International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature (ijsell) Volume 2, Issue 8, August 2014, pp 116-130

Structural Linguistics and its Implication to Language Teaching 
 
International Journal on Studies in English Language and Literature (IJSELL) Page | 120
Based on its morphosyntax structure, there are three kinds of languages, namely: 
a)
Analytical Language Type 
In this type of language, each word has a single concept and does not consist of a combination 
of concepts. The formation of phrases, clauses, or sentences is done by combining the mono-
concept words into larger structures with poly-concept. In other words, the type of language is 
the language of this analytical structure consists of separated elements. The language which 
belongs to this type is: Indonesian, Javanese, Sundanese, Malagasy, Tagalog, Bugis, Chinese 
languages and so on. 
b)
Synthetical Language Type 
The language with this type has a characteristic that the form of language had conceived the 
concept of the meaning of syntax and also has a syntactical relationships. The language that 
belong to this typeis Arabic, Sanskrit, Latin, and Biak languages. 
c)
Synthetical Language Type 
The language that has this type has a characteristic that the form of language had conceived 
the concept of the meaning of syntax and also has a syntaxtical relationships. The language 
that belongs to this type, such as Arabic, Sanskrit, Latin, and Biak languages. 
d)
Polysynthetical Language Type 
This type of language is almost the same image with the type of synthetical language that is 
more complex. A particular form of words is not just a series of simple clause or clauses 
roots, but it is a sentence. The language which belongs to this type is Eskimo and some 
languages in North American Indians. 
3)
Phraseologies Structure Typology 
Based on the differences in the structure of the phrase, there are two types of languages, the 
language of central-attribute and the language that has an attribute-central, or traditionally can be 
called language that has a type of being explained and explaining types (D-M), such as: Arabic, 
Javanese, and Sundanese. Besides language that explaining and explained type (M-D), such as 
English, Dutch, German, and others.
4)
Clause Structure Typology 
Based on the structure of the clause, there are two kinds of language that have Verb-Object type 
(V-O) and language that has Object-Verb type (O-V). For example: Sanskrit, Nepal languages 
and so on. 
C.
The Nature and the Function of Languages 
Language plays an important role in our daily lives. In everyday tasks, the language teacher must 
understand completely that the ultimate goal of teaching language is to have students mastering 
the skill of language, such as: speaking skilled, listening skilled, reading skilled, and writing 
skilled. 
Language has the main characteristic of which is the nature of language. By knowing the various 
basic principles of the language, then the teacher has had a major capital in performing his daily 
duties. Languages also have diverse functions. Knowledge of the basic principles and various 
functions of the language that absolutely must be had by the teachers who always deal with the 
students. 
Important matters relating to the nature of language and language function, which should be 
known and understood by language teachers, will be discussed below: 
1.
 
The nature of language 
Talking about the nature of language, Paul S. Anderson (1972: 35-36) argues that there are eight 
basic principles of the language, namely: 
a.
Language is a system 
b.
Language is speech sound 

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