Awareness of man’s propensity to evil and conscience of the destructive power of scientific knowledge. Awareness of man’s propensity to evil and conscience of the destructive power of scientific knowledge. The lack of moral assurance and the decline of religious faith. The disillusionment with both the liberal and social theories about economic and social progress. Mistrust in the power of reason.
Existentialism saw man trapped in a hostile world. Existentialism saw man trapped in a hostile world. Human life was meaningless and this created a sense of confusion, despair and emptiness. The universe was not rational and defied any explanation.
Waiting for Godot (written in French in 1952 and translated into English in 1954) Endgame (1958) Krapp’s Last Tape (1959) Happy Days (1961) Breath (1970)
No Setting: a desolate country road and a bare tree. No Setting: a desolate country road and a bare tree. Time: evening. Characters: two tramps, Vladimir and Estragon, bored by a day of nothingness; Pozzo and Lucky.
Vladimir and Estragon are complementary. Vladimir and Estragon are complementary. Lucky and Pozzo are linked by a relationship of master and servant. Vladimir and Lucky represent the intellect.
The play has a circular structure it ends almost exactly as it begins. The play has a circular structure it ends almost exactly as it begins. The two acts are symmetrically built the stage is divided into two halves by a tree, the human races into two, Vladimir and Estragon. It is pervaded by a grotesque humour. Its tone is tragic and desperate.
Human impotence in the face of life’s meaninglessness. Human impotence in the face of life’s meaninglessness. A static world where nothing happens. Absence of a traditional time there is no past, present and future, just a repetitive present. Disintegration of language absurd exchanges, broken and fragmented dialogues. The lack of communication use of para-verbal language: mime, silences, pauses and gags.
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