Plutonium what is plutonium and how is it used?



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PLUTONIUM


What is plutonium and how is it used?

  • Plutonium is a synthetic substance discovered by Gleen T. Seaborg and is used to create enormous amounts of energy in a nuclear plant ,due to being very unstable. This was also used in the Manhatten project.

  • Plutonium is element 94 on the periodic table. Plutonium has some different names based on how long it would be before the half life (half of its radioactivity is gone) of radioactivity is reached. The least radioactive and shortest half life is plotunium 243 which reaches it’s half life in about 5 hours. The most radioactive is plutonium 242 which last 375000 years.



What does plutonium look like

  • People really can not get a picture of plutonium because it would be in a reactor chamber to produce the energy wanted in the nuclear plant. But here is a Bohr diagram on the next slide that shows the diagram of the element. The amount of electron in each level goes as 2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8,2. The reason why this element has such high electron levels in certain shells is because the larger elements want to have the electron as close to the nucleus as possible to prevent the atom from losing any.



Bohr diagram of plutonium



HOW IS IT MADE?

  • Plutonium is made from uranium ore which is a natural radioactive substance mined from the earth . Uranium would be put in a chamber with moderators to slow the nucleus down so scientists can shoot a neutron into the nucleus. Because of that the chemical is no longer uranium but the more unstable and dangerous element known as plutonium.



What are moderators?

  • Moderators are used by scientists when the want to slow the nucleus of a certain atom down to a slow enough speed to work with. These moderators would consits of pure graphit or “heavy water” known as deterium . Deterium is in some ways is like water such as taste, and apperence (don’t drink it).



Resorces

  • Bentor, Yinon. Chemical Element.com - Plutonium. Mar. 20, 2009 .

  • Berstien,Jeremy. Cambridge University Press. Nuclear Weapons: What you need to know. October 15, 2007



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