Standard errors are in parentheses. * = p<.10, one-tailed. Because coefficients are exponentiated, numbers over 1.00 represent positive associations and numbers below 1.00 represent negative associations.
Table 3. Means and Standard Deviations for Census Tracts within the City of Detroit. (n=367)
Variable
|
Mean
|
Standard
Deviation
|
Minimum
|
Maximum
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Catholics
|
1155.86
|
1244.85
|
0.00
|
5890.00
|
Number of Jews
|
140.91
|
686.41
|
0.00
|
6981.53
|
Number of Mainline Protestants
|
982.02
|
1233.76
|
0.00
|
7159.00
|
Number of Evangelical Protestants
|
51.53
|
251.93
|
0.00
|
3570.00
|
Number of Blacks
|
646.67
|
1189.69
|
0.00
|
6314.00
|
Catholic Church Present
|
0.39
|
0.49
|
0.00
|
1.00
|
Synagogue Present
|
0.04
|
0.20
|
0.00
|
1.00
|
Mainline Church Present
|
0.64
|
0.48
|
0.00
|
1.00
|
Evangelical Church Present
|
0.23
|
0.42
|
0.00
|
1.00
|
Black Protestant Church Present
|
0.24
|
0.43
|
0.00
|
1.00
|
Ave Adjacent Catholic Churches
|
0.32
|
0.21
|
0.00
|
1.07
|
Ave Adjacent Synagogues
|
0.06
|
0.18
|
0.00
|
1.60
|
Ave Adjacent Mainline
|
0.80
|
0.41
|
0.00
|
2.63
|
Ave Adjacent Evangelical
|
0.23
|
0.24
|
0.00
|
1.50
|
Ave Adjacent Black Protestant
|
0.44
|
0.65
|
0.00
|
2.77
|
Number of Craftsmen
|
329.27
|
242.94
|
0.00
|
1750.00
|
Number of Operatives
|
463.15
|
280.71
|
0.00
|
1825.00
|
Number of Laborers
|
101.87
|
100.00
|
0.00
|
650.00
|
Voting Age Population
|
2135.94
|
1375.72
|
138.00
|
11695.00
|
Mean Household Income
|
3551.51
|
929.53
|
933.00
|
10000.00
|
Number of Democratic Party Votes
|
1312.25
|
831.88
|
91.50
|
8826.00
|
Number of Progressive Party Votes
|
5.15
|
6.79
|
0.00
|
79.75
|
Number of Votes Against Proposition No. 3
|
538.06
|
375.31
|
0.00
|
3322.00
|
Table 4. Robust Regression Models of Democratic Vote Totals for Stevenson within Census Tract, City of Detroit, 1952.
|
Model 6
|
Model 7
|
Model 8
|
Number of Catholics
|
0.000
|
|
|
|
(0.018)
|
|
|
Number of Jews
|
0.103*
|
|
|
|
(0.030)
|
|
|
Number of Mainline Protestants
|
-0.062*
|
|
|
|
(0.018)
|
|
|
Number of Evangelical Protestants
|
-0.044
|
|
|
|
(0.054)
|
|
|
Number of Black Protestants
|
0.051*
|
|
|
|
(0.019)
|
|
|
Catholic Church Present
|
|
41.428*
|
|
|
|
(29.281)
|
|
Jewish Synagogue Present
|
|
184.300*
|
|
|
|
(72.644)
|
|
Mainline Church Present
|
|
-54.438*
|
|
|
|
(30.222)
|
|
Evangelical Church Present
|
|
-59.972*
|
|
|
|
(33.530)
|
|
Black Protestant Church Present
|
|
146.640*
|
|
|
|
(40.321)
|
|
Ave Adjacent Catholic Churches
|
|
|
48.651
|
|
|
|
(71.396)
|
Ave Adjacent Synagogues
|
|
|
1.181
|
|
|
|
(76.974)
|
Ave Adjacent Mainline Churches
|
|
|
-123.736*
|
|
|
|
(35.930)
|
Ave Adjacent Evangelical Churches
|
|
|
-37.149
|
|
|
|
(59.320)
|
Ave Adjacent Black Protestant Churches
|
|
|
111.843*
|
|
|
|
(24.664)
|
Mean Tract Income
|
-0.059*
|
-0.031*
|
-0.026
|
|
(0.020)
|
(0.022)
|
(0.021)
|
Number of Craftsmen
|
-0.156*
|
-0.326*
|
-0.338*
|
|
(0.098)
|
(0.093)
|
(0.086)
|
Number of Operatives
|
0.476*
|
0.567*
|
0.537*
|
|
(0.071)
|
(0.070)
|
(0.067)
|
Number of Laborers
|
0.768*
|
0.864*
|
0.851*
|
|
(0.183)
|
(0.188)
|
(0.174)
|
Voting Age Population
|
0.546*
|
0.549*
|
0.563*
|
|
(0.022)
|
(0.017)
|
(0.016)
|
Constant
|
149.386*
|
18.095
|
45.427
|
|
(76.216)
|
(86.493)
|
(85.134)
|
Observations
|
347
|
347
|
347
|
Adjusted R-squared
|
0.90
|
0.89
|
0.90
|
Standard errors are in parentheses. * = p<.10, one-tailed.
