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Higher Education Reforms
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tarix | 09.08.2018 | ölçüsü | 2,47 Mb. | | #62141 |
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Introduction Introduction - About Finland
- Finnish Education
- Strategy Documents
Higher Education Reforms - University Reform
- Reform of Universities of Applied Sciences
Research and Innovation Reforms & Policies - Main Actors
- Research Policy Reforms
- Research and Innovation Council
- Innovation Strategy
History and culture influenced by location between east and west History and culture influenced by location between east and west - Part of Sweden 600 years up to 1809
- Grand Duchy of Russia in 1809-1917
- Independent since 1917
- EU member state since 1995
Relatively sparsely populated - 338 000 km², 5,5 mill. inhabitants
- Finnish 88%, Swedish 5%
- Lutheran 76%, Orthodox 1%
Competitive economy - BKT/capita € 38 162 in 2015
- Unemployment level 7,2% in 08/2016
99,7% of pupils complete basic education by 16; Finnish youth on top in OECD PISA survey since 2000 99,7% of pupils complete basic education by 16; Finnish youth on top in OECD PISA survey since 2000 86% of young adults complete upper secondary education by the age of 25 40% of young adults complete higher education by age of 30 53% adults take part in adult education annually; Finnish adults on top in OECD PIAAC s in 2012
1970ies 1970ies Comprehensive School Reform Teacher Education Reform 1980ies Secondary VET Reform 1990ies Decentralisation of Governance Polytechnics Reform 2000 - Vocational College Strategy Total Reform of Adult Education University Reform Polytechnic Reform
Government’s Education and Research Development Plans (MoEC) - Education and Research 2007 – 2011
- Education and Research 2011 - 2016
Government Communication to the Parliament (MEE) - National Innovation strategy (2008)
Research and Innovation Policy Review 2015 - 2020 (RIC)
Background
General Objectives
New University Act New University Act - Financial Autonomy
- Professional Management
- Legal Status
- MoE Steering
Structural Development Quality and Quality Assurance - Qualification Reform
- Enhancing basic and applied research
- Internationalisation
Mission Mission Autonomy Administration Financing and funds Steering Education and Research Evaluation Students Staff, employment relations
Universities became legal persons Universities became legal persons - Corporations under public law or Foundations under Foundation Act
Universities gained larger autonomy and stronger financial status Better connected with society and economy - External board members
- Own capital
Universities became employers of their staff Government budget funding complemented with donations and own business activities
In 2005
Aalto University is a foundation university with 6 schools (Arts, design and Architecture; Business; Chemical Technology; Business, Electrical Engineering; Engineering; Science) and strong emphasis on entrepreneurship, start-ups, internationalisation and top quality (e.g. Design Factory, Start-up sauna). In total 20 000 students and 4 500 staff. Aalto University is a foundation university with 6 schools (Arts, design and Architecture; Business; Chemical Technology; Business, Electrical Engineering; Engineering; Science) and strong emphasis on entrepreneurship, start-ups, internationalisation and top quality (e.g. Design Factory, Start-up sauna). In total 20 000 students and 4 500 staff. Constructed by a merger of the University of Technology, the School of Economics and the University of Art and Design. The purpose is to create an interdisciplinary top quality university to boost new innovation.
Steering instruments:
Degree reform 2005: three cycles of degrees in line with the Bologna process Right to award degrees determined for each HEI in legislation / in operation licences General objectives and the extent of degrees defined in legislation HEIs are responsibility of their curricula
Means Means Universities of Applied Sciences (Polytechnics) as legal persons, limited companies The responsibility for core funding entirely transferred from local authorities to the state New funding model New operating licences Updated educational responsibilities
Research Policy Objectives
Development Plan 2007–2011 Development Plan 2007–2011 Target for doctorates 1 600/year with the aim of business and industry employing more PhDs. Universities take over the doctoral programmes, compiling them primarily into one Graduate School Academy of Finland takes care on financing Graduate Schools Focus on researcher careers (tenure tracks) Evaluation after the planning period
Basic funding from MoEC Basic funding from MoEC - Part of Budget Formula
- Professors’ legal duty for education and research
Competitive funding - Academy of Finland
- Finnish Funding Agency for Innovation (TEKES)
- EU (Horizon) and other international sources
- Private donations
Research funding from the Academy of Finland (230 million € in 2016) Research funding from the Academy of Finland (230 million € in 2016)
Open Science: Open Science: Open Access publishing & publications Digitalisation of reports & research data Open Source Open Data Open Innovation: Crowd sourcing: users, consumers, employees
Government’s Communication to the Parliament Government’s Communication to the Parliament Reinforcing the competence base Broad-based innovation activity Internationalisation Strong networked innovation centres Internationally competitive higher education Support growth businesses Strengthen demand and user orientation Resources for innovation activity International review of the innovation system
Key development areas
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