Anna university :: chennai 600 025
UNIT IV TIME VARYING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS 9
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UNIT IV TIME VARYING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS 9Faraday’s law – Maxwell’s Second Equation in integral form from Faraday’s Law – Equation expressed in point form. Displacement current – Ampere’s circuital law in integral form – Modified form of Ampere’s circuital law as Maxwell’s first equation in integral form – Equation expressed in point form. Maxwell’s four equations in integral form and differential form. Poynting Vector and the flow of power –Instantaneous Average and Complex Poynting Vector.
Derivation of Wave Equation – Uniform Plane Waves – Maxwell’s equation in Phasor form – Wave equation in Phasor form – Plane waves in free space and in a homogenous material. Wave equation for a conducting medium – Plane waves in lossy dielectrics – Propagation in good conductors – Skin effect- Problems.
REFERENCES 1. Ramo, Whinnery and Van Duzer: “Fields and Waves in Communications Electronics” John Wiley & Sons (3rd edition 2003) 2 .Narayana Rao, N : “Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics” 4th edition, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 1998. 3. M.N.O.Sadiku: “Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics” Oxford University Press, Third edition. 4. David K.Cherp: “Field and Wave Electromagnetics - Second Edition-Pearson Edition. 5. David J.Grithiths: “Introduction to Electrodynamics- III Edition-PHI. EC1254 LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 3 0 0 100 AIM To teach the basic concepts in the design of electronic circuits using linear integrated circuits and their applications in the processing of analog signals. OBJECTIVES
UNIT I CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION FOR LINEAR ICs 9 Current sources, Analysis of difference amplifiers with active loads, supply and temperature independent biasing, Band gap references, Monolithic IC operational amplifiers, specifications, frequency compensation, slew rate and methods of improving slew rate. UNIT II APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS 9 Linear and Nonlinear Circuits using operational amplifiers and their analysis, Inverting and Non inverting Amplifiers, Differentiator, Integrator, Voltage to current converter, Instrumentation amplifier, Sine wave Oscillator, Low-pass and band-pass filters, Comparator, Multivibrators and Schmitt trigger, Triangular wave generator, Precision rectifier, Log and Antilog amplifiers, Non-linear function generator. UNIT III ANALOG MULTIPLIER AND PLL 9 Analysis of four quadrant (Gilbert cell) and variable transconductance multipliers, Voltage controlled Oscillator, Closed loop analysis of PLL, AM, PM and FSK modulators and demodulators, Frequency synthesizers, Compander ICs. UNIT IV ANALOG TO DIGITAL AND DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTERS 9 Analog switches, High speed sample and hold circuits and sample and hold ICs, Types of D/A converter, Current driven DAC, Switches for DAC, A/D converter-Flash, Single slope, Dual slope, Successive approximation, Delta Sigma Modulation. UNIT V SPECIAL FUNCTION ICs 9 Astable and Monostable Multivibrators using 555 Timer, Voltage regulators-linear and switched mode types, Switched capacitor filter, Frequency to Voltage converters, , Voltage to Time converters ,Tuned amplifiers. TOTAL: 45 TEXT BOOK 1. Sergio Franco, ‘Design with operational amplifiers and analog integrated circuits’, McGraw-Hill, 1997. 2. D.Roy Choudhry, Shail Jain, “Linear Integrated Circuits”, New Age International Pvt. Ltd., 2000.
