47
III. Epidemiological
anamnesis
3. Objectively
examination
I. General
examination:
- general state of the
patient;
-skin, mucous
membranes;
II. Gastrointestinal tract:
- tongue;
symptoms depend from the period of the
disease, severity of the course, age of the
patient, concomitant pathology
Pay attention on:
- temperature;
- edema of the face;
- itching;
- skin rash;
Pay attention on:
-
abdominal pain;
- decreased of appetite, heartburn;
- hepatomegaly;
- meteorism;
- jaundice;
- symptoms of peritonitis;
Pay attention on:
- tachycardia;
- decrease of arterial pressure;
- muffed heart sound.
- disorder of heart rhythm;
- sleeplesness
-
irritation
- fatique
- dizziness
- headache
48
- percussion and
palpation of the
abdomen;
III. Cardiovascular
system:
IV. Nervous system
3. 3. Prescribe
laboratory
and
instrumental
investigatio
ns, interpret
the results
of the
investigatio
ns
1. blood count.
2. urinanalysis
3.investigation of feci
4. biochemical methods
5. ultrasound
investigation
6. cholecystography
7. fibro-esphago-gastro-
duodenoscopy
Pay attention on anemia, leukocytosis,
eosinophylia.
Finding of the eggs or proglottids in feci
Dysproteinemia, changes of the
biochemical test (increase of total
bilirubin and it’s fractures, ALT, AST
and other)
THE BEEF TAPEWORM
49
Etiology
Taenairhynchus saginatus
Epidemiology
Anthroponosis. Peroral biohelmintiasis.
The source of the invasion and definitive host is human. The intermediate
host is cattle.
The factor of the transmission is insufficient thermal
processing of the meat
Pathogenesis
cysticercus → small intestine → larvae fixate to mucous membrane
In 2 month 2 месяца → adult worm → discharge
of proglottids filled by eggs
Mechanic action
lesion of the mucous membrane in the site
of the fixation of parazite
irritation of the interoreceptors
disorders of the absorbtion
intoxication
sensibilization
Clinical
manifestations
abdominal pains (especially right
hypogastrium area)
nauses
meteorism
disorders of appetite
disorders of stool
hypoacidic gastritis
it is typical the active exit of
proglottids act of the defication
(especially at the night)
General toxic symptoms
weakness
fatique
disorders of the sleep
irritability
headache
dizziness
Complications
acute appendicitis acute pancreatitis acute cholecystitis
occlusive ileus
Diagnostics
General clinical methods
moderately eosinophilia
moderately anemia
Specific methods
revealation of the eggs and
proglottids of helminth in the feci
Treatment
niclosamide paromomycin praziquantel
Prophylaxis
dehelminthization of the patients
devastation of the soil
veterinary-sanitary control
the maintenance of the roles of the
terminal processing of the meat
PORK TAPEWORM AND CYSTICERCOSIS
50
Etiology
Taenia solium
Epidemiology
Anthroponosis.
Peroral biohelminthosis
The source of the invasion and definitive host is human. The intermediate
hosts are pigs, dogs, cats, sheep
The factors of transmission is use into the food meat of the pig with cystecercs
Pathogenesis
Taenia solium arised in use of the meat with larvae of the parasite. The adult
helminth parasites in the organism of human. The human is the definitive
host. Cysticercosis arises in the penetration of the eggs of helminth into the
intestine. The human is an intermediate host
Taenia soleum
In infection by cystecercs in 2-3
months → adult helminth →
small intestine
Cystecercosis
In infection by eggs of T. soleum in 2-2,5
month → cystecercs → brain,
myocardium, skeletal musculature, eyes
↓
↓
Mechanic influence
the lesion of the mucous
membrane in the site of the fixation of
parasite
irritation of interoreceptors
disorder
of the process of
absorbtion
intoxication
sensibilization
compression of the tissues
inflammatory process around parasites
toxic and allergic action
Clinical
manifestations
moderate marked dyspeptic
manifestations and general toxic
syndrome
the clinical manifestations is
dependence on localization (brain, eyes,
subcutaneous, cellulose)
Diagnostics
General clinic methods moderate eosinophilia
Taenia soleum
finding of the helminth’s eggs in the feci
ovoscopy
Cystecercosis
In dependence on localization (ophtalmoscopy, roentgenogram,
computed tomography)
Serological methods
ELISA
Treatment
Taenia soleum- Filicis maris acterium
Cystecercosis - surgical
Prophylaxis Relevation and treatment of the patients: general sanitary measures; veterinary
control
DIPHILLOBOTHRIASIS