Bajargan amaliy mashhuloti

Task 3
GLOBALLASHTISH NIMA?
Globallashuv tanqidchilarining ko‘pchiligi bu qashshoqlikning asosiy sababi ekanligini, bu rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlarni yirik xorijiy korporatsiyalar tomonidan ekspluatatsiya qilishiga yo‘l qo‘yayotganini va arzonroq xorijiy import o‘z kompaniyalarini ishini to‘xtatib qo‘yganda boy mamlakatlardagi odamlarning ishini yo‘qotishiga olib kelishini aytishadi.
Ular, shuningdek, xorijliklarni mahalliy kompaniyalarni “sotib olish” va hech qanday hukumatga mas’ul bo‘lmagan transmilliy korporatsiyalar tomonidan boshqariladigan bir hil dunyoni yaratishda tanqid qilishadi. Globallashuv, barcha kamchiliklariga qaramay, iqtisodlarning o'sishiga yordam beradi, bu esa butun dunyo bo'ylab milliardlab odamlarning turmush darajasining yaxshilanishini anglatadi. Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkilotining Inson taraqqiyoti indeksi jahon mamlakatlarida savodxonlik va turmush darajasini ko‘rsatuvchi ko‘rsatkich bo‘lib, so‘nggi yillarda XX asrda iqtisodiy o‘sish tufayli dunyo bo‘ylab milliarddan ortiq kishi mutlaq qashshoqlikdan qutulganini ko‘rsatadi. Globallashuvni qabul qilgan mamlakatlar o'sish sur'atlarini chegaralari yopiq mamlakatlarga qaraganda o'rtacha 50 foizga yuqori bo'ldi.
Shuni ta'kidlash kerakki, globallashuv ba'zi odamlarga boshqalardan ko'ra ko'proq foyda keltiradi. Texnologiya va kapitalga kirish rivojlanayotgan mamlakatlarda ishchilar uchun yangi ish o'rinlarini yaratdi va sotish uchun texnologiya va kapitalga ega bo'lgan mamlakatlar va kompaniyalar ham globallashuvdan katta foyda oldi.

Task 4
Complete the text using the correct form of the following verbs:
The top managers of a company have to set objectives and then develop particular strategies that will enable the company to achieve them. This will involve allocating the company’s human, capital and physical resources. Strategies can often be sub-divided into tactics - the precise methods in which the resources attached to a strategy are business environment. The founders of a business usually establish a “mission statement” - a declaration about what the business is and what it will be in the future. The business’s central values and objectives will follow from this. But because the business environment is always changing, companies will occasionally have to modify or change their objectives. It is part of top management’s role to develop today’s objectives and needs against those of the future, and to take responsibility for innovation, without which any organization can only expect a limited life. Top managers are also expected to set standards, and to employed human resources, especially future top managers. They also have to manage a business’s social responsibilities and its impact on the environment. They have to establish and maintain good relations with customers, major suppliers, bankers, government agencies, and so on. The top management, of course, is also on permanent stand-by to deal with major crises. Between them, these tasks require many different skills which are almost never found in one person, so top management is work for a team. A team, of course, is not the same as a committee: it needs a clear leader, in this case the chairman or managing director.
Complete the following collocations:
11. to set objectives : maqsadlarni belgilash
12. to allocate resources : resurslarni taqsimlash
13. to take responsibility: mas'uliyatni o'z zimmasiga olish
14. to set standards: .standartlarni belgilash
15. to establish and maintain good relations : yaxshi munosabatlarni o'rnatish va saqlash
16. to deal with a crisis : inqiroz bilan shug'ullanish uchun