Microsoft Word fidis-wp2-de models doc
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- FIDIS Future of Identity in the Information Society (No. 507512) D2.3
- Type 3: IMS for user-controlled context-dependent role and pseudonym management
- Economics
- 2.1.3 Application of IMS within social systems
- Type 2 IMS: profiling function
FIDIS Future of Identity in the Information Society (No. 507512) D2.3
File: fidis-wp2-del2.3.models.doc Page 12
Type 2 IMS are e.g. for logging or data warehouse tools which support personal profiling e.g., personalised services, or group profiling such as the analysis of customer behaviour 3 :
Procedure of management mainly centralised b.
profiling, linkability to an individual person is often the target of these approaches
a.
b.
Type of managed data is mainly personal; tool-supported selection of roles and relating partial identities, privacy protection and in some cases anonymity is the target of these approaches
From a traditional sociological point of view, the specific identity as “person” (Luhmann 1991) is a construction through a specific situation which is mainly formed by a specific social system. Sociologists know at least three types of social systems (Luhmann 1997):
•
Interactional systems - forms of community in which participants are not subject to documented rules, but nevertheless schemes apply; examples are neighbourhood, friendship, spontaneous encounters (Kesterling 2000) •
- characteristics are membership and effective production of decisions; examples are public bodies, institutes and companies (Baecker 1999, Luhmann 2000) •
- economy, law, politics and science as main “self-conducted” communication systems
Functional systems are characterised by communication that is specialised in functionality. Organisations have to be connectable to all four main functional systems, but normally have a main emphasis on one of them:
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Economics: payment / non-payment; - programme: price; generic person: e.g. “client” and “employee” •
- programme: laws; generic person: e.g. “citizen”
3
http://www.epic.ca/TechnologyDay/October05_2004/MoreInformation/Presentations/RandallBartsch%20- %20Identity%20Mgmt.pdf
FIDIS Future of Identity in the Information Society (No. 507512) D2.3
File: fidis-wp2-del2.3.models.doc Page 13 •
Politics: power / non-power; - programme: political programmes; generic person: e.g. “responsible citizen” in the meaning of the French term “citoyen” •
Science: true / false; - programme: theories and methods; generic person: e.g. “the human being”
Sociologists understand social systems as pool of schemes, events and communicational components which are used by persons. In this context persons could be understood as personal inventory of social systems; the thinking of persons taking part in communication is focused by the mentioned components within the appropriate social systems. The different types of social systems operate on different addressing modes to link these communicational components.
The social subsystems reproduce particular patterns of communication that have particular social functions (cp. e.g. the above-mentioned generic persons, which also correspond to typical roles within these systems). These functions, in turn, generate so called “pointed sense horizons”
(Luhmann 1997) for organisations, which create particular sets of expectations (role conformity as “client”, “citizen”, “responsible citizen”, “human being”) for the persons acting in them.
Communication thus personally involves persons in socially typical processes, e.g. as a citizen of a certain country, as a company’s client, as a patient in hospital or as teacher in a school, but also as “my friend”, “my mother” or “my neighbour”.
Looking at the described types of IMS and the different social systems we observe specific connections between them.
Type 1 IMS are mainly established within organisational systems where we find e.g. enterprises (economic subsystem) or public bodies (political functional system) using them. The data managed are mainly centrally administrated account data for employees and customers / citizen. The type of management in most cases is strictly organised, role assignments regulated by processes which are well documented. The person behind the managed account in most cases has small influence on the roles she or he is allowed to take within this IMS; it matches usually quite well with the roles taken or assigned within the organisational system. In this case we can speak of an “assigned identity”.
Type 2 IMS, much like Type 1, are mainly used by organisational systems; we find here for example enterprises doing profiling on customer data they receive off-line (e.g. via questionnaires) or on-line (web, cash box using customer account cards etc.). Another Yüklə 0,65 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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