Name Period

Name ________________________ Period ____ Date ______________

Be able to describe the daily life of the Patricians and Plebeians

Pats Plebs

* wealthy landowners * working class

* boys educated by private tutors * powerful in a mob

* Privileges: reserved seating at events * most couldn’t write

Identify Social Groups of Rome:

1. 
   Soldier __a__ had to serve at least 20 years
   
2. 
   Senator __d__ could eventually buy freedom
   
3. 
   Women __b__ purple striped toga
   
4. 
   Slave __c__ subject to authority of father/husband
   

Throughout history, the government system of Rome changed often. Sequence the following types of government to reflect the order in which they existed in ancient Rome.

__2___ republic __3___ dictatorship __1__ monarchy __4___ empire

Identify what type of ruler each man was, and describe what each is remembered for.

	Type of Ruler	Actions as Ruler
Tarquin	King	killed stepfather to gain power ruled brutally
Diocletian	Emperor	- split empire in two
Constantine	Emperor	- religious freedom

Compare & contrast Julius Caesar and Augustus Caesar (at least 2 each)


- dictator - sole ruler -emperor

- relationship - caused civil war - enemy of

With Cleopatra - helped the poor Cleopatra

- angered senate - made reforms - respected by

Senate (new name)

- assassinated - stopped conquering

land
Julius Both Augustus



Understand the Roman Republic and how it compares to the United States today

Roman Republic

2 consuls Senate Praetors

(served for 1 year) Assembly of Centuries

Council of Plebs

Executive Legislative Judicial

President and Congress Supreme Court

Vice President (House of Reps

Senate)

Review the Events of Punic Wars:

Who fought and when? Rome vs. Carthage (264 BC – 146 BC)

Key Ideas:

First Punic War

• 
  fought over Sicily
  
• 
  Romans built navy by modeling ships after Carthaginian ships
  
• 
  Rome wins Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica
  

Second Punic War

• 
  Hannibal comes over the Alps with elephants
  
• 
  Hannibal is winning in Rome, so Scipio takes his troops to Carthage
  
• 
  Rome wins, Hannibal commits suicide
  

Third Punic War

• 
  Rome destroys and burns Carthage
  
• 
  Rome attacks Greece and Asia
  

Religion: identify how each term played a role in Roman religion:

Numina – different spirits that are found everywhere in nature

Greek Gods – adopted by the Romans, and given Roman names

Lararium – a shrine in the home where people worship and pray, contains “lares” (figures of ancestors)

Temples- dedicated to a Roman god, where offerings and animal sacrifices occurred

Animals Sacrifices – done by a special priest called a haruspex

Vestal Virgins – female, religious workers who guard the holy flame of Vesta

Define Persecuted. Identify TWO reasons why the Christians were persecuted in Ancient Rome.

• 
  To purposely and brutally harass, harm, or even kill someone simply because of their beliefs or a group to which they belong
  
• 
  Christians were persecuted because they wouldn’t worship and make sacrifices to the emperor as a god, or to the old gods
  

Be able to identify and describe the Roman Achievements:

Roads- 50,000 miles, built to drain water, Appian Way still used today

Army- well trained and disciplined, organized into legions

Time and Money- Julian calendar, sundial, coins with face on the front and

national symbol on back

Architecture- arches, domes, temples, bridges, concrete, columns

Plumbing- aqueducts brought water into the city, sewer system brought

water and waste out of the city

Legal Administration- lawyers, judges and courts helped keep order

Twelve Tables- first written code of law in Rome

Entertainment and the arts- gladiators, chariot races, art theatre, and

literature (kept Romans happy)

Define the following terms:

Triumverate- three rulers sharing equal power

Principate- Augustus’ government; plebs, slaves, and freemen paid as government workers

Pax Romana- Peace of Rome; lasted from the time of Augustus to next 200 years