Islamist radicalisation the challenge for euro-mediterranean relations
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- Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:
- Part II. Case studies in Islamist radicalisation
- Part III. European engagement
- About the Authors
- ICHAEL E MERSON
| I SLAMIST R ADICALISATION T HE C HALLENGE FOR E URO -M EDITERRANEAN R ELATIONS E DITED BY M ICHAEL E MERSON , K RISTINA K AUSCH AND R ICHARD Y OUNGS A UTHORS O MAYMA A BDEL -L ATIF M URIEL A SSEBURG R UŞEN Ç AKIR S ENEM A YDIN D ÜZGIT A NA E CHAGÜE M ICHAEL E MERSON K HALED A L -H ASHIMI I BRAHIM E L H OUDAIBY K RISTINA K AUSCH N ONA M IKHELIDZE R OBERT S PRINGBORG N ATHALIE T OCCI R ICHARD Y OUNGS C ENTRE FOR E UROPEAN P OLICY S TUDIES B RUSSELS FRIDE M ADRID The Centre for European Policy Studies (CEPS) is an independent policy research institute based in Brussels. Its mission is to produce sound analytical research leading to constructive solutions to the challenges facing Europe today. FRIDE is an independent European think tank based in Madrid that provides innovative thinking on Europe’s role on the international stage; its core research interests include democracy, human rights, peace and security. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors writing in a personal capacity and do not necessarily reflect those of CEPS, FRIDE or any other institution with which they are associated. This study was carried out with the kind support of the Fundacion Tres Culturas, Sevilla, and the Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid. CEPS’ programme in this area is supported by the Compagnia di San Paolo and the Open Society Institute, which are also gratefully acknowledged. Cover photo: Protest by the Islamic jihad in Bethlehem against the Danish newspaper cartoons, February 2006. ISBN 978-92-9079-865-1 © Copyright 2009, CEPS and FRIDE. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means – electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise – without the prior permission of the Centre for European Policy Studies and FRIDE. Centre for European Policy Studies FRIDE Place du Congrès 1, B-1000 Brussels Calle Goya 5-7, Pasaje 2, E-28001 Madrid Tel: 32 (0) 2 229.39.11 Fax: 32 (0) 2 219.41.51 Tel: 34 91 244 4740 Fax 34 91 244 47 41 C ONTENTS Preface Richard Youngs and Michael Emerson ........................................................... i Part I. The question 1. Is the EU contributing to re-radicalisation? Robert Springborg .......................................................................................... 1 Part II. Case studies in Islamist radicalisation 2. Trends in political Islam in Egypt Ibrahim El Houdaiby .................................................................................... 25 3. Understanding Hamas’s radicalisation Khaled Al-Hashimi ....................................................................................... 52 4. Trends in Salafism Omayma Abdel-Latif .................................................................................... 69 5. Turkey: A sustainable case of de-radicalisation? Senem Aydın Düzgit and Ruşen Çakır........................................................ 87 6. The radicalisation of moderate Islamist parties: Reality or chimera? Ana Echagüe............................................................................................... 108 Part III. European engagement? 7. Europe’s engagement with moderate Islamists Kristina Kausch .......................................................................................... 129 8. How can Europe engage with Islamist movements? Nona Mikhelidze and Nathalie Tocci ......................................................... 151 9. Conclusions: Dynamics in political Islam and challenges for European policies Muriel Asseburg......................................................................................... 170 About the Authors............................................................................................ 181 | i P REFACE R ICHARD Y OUNGS AND M ICHAEL E MERSON ssues relating to political Islam continue to present challenges to European foreign policies in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). As EU policy has sought to come to terms with such challenges during the last decade or so political Islam itself has evolved. Experts point to the growing complexity and variety of trends within political Islam. Some Islamist organisations have strengthened their commitment to democratic norms and engaged fully in peaceable, mainstream national politics. Others remain wedded to violent means. And still others have drifted towards a more quietist form of Islam, disengaged from political activity. Political Islam in the MENA region presents no uniform trend to European policy- makers. Analytical debate has grown around the concept of ‘radicalisation’. This in turn has spawned research on the factors driving ‘de-radicalisation’, and conversely, ‘re-radicalisation’. Much of the complexity derives from the widely held view that all three of these phenomena are occurring at the same time. Even the terms themselves are contested. It has often been pointed out that the moderate–radical dichotomy fails fully to capture the nuances of trends within political Islam. Some analysts also complain that talk of ‘radicalism’ is ideologically loaded. At the level of terminology, we understand radicalisation to be associated with extremism, but views differ over the centrality of its religious–fundamentalist versus political content, and over whether the willingness to resort to violence is implied or not. Such differences are reflected in the views held by the Islamists themselves, as well as in the perceptions of outsiders. Whatever one’s stance on such questions of terminology, it is clear that political Islam presents dimensions that are disconcerting from the point of view of European interests. In November 2007, we published a I Yüklə 0,82 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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