EC1255 MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION 3 0 0 100 AIM To introduce the concept of measurement and the related instrumentation requirement as a vital ingredient of electronics and communication engineering. OBJECTIVE To learn
UNIT I BASIC MEASUREMENT CONCEPTS 9 Measurement systems – Static and dynamic characteristics – units and standards of measurements – error analysis – moving coil, moving iron meters – multimeters – True RMS meters – Bridge measurements – Maxwell, Hay, Schering, Anderson and Wien bridge. UNIT II BASIC ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS 9 Electronic multimeters – Cathode ray oscilloscopes – block schematic – applications – special oscilloscopes – Q meters – Vector meters – RF voltage and power measurements. UNIT III SIGNAL GENERATORS AND ANALYZERS 9 Function generators – RF signal generators – Sweep generators – Frequency synthesizer – wave analyzer – Harmonic distortion analyzer – spectrum analyzer. UNIT IV DIGITAL INSTRUMENTS 9 Comparison of analog and digital techniques – digital voltmeter – multimeters – frequency counters – measurement of frequency and time interval – extension of frequency range – measurement errors. UNIT V DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS AND FIBER OPTIC MEASUREMENTS 9 Elements of a digital data acquisition system – interfacing of transducers – multiplexing – computer controlled instrumentation – IEEE 488 bus – fiber optic measurements for power and system loss – optical time domains reflectometer. TOTAL : 45 TEXT BOOK 1. Albert D.Helfrick and William D.Cooper – Modern Electronic Instrumentation and Measurement Techniques, Prentice Hall of India, 2003. REFERENCES
EC1256 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS I LAB 0 0 3 100
EC1257 LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS LAB 0 0 3 100 Design and testing of:
EC1258 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS LAB 0 0 3 100
(i) BCD to excess-3 code and voice versa (ii) Binary to gray and vice-versa
EC1304 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS II 3 1 0 100 AIM The aim of this course is to familiarize the student with the analysis and design of feed back amplifiers, oscillators, tuned amplifiers, wave shaping circuits, multivibrators and blocking oscillators. OBJECTIVES On completion of this course the student will understand
UNIT 1 FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS 9 Block diagram. Loop gain. Gain with feedback. Desensitivity of gain. Distortion and cut off frequencies with feedback. The four basic feedback topologies and the type of gain stabilized by each type of feedback. Input and Output resistances with feedback. Method of identifying feedback topology, feedback factor and basic amplifier configuration with loading effect of feedback network taken into account. Analysis of feedback amplifiers. Nyquist criterion for stability of feedback amplifiers. UNIT II OSCILLATORS 9 Barkhausen Criterion. Mechanism for start of oscillation and stabilization of amplitude. Analysis of Oscillator using Cascade connection of one RC and one CR filters. RC phase shift Oscillator. Wienbridge Oscillator and twin-T Oscillators. Analysis of LC Oscillators, Colpitts, Hartley, Clapp, Miller and Pierce oscillators. Frequency range of RC and LC Oscillators. Quartz Crystal Construction. Electrical equivalent circuit of Crystal. Crystal Oscillator circuits. UNIT III TUNED AMPLIFIERS 9 Coil losses, unloaded and loaded Q of tank circuits. Analysis of single tuned and synchronously tuned amplifiers. Instability of tuned amplifiers. Stabilization techniques. Narrow band neutralization using coil. Broad banding using Hazeltine neutralization. Class C tuned amplifiers and their applications. Efficiency of Class C tuned Amplifier. UNIT IV WAVE SHAPING AND MULTIVIBRATOR CIRCUITS 9 RL & RC Integrator and Differentiator circuits. Diode clippers, clampers and slicers. Collector coupled and Emitter coupled Astable multivibrator. Monostable multivibrator. Bistable multivibrators. Triggering methods. Storage delay and calculation of switching times. Speed up capacitors. Schmitt trigger circuit. UNIT V BLOCKING OSCILLATORS AND TIMEBASE GENERATORS 9 Monostable and Astable Blocking Oscillators using Emitter and base timing. Frequency control using core saturation. Pushpull operation of Astable blocking oscillator i.e., inverters. Pulse transformers. UJT sawtooth generators. Linearization using constant current circuit. Bootstrap and Miller saw-tooth generators. Current time base generators. TUTORIAL 15 TOTAL : 60 TEXT BOOKS
REFERENCES 1. Sedra / Smith, “Micro Electronic Circuits” Oxford university Press, 2004. 2. David A. Bell, " Solid State Pulse Circuits ", Prentice Hall of India, 1992.
