,
307, 308, 309, 312, 313, 315
risk profile, 164, 305, 306
risks, 6, 149, 166, 182, 186, 188, 189, 229, 248, 254,
304, 317
RNA, 63, 333
rodent, 315
Romania, 1
room temperature, 259
root, vii, xiii, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15,
16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
44, 45, 62, 73, 75, 89, 94, 101, 108, 109, 118, 124,
125, 133, 134, 145, 158, 161, 164, 168, 172, 174,
178, 180, 190, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197, 199, 206,
Index
374
207, 210, 212, 217, 218, 280, 287, 294, 303, 304,
306
root canal treatment, 45, 62
roots, 4, 8, 21, 28, 158, 179, 193
rubber, 200
rural, 292
S
safety, 76, 289
saliva, ix, xiii, 33, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 54, 56, 64,
65, 94, 96, 100, 102, 103, 104, 113, 114, 117, 122,
123, 139, 222, 225, 230, 231, 271, 321, 322, 325,
326, 329, 338, 347, 349
salivary gland, 96, 113, 325, 326, 328, 340, 346, 347,
349
salivary glands, 96, 325, 326, 328, 340, 346, 347, 349
salt, 329, 330, 343
salt concentration, 329, 330
sample, 289, 332
saturated fat, 248, 249
scaling, 89, 101, 109, 118, 124, 168, 172, 180, 206,
207, 210, 212, 218, 280, 294
scars, 12
scatter, 201
scavenger, 333
scheduling, 87
school, 64, 255
science, 23, 77, 92, 237
sclerosis, 233
scoliosis, 233
scope, 194, 196, 252, 323, 329
scores, 299, 304, 306, 309
screening, 109, 110, 139, 252, 254
search, 301, 349
searching, 325
secrete, 98, 148, 158, 275, 284, 295
secretion, 220, 227, 229, 234, 278, 295, 315, 316,
317, 328, 340
seeding, 259
self-control, 225
self-efficacy, 252, 256
self-reports, 251
senescence, 57, 181
sensation, 210
sensitivity, 2, 48, 95, 99, 102, 103, 109, 110, 138,
146, 168, 170, 186, 228
separation, 350
sepsis, 277, 331, 343
septic shock, xii, 273, 274, 277, 278
septum, 298
series, 298
serine, 330, 345
serotonin, 232
serum, ix, 93, 96, 101, 106, 115, 116, 128, 168, 185,
224, 225, 228, 229, 231, 241, 245, 259, 260, 261,
265, 267, 298, 313, 316, 329
SES, 183
severity, xiii, 287, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292, 299, 300,
301, 303, 304, 312, 317, 318
sex, 182, 185
sex ratio, 182
sex steroid, 185
shape, 3, 68, 110, 140, 154, 156, 158, 174, 198, 264
shock, ix, 108, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120,
218
showing, ix, xi, 48, 56, 107, 109, 145, 148, 247, 278,
281, 329
shrinkage, 9, 16, 145, 146
sialic acid, 187
side effects, 210
signal peptide, 326, 328
signaling, 332, 340, 341, 344, 345, 346, 349
signaling pathway, 278, 332, 339, 344, 345, 349
signalling, 282
signs, 44, 45, 51, 57, 73, 88, 110, 122, 139, 145, 149,
162, 166, 168, 169, 170, 174, 179, 200, 226, 227
similarity, 299
Singapore, 240
single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), 301, 314,
316
sinuses, 203
sinusitis, 218
sites, 288, 292, 298, 302, 303, 305, 306, 331, 346
skeleton, 234
skin, 218, 324, 325, 326, 328, 336, 337, 340, 344,
347, 348, 351
skin diseases, 337
skin disorders, 325
small intestine, 323, 326, 345