Table 5. Models of Vote Totals in Detroit Census Tracts for Three Different Political Outcomes.
|
Model 9: 1952 Democratic Vote
|
Model 10: 1952 Progressive Vote
|
Model 11: 1950 No on Prop. 3
|
Number of Catholics
|
0.00783
|
-0.00002
|
0.00525
|
|
(0.01738)
|
(0.00005)
|
(0.00884)
|
Number of Jews
|
0.08785*
|
-0.00017
|
0.05020*
|
|
(0.03036)
|
(0.00008)
|
(0.01403)
|
Number of Mainline Protestants
|
-0.05489*
|
-0.00008
|
0.00773
|
|
(0.01757)
|
(0.00006)
|
(0.00893)
|
Number of Evangelical Protestants
|
-0.01896
|
0.00013
|
-0.02479
|
|
(0.05147)
|
(0.00018)
|
(0.02598)
|
Number of Black Protestants
|
0.04208*
|
-0.00008
|
-0.00706
|
|
(0.01779)
|
(0.00006)
|
(0.00904)
|
Catholic Church Present
|
19.57087
|
0.01609
|
20.96313*
|
|
(26.53651)
|
(0.09544)
|
(13.45696)
|
Jewish Synagogue Present
|
46.46330
|
0.97121*
|
72.34302*
|
|
(72.88876)
|
(0.24123)
|
(37.06220)
|
Mainline Church Present
|
-47.70996*
|
0.06974
|
-16.18262
|
|
(27.51697)
|
(0.11712)
|
(13.95940)
|
Evangelical Church Present
|
-44.60336*
|
0.00343
|
5.92507
|
|
(30.19795)
|
(0.12966)
|
(15.35488)
|
Black Protestant Church Present
|
65.58208*
|
-0.18160
|
-52.42905*
|
|
(39.32984)
|
(0.15155)
|
(19.99866)
|
Ave Adj Catholic Churches
|
68.07350
|
-0.24274
|
2.16769
|
|
(68.28371)
|
(0.24174)
|
(34.71392)
|
Ave Adj Synagogues
|
-42.78348
|
0.76736*
|
-10.33293
|
|
(76.10623)
|
(0.18562)
|
(38.66061)
|
Ave Adj Mainline Churches
|
-128.65296*
|
-0.17348*
|
-31.72032*
|
|
(34.14466)
|
(0.11009)
|
(17.20502)
|
Ave Adj Evangelical Churches
|
-18.29935
|
-0.19264
|
-19.97641
|
|
(56.93431)
|
(0.19435)
|
(28.91564)
|
Ave Adj Black Protestant Churches
|
79.72735*
|
-0.05470
|
5.70856
|
|
(24.04472)
|
(0.08134)
|
(12.21741)
|
Mean Tract Income
|
-0.02562
|
0.00007
|
0.03322*
|
|
(0.02143)
|
(0.00008)
|
(0.01081)
|
Number of Craftsmen
|
0.00235
|
-0.00047*
|
-0.05709
|
|
(0.09364)
|
(0.00027)
|
(0.04646)
|
Number of Operatives
|
0.44336*
|
0.00070*
|
-0.04099
|
|
(0.06740)
|
(0.00025)
|
(0.03425)
|
Number of Laborers
|
0.67273*
|
0.00064
|
-0.20469*
|
|
(0.17733)
|
(0.00066)
|
(0.09015)
|
Voting Age Population
|
0.54953*
|
0.00033*
|
0.23259*
|
|
(0.02192)
|
(0.00007)
|
(0.01114)
|
Constant
|
58.27954
|
0.63618*
|
3.91921
|
|
(88.20904)
|
(0.37450)
|
(44.61776)
|
Observations
|
345
|
345
|
345
|
Adjusted R-squared
|
0.91
|
.32
|
0.90
|
Standard errors in parentheses; * = significant (p < .10, one-tailed). Models 9 & 11 are robust regression models of vote totals with an approximately normally distributed dependent variable. Model 11 is a poisson regression as the dependent variable (votes for the Progressive Party) has many zeros and small counts and has a strong left skew.
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