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©2017 Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles
Breakdowns/Disabled
1. You must move the vehicle so
all four wheels are out of traffic
lanes. If you can’t move it, you
must have it moved as soon as
possible.
2. If possible, park where the
disabled vehicle can be seen for
200 feet in each direction.
3. Turn on your emergency
flashers.
4. Get all passengers out of the car
on the side away from traffic.
5. Call *FHP or other law
enforcement agencies for
assistance.
Vehicle Approaching in
Your Lane
1. Sound horn and flash high
beams.
2. Brake hard.
3. Steer for the side of the road.
Right Wheels Off
Pavement
1. Take your foot off the gas pedal.
2. Hold the wheel firmly and steer
in a straight line.
3. Brake lightly.
4. Wait until the road is clear. Turn
back on the pavement at slow
speed (signal your intention).
Overcorrection
Overcorrection is excessive
steering in reaction to an event
or loss of control of a vehicle. It
typically occurs when a driver
steers too sharply in an effort to
avoid a collision or driving off
of the roadway. It can result in a
rollover crash or possibly steering
into oncoming traffic. Avoid
overcorrecting! If you find yourself
unintentionally leaving the roadway:
1. Stay calm!
2. Hold the wheel firmly.
3. Take your foot off the gas and
do not slam on the brakes.
4. Steer the car where desired.
5. If necessary, steer the car to a
safe place and stop.
Skidding
1. Take your foot off the gas pedal.
2. Do not use your brakes, if
possible.
3. Turn the vehicle’s front tires in
the direction you want to go
(steer in the direction of the
skid).
4. If you are about to hit
something see Emergency
Braking, below.
Emergency Braking
Many drivers learn that to stop
in an emergency situation where
traction is lost is by pumping the
brakes. While this is correct with
conventional brakes, drivers with
anti-lock brakes (ABS) must press
down hard on the brake pedal,
hold it, and steer out of danger. If
the driver removes steady pressure
from the brake pedal or pumps the
brakes, the ABS will disengage or
“turn off.”
The Official Florida Driver License Handbook—rev. 051417
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.....................................................................................................................HANDLING EMERGENCIES
Vehicles can be equipped with two
different types of ABS:
• Four-wheel (on passenger cars
and some light trucks). Brake
hard, steer, and keep constant
pressure on the brake pedal.
• Rear-wheel (only on some
light trucks). ABS prevents the
rear wheels from locking up so
that the back end of the vehicle
does not skid. The front wheels
can still lock up and cause the
driver to lose steering control.
If this happens, let up on the
brake pedal just enough to allow
the front wheels to start rolling
again to regain control.
Brake Failure
1. If you do NOT have anti-lock
brakes, pump the brake pedal
hard and fast; if you have ABS,
skip to #2.
2. Shift to a lower gear.
3. Apply the parking brake slowly
and while holding down the
release lever/button. This will
prevent your rear wheels from
locking and your vehicle from
skidding.
4. Rub your tires against the curb
to slow your vehicle or pull off
the road into an open space.
Wet Brakes
1. Test brakes lightly.
2. Brakes may pull to one side or
may not hold at all.
3. Dry brakes by driving slowly in
low gear and applying brakes.
Jammed Gas Pedal
1. Disconnect the engine from
driving wheels by pressing the
clutch (manual transmission) or
shifting into neutral (automatic
transmission).
2. If necessary, press—don’t slam—
brakes to slow the vehicle.*
3. Carefully steer to a safe place to
stop.
*Do not shut off engine unless #1
and #2 do not work to slow the
vehicle. Remember that if you shut
off your engine, you will lose the
ability to steer the car.
Tire Blowout
1. Take your foot off the gas. Do
not use brakes.
2. Concentrate on steering.
3. Slow down gradually.
4. Brake softly when the car is
under control.
5. Pull completely off the
pavement/roadway.
Fire
• Call for assistance.
• You should only attempt to
extinguish the fire if you have
a portable extinguisher and the
fire is small.
• If you can’t extinguish the fire
get away from the vehicle! The
fumes are toxic and an explosion
is possible.
• NEVER apply water to a
gasoline or diesel fire.
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©2017 Florida Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles
Stalled on Railroad
Tracks
If your car stalls on the railroad
tracks, get everyone out immediately
and get away from the car! If a train
is coming, run away from the tracks,
but in a direction toward the train;
you will be less likely to be hit by
your vehicle or debris from the
collision. Call 911 or *FHP.
Submerged Vehicles
If you crash into a pond, river, or
other body of water your vehicle
will only float on the surface for
30–60 seconds. Get out of the
vehicle immediately
—do NOT call
911 until you are completely out of
the vehicle!
1. Unbuckle your seatbelt.
2. Roll down window before the
car sinks. If you are able to open
the door, be aware that the car
will immediately fill with water.
3. If you are unable to roll down
the window, try to kick out a
side window.
There are many types of “escape
tools” available that will quickly
break a window. If you keep one
of these in your vehicle, be sure
it is within reach in case of an
emergency.
Your Responsibilities
After a Crash
If you are involved in a crash that
results in damage to property,
injury, or death, it is your
duty—required by law—to give
information and render aid. Always
remain calm.
1. Stop and call 911,*FHP, or local
law enforcement.
2. Turn on hazard flashers.
3. If anyone is hurt, you must get
help immediately!
4. If the crash is minor and your
vehicle is blocking the flow of
traffic, you must move it or
have it moved.
5. Exchange vehicle, witness,
and driver information (name,
address, phone number license
plate number, driver license).
6. Take photos or sketch the scene,
showing vehicle crash locations.
A law enforcement officer will
complete a written report if the
crash involves a charge of DUI or
results in death, injury, or property
damage to the extent a vehicle must
be towed.
If the crash results in vehicle or
property damage and no report
is written by an officer, you must
make a written report of the crash to
the DHSMV within 10 days. (This
can be done at
flhsmv.gov
.)
If you are in a crash with an
unattended vehicle or other
property, you must make every
attempt to locate the owner and
notify law enforcement. If you can’t
locate the property owner, you
must leave a note including your
name, contact info, and license plate
number.
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