smoke, 293, 294, 309, 316
smoke exposure, 126, 134, 293, 316
smokers, 292, 293, 294, 318
smoking, x, xiii, 16, 17, 22, 69, 111, 112, 121, 122,
123, 124, 126, 127, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135,
139, 164, 169, 186, 190, 191, 219, 221, 224, 231,
234, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 256, 283, 287, 292,
293, 294, 296, 298, 299, 301, 304, 305, 307, 308,
309, 310,
묈
311, 312, 313, 314, 316, 318, 319
smoking cessation, 133, 135, 169, 248, 251, 256, 283
Index
375
smooth muscle, 220, 285, 332, 336, 347, 351
smooth muscle cells, 285, 332, 351
snacking, 254
social life, 110, 248
social support, 294
socioeconomic, xiii, 287, 291, 292, 316
socioeconomic status, xiii, 183, 221, 224, 287, 292
sodium, 27, 210, 232
software, 144, 203, 262, 264
solution, 8, 15, 143, 238, 261, 349
somatic cell, 284
species, viii, xii, 32, 33, 41, 42, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51,
52, 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 63, 64, 65, 66,
101, 111, 112, 114, 115, 116, 125, 129, 134, 135,
150, 177, 180, 188, 219, 221, 228, 234, 258, 267,
271, 273, 274, 275, 276, 280, 294, 300, 302, 323,
329
spectrum, 293, 323, 340
speculation, 58
spermatozoa, 346
spinal cord, 233
spine, 188, 232, 298
splinting, viii, 67, 69, 73, 74, 75, 89, 91
Spring, 235
sprue, 226
SPT, 313
sputum, 222
squamous cell, 242, 325
squamous cell carcinoma, 242, 325
Sri Lanka, 288, 313
stability, 12, 13, 21, 64, 71, 74, 102, 105, 206
stabilization, 11, 13, 74, 87, 89, 323
stages, 288, 329, 337
stakeholders, 252
standard deviation, 263, 265, 297
Staphylococcus, 323, 324, 330, 346, 349
Staphylococcus aureus, 323, 324, 330, 346, 349
state, 35, 71, 73, 74, 85, 109, 158, 174, 185, 228,
229, 230, 237, 250, 280, 294, 298, 310, 326, 338
states, 98, 174, 186, 274, 331, 339
statistics, 241
sterile, 47, 140, 198, 199, 260, 266
steroids, 225
stimulus, 240
stomatitis, 36
storage, 327
strain, 294, 341, 345
strains, 329, 330
strategies, 288, 295
stratification, 245
streptococci, 65, 132, 347
stress, vii, viii, x, xiii, 67, 75, 76, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83,
84, 91, 92, 108, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117,
118, 119, 120, 123, 164, 192, 219, 229, 239, 240,
243, 287, 294, 295, 296, 301, 307, 309, 314, 315,
317, 318
stressors, 294
stroke, 113, 138, 151, 233
structural characteristics, 114
structure, viii, x, xiii, 8, 67, 133, 153, 158, 200, 251,
276, 277, 299, 321, 323, 344, 348, 349
students, 293, 295, 311
style, 255
subacute, 218
subgroups, 183
substances, 293
substitutes, 18
substitution, 56, 66
substrates, 267, 270, 338, 340
subtilisin, 330, 345
subtraction, 175
success rate, 13, 76, 82, 198, 217
sucrose, 132
superimposition, 161
superoxide, 294
suppression, 126, 189, 331
surface component, 258
surgery, 293, 304, 336
surgical, 297, 308, 309, 316
surgical intervention, 21
surgical removal, 216
surgical resection, 194
surgical technique, 8, 10, 11, 16, 28
