Dear Reader: This is a crude draft as of August 15, 2018. The three asterisks or the bold

DDDD***, p. ***

491 Bayly 1989, p. 34.

492 Le Roy Ladurie 1978 (1980), p. 337.

493 Winter’s Tale 4.4.702. Quotations from Shakespeare are always from The Norton Shakespeare, Based on the Oxford Edition (1997).

494 Troilus and Cressida 2.1.352-353.

495 The report of Baron van Imhoff, the governor-general of the East Indies, to the Dutch Indian Company, quoted in Feinstein 2005, p. 50. (Also quoted in Gilomee and Mbenga 2007, p. 67: the quotation is well known.) The quotation is the English translation, that of the van Riebeeck Society, 1918, the original Dutch of which I have not consulted. So I am not certain that meneer was in fact the word used.

496 ***Insert citations to this effect from Hermann’s book.

497 Crystal and Crystal 2002, p. xx.

498 ***Austen book and cite.

499 Smiles 1858, p. 368 in the Briggs ed. 

500 McKeon 1987, p. 191.

501 Härtel 2006, pp. 13, 18.

502 Du Plessis 2008.

503 Quoted in Wrightson 2000, p. 191.

504 Landes 1969 and 1965. This is a good place to acknowledge that I spent the first half of my historical career disagreeing with Landes on the role of the entrepreneur. I seem to be doomed to spend the second half agreeing with him.

505 Earle 1989, p. 5.

506 All this from Jacob 1981 (2006); Jacob 1991; and summarized in Jacob 2001, pp. 33-35. ***read and cite Israel on radical Enligthenment

507 Darnton 1988; Encyclopédie 1772.

508 ***Cite Joel; ***Spence, get page and check.

509 Stigler 1982, pp. 10, 60.

510 Gramsci 1932, in Forgacs, ed., p. 301.

511 ***Cite Smith; italics supplied.

512 ***Cite Smith.

513 Berman 2006, p. 11, referring to Mark Blyth, James Kloppenberg, Judith Goldstein, G. John Inenberry, Robert Keohane, and William Sewell, Jr. The phrase “the vital few” is from the economic historian the late Jonathan Hughes, writing in praise of economic entrepreneurs (DDDD).

514 I owe the image to the legal economist and economic historian David Haddock.

515 Cite Blackstone ***

516 A dismal prospect explored in Bourgeois Enemies. The graves are still open.

517 Macaulay, “Mill on Government,” 1829, Vol. II, pp. 41-42.

518 The discussion here benefited from reading on three successive days three illuminating papers, Demsetz 2010, Khalil 2010, and Ogilvie 2006.

519 Khalil 2010, pp.5-6.

520 ***Cite Gerschenkron

521 Davidoff and Hall 1987, p. 162.

522 Sewell 1994, p. 198.

523 Tocqueville 1856 (1858; trans. 1955), p. 146-147. I owe this citation to Clifford Deaton.

524 ***Cite Gary Wills on Gettysburg.

525 Virgil Storr 1962 makes this point in the context of the economy of Barbados.

526 Lakoff DDDD***; 2008.

527 Whitney v. California, 274 U.S. 357 (1927).

528 Ardagh 1991, p. 297.

529 McCloskey 2001.

530 ***Landes cite 1998 or 1999?

531 Baumol, Litan, and Schramm 2007, p. 122.

532 Manin 1985(1987).

533 Manin 1085 (1987), p. 364

534 Jones and Harris 1967.

535 For example the study of children’s literature in support of the “need for achievement” in McClelland DDDD***.

536 ***Cite Arjo.

537 ***Cite Arjo

538 Chaudhuri 1959, p. 178; see also his Chapter V, “Money and the Englishman.” Chaudhuri was a professor English literature who made his first trip to England after the War.

539 Quoted in Lal 2006, p. 166. One is reminded of the old and vulgar joke by the farmer: “When I hear the word ‘service’ I wonder who getting screwed.”

540 Cite Dillip ***

541 Maddison 2007, p. 174.

542 Maddison 2007, p. 382 for Mexico and India in 2003.

543 888Cite*** Langford

544 Delacroix 1995, p. 126.

545 Cf. Goldstone 2009, p. 45.

546 ***On the School of Salamanca, advocates of free trade in the sixteenth century, see Schumpeter DDDD***, pp. ; and Marjorie Grice-Hutchinson 1978, 1993.

547 Goldstone 2009, p. 50.

548 Coetzee 2001 (2002), p. 226.

549 Maddison 2007, p. 164.

550 Castiglione 1528, Book I, section 40, p. 54 of English edition; I.43, p. 57; II.65, p. 138.

551 Elias 1939 (1968, 2000), p. ***.

552 Le Roy Ladurie 1978 (1980), p. 340.

553 Hirschman 1991, p. x, italics supplied.

554 McKeon 1987 (2002), p. 201; and p. 202: “Self-orienting activity, . . . the very fount of modern honor. . . . creates values, and this is the criterion of virtue. . . . [It is also] in some real sense value-creating. . . that is, of exchange value.”

555 Keynes 1936, p. 383.