25
295–97, 299–301, 304–5, 311;
Venona Special Studies, 29, 44, 105, 131, 133, 141, 143, 146, 153,
165–68, 175–76, 179–80, 187. As MAI (variant of MAJ): Venona Special Studies, 129.
Apresyan, Stepan Zakharovich mistakenly identified as Pavel Ivanovich Fedosimov: Venona analysts
initially believed that the real name behind the cover name MAY [MAJ], acting chief of the KGB
New York Station for part of 1944 and 1945, was Pavel Fedosimov, a diplomat at the New York
consulate. Eventually, however, Venona analysts realized that this was an error and that MAY
was Stepan Apresyan, another Soviet diplomat at the New York consulate who in 1945
transferred to the San Francisco consulate (with the MAY cover name simultaneously
disappearing from the New York KGB message traffic and appearing in San Francisco traffic).
(Fedosimov’s actual cover name, it turned out, was STEPAN, See the separate
Fedosimov/STEPAN entry.) Venona analysts corrected a number of the deciphered Venona
messages where MAY was identified as Fedosimov, but others were not corrected. The
deciphered messages were for internal use by analysts, all of whom knew of the change, so likely
correcting all of them was regarded as of little value. There are a large number of messages
where MAY appears because Apresyan was the acting chief of the KGB New York station for
part of 1944 and 1945 and during that period most outgoing messages were signed by him and
most incoming messages were addressed to him. Consequently, all messages where MAY
[MAJ] was identified as Fedosimov should be understood as references to Apresyan, whether
corrected or not. The following Fedosimov references are MAY [MAJ] references that should
be understood as actually referencing Apresyan: Venona New York KGB 1944, 26, 29–30, 38,
44–46, 48, 50–51, 57, 62–63, 72, 74, 76, 78, 83, 85, 88, 90, 92–93, 98, 100–101, 109, 112,
115–16, 120, 129, 138, 142, 151, 164, 178, 180, 186–87, 196, 198, 201–2, 205, 207, 213, 220,
226, 229–30, 241, 257, 277, 284, 287, 297, 300, 307, 309, 323, 338, 340, 343, 345, 351, 379, 391,
393, 407, 409, 411, 413, 415–17, 420–21, 427, 433, 435, 437, 439, 441–42, 445, 448, 450, 457,
460, 473, 479–80, 487, 489, 495, 501, 505, 530, 536, 541, 545, 551, 555, 565, 573, 575, 595, 602,
612, 641, 654, 656, 658, 663, 671, 674, 686, 688 , 693, 710–11, 718, 722, 726, 734, 736, 749,
753–54, 761, 765, 769–70, 773, 776; Venona New York KGB 1945, 13, 19, 34, 45, 58, 62.
Apresyana, Aleksandra Grigor'evna: Wife of Stepan Z. Apresyan. Cover name in Venona: ZOYA. As
Apresyana or Apresyan: Venona New York KGB 1945, 79; Venona Special Studies, 29. As
ZOYA: Venona New York KGB 1945, 61–62, 79; Venona Special Studies, 29.
Apriyevsky, Petr: member of the USSR Osoaviakhim, 1932. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 77.
APTEKA [DRUGSTORE} (cover name in Venona): Unidentified. Likely an institution. Venona New
York KGB 1945, 192–93.
AR...: Partial decryption, possibly the first letters of ARISTIDES. Venona New York KGB 1943, 60–61.
AR...: Partial decryption, possibly the first letters of ARSENAL. Venona New York KGB 1943, 235–36.
“A.R.’s note”: Annotation on a memo about a cable from New York to Moscow. The initials "A.R."
may be those of Andrey Raina, a KGB officer who earlier had worked in New York on the
technical line. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #1, 42.
ARA: American Relief Administration. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 47, 69.
Arabia and Arabs: Vassiliev Black Notebook, 153; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 12; Venona New York
KGB 1943, 41, 110;
Venona New York KGB 1944, 357.
Aragon, Louis: French poet and Communist. Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 58.
Aralov, Simon I.: Senior GRU officer, 1920s, 1930s. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 7.
Aramco oil company: Vassiliev’s Vassiliev Odd Pages, 32.
Arbeiter Zeitung: Austrian Socialist newspaper.
Venona New York KGB 1943, 84.
“Arch” [“Duga”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Frank Ullman. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 101.
Archibald, E.W.: Suspected of being a fake name in a suspected fraudulent U.S. State Department
document. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 93–94.