surgical template, 198
surveillance, 244
survey, 86, 237, 243, 290, 291, 295
survival, viii, 52, 67, 68, 76, 86, 91, 124, 131, 191,
199, 277, 290, 303, 306, 307, 311, 314
survival rate, 303, 306
survivors, 117
susceptibility, vii, ix, xi, xiii, 35, 58, 93, 104, 115, 130,
132, 197, 215, 219, 220, 222, 224, 231, 287, 289,
297, 299, 301, 303, 304, 310, 312, 329, 337, 341,
346, 347
suspensions, 260
suture, 9, 11, 15
sweat, 325, 347
Sweden, 14, 242
swelling, 35, 37, 41, 43, 45, 110, 140, 162, 169, 170,
200, 224, 274
Index
376
Switzerland, 244, 262
sympathetic nervous system, 295
symptoms, 45, 64, 72, 168, 169, 200, 224, 225, 226,
227, 249, 274, 275
syndrome, viii, xi, xiii, 32, 44, 57, 58, 61, 64, 66, 178,
184, 215, 217, 218, 219, 224, 226, 229, 232, 233,
236, 243, 322, 338, 344
synergistic, 330
synergistic effect, 270
synovial fluid, 224, 239
synovial tissue, 224
synthesis, 40, 102, 124, 125, 133, 161, 265, 284,
290, 322, 324, 326, 331, 332, 333, 336, 341, 344,
351
systemic risk, 161
T
T cell, 127, 284, 300, 341, 342, 351
T lymphocytes, 96, 275, 301, 331, 343
tactics, 269
target, 118, 224, 265, 282
TCC, 47
technical support, 149
techniques, vii, viii, 1, 2, 5, 17, 18, 21, 23, 25, 26, 32,
46, 57, 60, 156, 186, 195, 252, 258, 328
technological revolution, ix, 94
technologies, 102, 103
technology, 14, 248, 298
teens, 33
telephone, 251
temperature, 115, 177, 259, 329
tension, 9, 11, 12, 17, 23, 26
testing, 168, 184, 302
testis, 326, 340
testosterone, 232
tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 134
TGA, 47
TGF, 316
Thai, 318
Thailand, 321, 339
thapsigargin, 327
therapeutic agents, 281
therapeutic approaches, xi, xii, 215, 273, 281
therapeutic goal, 164, 167, 168, 194, 197, 280
therapeutic intervention, 94, 102
therapeutic targets, 119
therapeutics, 117, 285
thinning, 145
Thomson, 309, 316
threshold level, 2
thresholds, 291
thrombin, 277, 284
thrombomodulin, 277, 284
thrombosis, 218
thrombus, 185
thymus, 326, 328
thyroiditis, 226
time periods, 164
TIMP, 116, 125, 129
TIMP-1, 116, 129
tissue homeostasis, 148, 337, 339
titanium, 27, 309
TLR, 347
TLR2, 280
TLR4, 280
T-lymphocytes, 333
TNF, ix, xii, 97, 98, 107, 111, 113, 184, 186, 189, 190,
191, 220, 221, 224, 225, 227, 228, 230, 240, 273,
274, 275, 277, 278, 279, 280, 281, 285, 300, 316,
317, 327, 328, 331, 333, 336, 344
TNF-alpha, 184, 240, 285, 344
TNF-
α, ix, 98, 107, 113, 230, 274, 277, 281
tobacco, x, 3, 25, 121, 122, 123, 126, 127, 129, 130,
131, 132, 135, 191, 219, 242, 249, 292, 293, 294,
308, 309, 316
tobacco smoke, 132, 293, 294, 308, 309
tobacco smoking, 122, 127, 131, 219, 293, 316
toll-like, 331
tonsils, 216, 328
toothbrushing, 3, 247, 251, 256
topical anesthetic, 169
topology, 346
total cholesterol, 231
toxic, 293, 339
toxic effect, 129
toxic products, 111, 210
toxic shock syndrome, 218
toxic substances, 293
toxicology, 242
toxin, 347
trachea, 326, 328
trainees, 311
training, 96, 251
transcriptase, 332
