Internet History Japan Aug. 28, 2003

Internet History - Japan

• Aug. 28, 2003

• Kazunori Konishi

Objectives

• (1) Recording of the Pioneers’ efforts

• (2) Study on technical trend for investing the resources.

• (3) Lessons Learned from the History for the new problems; human nature will not change, though political or technical environments might face the big changes. =>> “Grass roots activities” should be based on human nature; ex. AP* activities.

Big Picture in Japan

ALOHAnet(1980)

• Lead by Professor Norman Abramson

• @ U-Hawaii : origin of Ethernet

• Coordinated at Pacific Telecom-

• munications Council(PTC)

• Professor Oizumi @ Tohoku-U joined the network.

• NASA(KDD) donated the satellite circuit, recommended by MPT

• KDD was rich, with the monopoly & high cost of the services.

UUCPnet/Usenet(1985)

• Operated by KDD Labs. on a volunteer basis.

• PSTN & PSDN were used.

• The partners became commercialized later on: UUnet, Eunet.

• “Membership” allowed the operation over the public networks, without any license.

• Limited resources were allocated, because OSI was promising in those days.

BITNET(1985)

• IBM donated the circuit & equipments, promoting SNA.

• Science University of Tokyo(SUT) organized private universities.

• The US power enabled to use the leased circuit without any license.

WIDE(1989)

• Jun Murai organized the large number

• of engineers at commercial companies

• & universities. (Murai had organized

• UUCP domestic network “JUNET”)

• U-Hawaii’s PACCOM project organized AP regional networks.

• Governments were still persistent in OSI, though they knew OSI was being defeated. (US Gov. also declared the adoption of OSI products)

• Industries & Universities required the “illegal?” activities of WIDE.

SINET(1992)

• Government was forced to adopt TCP/IP in addition to OSI.

• OSI was the primary protocol for a while.

• The big budget enabled the large membership.

• A Ministry can use the leased circuit without any license; not hierarchy among governments.

• Government is not so flexible.

AI3 Network (1995)

APAN(1998)

• NSF required the transit services

• over TransPAC link.

• The owners of point-to-point links started the collaborated operations.

• AP Regional networks were developed with a hub in Tokyo.

• The institutions with advanced research projects are allowed to use TransPAC link.

Over Provisioning of the bandwidth

Number of RFCs by Japanese