“Archimedes” [“Arkhimed”] (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Unidentified KGB officer,
mid-1930s. Used the work name “Goldstein.” As “Archimedes”: Vassiliev White Notebook #1,
26
129, 140, 146;
Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #3, 5–6. As “Goldstein”:
Vassiliev Yellow Notebook
#3, 6.
Archives Of Otolaryngology (journal):
Venona New York KGB 1945 128.
Archives Of Ophthalmology (journal):
Venona New York KGB 1945 128.
Arcos: Soviet foreign trade agency in the United Kingdom. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 41.
Arcos-America: predecessor to Amtorg. Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 50, 81.
Ardabil, Iran: Venona USA Diplomatic, 60.
“Arena” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Gerald Graze, 1943–1945. Black Notebook, 51, 78, 89,
95, 173–76; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 10–14, 17, 30–31; Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 30;
Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 45, 66–71, 74–76, 79–80, 120;
Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 40,
47, 49–50, 66, 70–78.
ARENA (cover name in Venona): Gerald Graze. “Arena” appeared in the Venona decryptions and was
unidentified in a message of June 1943 but identified by NSA/FBI as probably the cover name of
Mary Price in messages of April and May 1944. In light of the detail supplied in Vassiliev’s
notebooks, NSA/FBI’s identification of “Arena” in the Venona cables as Mary Price appears to
have been incorrect and “Arena” in Venona is Gerald Graze. The context and details about
ARENA in Venona are fully compatible with Graze. Venona New York KGB 1943, 179;
Venona New York KGB 1944, 32–33, 172–74;
Venona Special Studies, 8.
Arenal, Alberto: Described as a cousin of Luis Arenal and a Mexican military officer. Venona New York
KGB 1943, 279.
Arenal, Leopol or Leopolo: Soviet intelligece agent and Mexican Communist. Brother of Luis Arenal.
Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Alexander” [“Aleksandr”]. Cover name in Venona:
ALEKSANDR. Leopol Arenal is also a candidate for the cover names ALEJANDRO, ALEX,
ALEKSANDER, and ALEKSANDR in the Secret Writings letters. As Arenal: Vassiliev
White Notebook #2, 33. As “Alexander” [“Aleksandr”]: Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 33. As
ALEKSANDR: Venona New York KGB 1941–42, 18, 39, 41; Venona New York KGB 1943,
112–13, 158–60; Venona New York KGB 1944, 6, 40, 136, 321, 396–97; Venona Special Studies,
4. As ALEJANDRO, ALEX, ALEKSANDER, and ALEKSANDR: Venona Secret Writings
New York/Buenos Aires, 3–6, 8–9, 15–16.
Arenal, Luis: Described as the husband of Rose Beigel Arenal. Cover name in Venona: RAFAIL. As
Arenal and RAFAIL: Venona New York KGB 1943, 279; Venona Special Studies, 59.
Arenal, Rose Beigel: Soviet intelligence agent, wife of Luis Arenal (later divorced). Cover name in
Venona: ROSE [ROZA]. As Rose Arenal: Vassiliev White Notebook #2, 33. As Rose Biegel:
Venona New York KGB 1943, 279. As ROSE [ROZA]: Venona New York KGB 1943, 279.
ARFAR 7: Unidentified. Venona New York KGB 1945, 170.
Argentina and Argentinians: Cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks: “Rio” As Argentina: Vassiliev Odd
Pages, 10; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 115; Vassiliev White Notebook #3, 103; Vassiliev Yellow
Notebook #2, 8; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #2, 8; Vassiliev Yellow Notebook #4, 82; Venona New
York KGB 1941–42, 3–4, 42, 48; Venona New York KGB 1943, 60, 74, 116, 118–19, 122 ,
155–57, 207–8, 276–77, 283–84; Venona New York KGB 1944, 155, 298, 372; Venona
Washington KGB, 48;
Venona USA Naval GRU, 283, 34, 369;
Venona USA Diplomatic, 64.
As “Rio”: Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 115.
Argentina, Communist Party of: Venona Secret Writings New York/Buenos Aires, 3, 6, 15.
“Argo” (cover name in Vassiliev’s notebooks): Ernest Hemingway. Vassiliev Black Notebook, 81, 83,
89, 95–96, 102; Vassiliev White Notebook #1, 30.
Argonne Laboratories: Site of atomic research near Chicago. Venona New York KGB 1945, 190.
“Argun”: Soviet ship. Venona San Francisco KGB, 109; Venona USA Naval GRU, 160.
ARISTIDES: Possible a real name or a cover name. Described as an Argentinian. Venona New York
KGB 1943, 59–61.
Arkad'ev, ?: Unidentified Soviet personnel. Venona USA Diplomatic, 74.