Old english. Historical background

01
02
social and
geopolitical
history of the language.
Historians and scientists divided external history of English into four big parts.

They are:
Old English
450-1150
Middle English
1150-1500
Early Modern English 1500-1700
Modern English
1700- now
External history of English
200 BCE 0 200 CE 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 NOW
Celtic
Latin
Anglo saxon
Old
Norse
Anglo-Norman
Old French
French,Latin
Greek, Italian
Hindi,Persian, Arabic, Turkish, Malasy, American English
Celt Migration
?1000BCE
Roman Occupation
43-410CE
Germanic Settelments
late 400s
Viking invasions
787-1000s
Norman invasions
1000-1154
Renasseance
mixing
1400-1600s
Empires Imports
1700-present
1.5
1.2. Internal History of Old English
1.2.1Old English Alphabet and Pronunciation
Runes,Latin alphabet,stress
1.2.2.4. The Adverb
hwær (where), ʒær (there), hwonan (from where) and danon (from there, thence);
1.2.2. Old English Morphology
Noun, adjective, pronoun, adverb, verb
1.2.2.2. Old English Pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns
/se/ (that) and /δes/ (this)
1.2.2.3. The Adjective
- number - the singular and the plural;
-gender - masculine, neuter and feminine;
-case - 4/5 (nominative, genitive, dative accusative and partly instrumental)
Internal history of a language refers to the historical development of its linguistic forms (phonology, morphology, syntax, and lexicon) and semantics.

• 2.1. Birth of the Beowulf epic

• 2.2. The translation of old Beowulf epic by Seamus Heaney

• 2.3 Conclusion on Chapter 2