G. A. Shahmurova yosh fiziologiy as I
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8 . . . 9 . 10 . 15 . 17 . 17 . 19 . 22 ,23 . 25 , 29 .31 34 .36 45 50 50 51 54 55 58 58 59 60 60 62 64 64 66 68 69 73 307 www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi IV BOB. OLIY NERV FAOLIYATINING YOSH X U SU SIY A TLA RI.............. 75 Birinchi va ikkinchi signal sistemasi..............................................................................76 Oliy nerv faoliyatining tiplari..........................................................................................79 Iz qoldiruvchi shartli rellekslar..................................................................................... 82 Q o4zg‘alish va tormozlanish jarayonlarining o‘zaro ta ’siri.......................................82 Bolalarda shartli reflekslarning torm ozlanishi........................................................... 83 Bolalarda birinchi va ikkinchi signal sistemasining o‘zaro ta ’siri............................ 84 Bolalarda nutqning rivojlanishi.................................................................................... 85 Bola oliy nerv faoliyati tiplarining xususiyatlari va ularni tarbiyalash................... 85 0 ‘quvchi va talabalar psixologik xususiyatlari................................. ......................... 87 Hissiyotning fiziologik aso slari..................................................................................90 0 ‘qitishning fiziologik aso slari..................................................................................... 96 Uyqu, tush ko‘rish va gipnoz....................................................................................... 97 Nerv tizimining gigiyenasi............................................................................................. 101 V-BOB. T A ’LIM TARBIYA ISHLAR G IG IY E N A S I......................................... 104 0 ‘quvchi va talabalarning ishchanlik qobiliyati....................................................... 104 M aktab yoshi haqida tushuncha................................................................................ 108 О ‘q u v уili gigiyenasi...................................................................................................... I l l Dars va dars jadvallariga qo‘yilgan gigiyenik ta la b la r............................................ 112 Kasb-hunar kollejlarida ta ’lim tarbiya gigiyenasi..................................................... 118 Kasb-hunar kollejlarida dars va dars jadvallariga qo‘yilgan gigiyenik talablar ... 119 VI BOB. 0 ‘QUVChI VA TALABALARNING KUN T A R T IB I....................... 121 Maktab yoshidagi bolalarning kun ta rtib i............................................................... 121 Kuni uzaytirilgan sinf bolalari uchun taxminiy kun tartibi.................................... 127 Kasb-hunar kollej talabalarining kun tartibi............................................................ 131 VII BOB. SEZGI ORG AN LARI - A NALIZATORLAR......................................133 T a’m bilish analizatori.................................................................................................. 134 Hid bilish analizatori.................................................................................................... 135 K o‘rish analizatori....................................................................................................... 135 KoVrish analizatorining yoshga bog‘liq xususiyatlari............................... ..............139 Eshitish analizatori........................................................................................................ 142 Tovush tebranishlarini qabul qilish........................................................................... 145 0 ‘quv xonalarining yoritilishiga qo‘yilgan gigiyenik ta la b la r................................ 148 VIII BOB. ICHKI SEKRETSIYA BEZLARINING YOSHGA XOS XUSUSIYATLARI. ICHKI SEKRETSIYA BEZLARINING AHAMIYATI ........................................................................................................ 151 Qalqonsimon bez funksiyalarining buzilishiga bogiiq kasalliklar......................... 156 Buyrak usti b ezlari....................................................................................................... 159 M e’da osti b e z i.............................................................................................................. 161 308 www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi Semirish (yog‘ bosish).................................................... ........ .................................... 163 0 ‘g4il bolalarda jinsiy bezlarning endokrin funksiyasi............................................ 165 Jinsiy tarbiya............................... .............................. ................................................... 167 IX BOB. TAYANCH-HARAKAT APPARATINING YOSHGA XOS X U SU SIY A TLA R I.............................................................................................. 172 Suyak sistem asi................................... ........................................................................ 172 Muskul sistem asi.......................................................................................................... 178 Muskullarning asosiy guruhlari..................................... .......................... ................. 179 Muskul harakatlarining tezligi va chidamlilik xususiyatlari............ ....................... 185 Tayanch harakat apparatining gigiyenasi................................................................. 187 X BOB. OVQAT HAZM QILISH SISTEMASINING YOSH XUSUSIYATLARI VA G IG IY EN A SI........................................................... 192 Ovqatning og‘iz bo‘shlig4ida hazm b o iis h i.............................................................. 193 Ovqatning me’dada hazm boTishi............................................................................. 194 Ovqat hazm qilish organlarining yoshga xos xususiyatlari..................................... 197 XI BOB. MODDALAR VA ENERGIYA A LM A SH IN U V I.............................. 199 Ovqatlanishning yoshga xos xususiyatlari................................................................ 199 Bolalar va o ‘smirlaming ovqatlanish tartibi va uni tashkil etish...........................208 Ovqatning sifat miqdori va kuchlilik aham iyati.................... ............. ....................209 Mahsulotlarni alm ashtirish.................... .................................................................... 214 Bolalar va o ‘smirlarning ovqatlanish gigiyenasi................ ......................................215 Ovqatdan zaharlanish................................................................................................. 220 Bakterial zaharlanish.................................................................................................. 220 U m um ta’lim maktabi, litsey va kasb-hunar kollejlari, shahardan tashqaridagi bolalar oromgohlarida va turistik sayohatlarda ovqatlanishni tashkil etish.. 222 XII BOB. QON VA QON AYLANISH SISTEMASINING YOSH XUSUSIYATLARI VA G IG IY E N A SI............................................................224 Qon guruhlari va qon quyish..................................................................................... 227 Qonning yoshga xos xususiyatlari.............................................................................229 Qon aylanishi................... ........................................ ....................................................231 K atta va kichik qon aylanish doirasi.... ....................................................................231 Yurakning yoshga xos xususiyatlari..........................................................................233 Yurak faoliyatining boshqarilishi.............................................................................. 234 Aqliy va jismoniy mehnat vaqtida yurak-tomir sistemasining funksiyalari..........236 Yurak-qon tomir sistemasi gigiyenasi........................................................................237 XIII BOB. NAFAS ORGANLARINING YOSH XUSUSIYATLARI VA G IG IY E N A SI...... ................................................................................................ 237 Nafas fiziologiyasi....................................................................................................... 239 309 www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi Qizlar jinsiy gigiyenasi............................................................................. ....................253 O squv muassasalari binosini rejalashtirish va unga qo‘yiladigan gigiyenik talab lar..................................................................................................................... 266 Sinf xonalariga qobyiladigan gigenik ta la b la r.......................................................«...271 Giyohvandlik va uning zararli o q ib atlari................................................................. 287 Izohli lug‘a t ..................................................................................................................293 Adabiyotlar ro‘yxati..................................................................................................... 305 310 www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi llmiy-uslubiy nashr Q.SODIQOV, S.H.ARIPOVA, G.A.SHAHMUROVA YOSH FIZIOLOGIYASI YA GIGIYENA Muharrir Dildora ESHONXO'JAYEVA Texnik muharrir Vera DEMCHENKO Musahhih Ma’mura QUTLIYEVA Kompyuterda sahifalovchi Feruza BOTIROVA Muqova muallifi Firdavs DO^STMATOV www.ziyouz.com kutubxonasi Bosishga 23.09.2009 у.da ruxsat etildi. 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