transcription, xii, 117, 118, 273, 274, 277, 284, 327,
335, 345
transcription factor, 327, 345
transcription factors, 284
transcriptional, 351
Index
377
transfer, 335
transformation, 73
transglutaminase, 340
transition, 288, 304
translocation, 218, 221, 238, 271
transmission, viii, 32, 53, 54, 61, 65, 71
transparency, 5, 26
transplant, 16, 189, 231, 245
transplant recipients, 245
transplantation, 226
transport, 248
trauma, 3, 21, 22, 23, 34, 71, 72, 73, 74, 87, 88, 89,
110, 176, 178, 179, 195, 198, 199, 201, 226, 233,
274, 283
traumatic events, 13
Treponema denticola, 303, 328, 330, 331, 341
trial, x, 205, 206, 207, 212, 213, 237, 238, 295
trigeminal nerve, 230
trigeminal neuralgia, 218
triggers, xii, 180, 273, 282, 301, 348
trisomy, 57
trochanter, 298
trypsin, 104, 270, 324, 343
tumor, xii, 98, 111, 119, 187, 189, 191, 220, 221,
228, 273, 274, 281, 282, 285, 286, 298, 300, 311,
347
tumor cells, 281
tumor necrosis factor, xii, 98, 111, 119, 189, 191,
220, 221, 273, 274, 282, 285, 286, 298, 300, 311,
347
tumors, 229
tumour growth, 282
Turkey, 251
turnover, 97, 99, 101, 154
twins, 61, 244, 299, 314
type 1 diabetes, 185, 226, 227, 296, 310, 317, 318
type 2 diabetes, xii, 116, 226, 227, 229, 241, 243,
249, 250, 255, 256, 273, 280, 285, 296, 315
type 2 diabetes mellitus, 296
tyrosine, 105
U
ulcer, 218, 335, 344
ulcerative colitis, 232
ulcers, 140
underlying mechanisms, 123
uniform, 109, 110
united, 55, 130, 182, 183, 228, 290, 291, 292, 308,
310, 312, 318
United States, 55, 130, 182, 183, 228, 290, 291, 292,
308, 310, 312, 318
urban, 131, 292, 310
urea, 231
urine, 226, 249
urokinase, 129, 135
urticaria, 218
USA, 2, 47, 63, 117, 139, 207, 255, 259, 261, 262,
306, 339, 340, 349
UV radiation, 128
uveitis, 218, 348
V
vaccination, 339
vagina, 326
validation, 95, 315
validity, 305
valuation, 87, 255, 316
variables, 72, 77, 87, 130, 170, 274, 289, 291, 299,
306
variance, 299
variation, 299, 302, 303, 314
variations, 61, 173, 230, 299, 312, 317, 323, 338
varieties, 58
vasoactive intestinal peptide, 105
vasodilatation, 336
vasodilation, 98
vasopressin, 310
vector, 76, 305, 306
vegetables, 249, 256
vein, 127, 135, 282
vessels, 33, 122, 127, 144, 158, 164, 220, 249, 258,
322, 328, 332
viral infection, 169, 226
virulence, 290, 302, 330, 331
virus, 337, 344
viruses, 163, 222, 323, 337
vision, 249
vitamin C, 131
vitamin D, 112, 324
vitamins, 232
vitiligo, 226
vulnerability, 200
W
war, 269
water, 36, 143, 149, 158, 260, 327
Index
378
water permeability, 327
wavelengths, 262
weakness, 226
weight control, 249
weight loss, 225, 243, 248, 249
Weinberg, 342, 343, 345, 349
well-being, 250
wellness, 304
western blot, 125, 128
white blood cells, 148
wires, 206
women, 291, 297, 298, 312, 316, 318
wool, 207
workers, 333, 334, 335
workplace, 293
World Health Organization (WHO), xi, 247, 248, 250,
251, 254, 256, 297
worldwide, xi, 243, 247, 248, 249, 288, 296
wound healing, 14, 23, 26, 58, 114, 125, 154, 161,
184, 309, 324, 335, 341
Dostları ilə paylaş: |