With the present development of the computer technology, it is necessary to develop efficient algorithms for solving problems in science, engineering and technology. This course gives a complete procedure for solving different kinds of problems occur in engineering numerically. OBJECTIVES At the end of the course, the students would be acquainted with the basic concepts in numerical methods ,
UNIT I SOLUTION OF EQUATIONS AND EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS 9+3 Linear interpolation methods (method of false position) – Newton’s method – Statement of Fixed Point Theorem – Fixed point iteration: x=g(x) method – Solution of linear system by Gaussian elimination and Gauss-Jordon methods- Iterative methods: Gauss Jacobi and Gauss-Seidel methods- Inverse of a matrix by Gauss Jordon method – Eigenvalue of a matrix by power method. UNIT II INTERPOLATION AND APPROXIMATION 9+ 3 Lagrangian Polynomials – Divided differences – Interpolating with a cubic spline – Newton’s forward and backward difference formulas. UNIT III NUMERICAL DIFFERENTIATION AND INTEGRATION 9+ 3 Derivatives from difference tables – Divided differences and finite differences –Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson’s 1/3 and 3/8 rules – Romberg’s method – Two and Three point Gaussian quadrature formulas – Double integrals using trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules. UNIT IV INITIAL VALUE PROBLEMS FOR ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9+ 3 Single step methods: Taylor series method – Euler and modified Euler methods – Fourth order Runge – Kutta method for solving first and second order equations – Multistep methods: Milne’s and Adam’s predictor and corrector methods. UNIT V BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS IN ordinary AND PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9+ 3 Finite difference solution of second order ordinary differential equation – Finite difference solution of one dimensional heat equation by explicit and implicit methods – One dimensional wave equation and two dimensional Laplace and Poisson equations. TUTORIAL 15 TOTAL : 60 TEXT BOOKS
REFERENCES
EC1301 COMMUNICATION THEORY 3 1 0 100 AIM To study the various analog communication fundamentals viz., Amplitude modulation and demodulation, angle modulation and demodulation. Noise performance of various receivers and information theory with source coding theorem are also dealt. OBJECTIVE
UNIT I AMPLITUDE MODULATIONS 9 Generation and demodulation of AM, DSB-SC, SSB-SC, VSB Signals, Filtering of sidebands, Comparison of Amplitude modulation systems, Frequency translation, Frequency Division multiplexing, AM transmitters – Superhetrodyne receiver, AM receiver. UNIT II ANGLE MODULATION 9 Angle modulation, frequency modulation, Narrowband and wideband FM, transmission bandwidth of FM signals, Generation of FM signal – Direct FM – indirect FM, Demodulation of FM signals, FM stereo multiplexing, PLL – Nonlinear model and linear model of PLL, Non-linear effects in FM systems, FM Broadcast receivers, FM stereo receives. UNIT III NOISE PERFORMANCE OF DSB, SSB RECEIVERS 9 Noise – Shot noise, thermal noise, White noise, Noise equivalent Bandwidth, Narrowband noise, Representation of Narrowband noise in terms of envelope and phase components, Sinewave plus Narrowband Noise, Receiver model, Noise in DSB-SC receiver, Noise in SSB receiver UNIT IV NOISE PERFORMANCE OF AM AND FM RECEIVERS 9 Noise in AM receivers threshold effect, Noise in FM receivers capture effect, FM threshold effect, FM threshold reduction, Pre-emphasis and de-emphasis in FM, Comparison of performance of AM and FM systems. UNIT V INFORMATION THEORY 9 Uncertainty, Information and entropy, Source coding theorem, Data compaction, Discrete memory less channels, mutual information, channel capacity, channel coding theorem, Differential entropy, and mutual information for continuous ensembles, information capacity theorem, implication of the information capacity theorem, rate distortion theory, Compression of information. TUTORIAL 15 TOTAL : 60 TEXT BOOK
References 1. Roddy and Coolen, Electronic communication, PHI, New Delhi, 4th Edition, 2003.
EC1302 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 3 1 0 100 AIM To study the signal processing methods and processors. OBJECTIVES
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