Foraging habits of spring migrating waterfowl in the upper mississippi river and great lakes region
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______________________________________________________________________________________ 2007
Food Item Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 66.1 Algae 11.7 Lemna 48.0 Other Vegetation 6.4 Total Animal Matter 2.1 Chironomidae 0.2 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans 1.4 Ceratopogonidae 0.2 Stratiomyidae 0.2 Tipulidae 0.8 Non-Dipteran Insects 0.3 Pyralidae 0.1 Total Seed 31.7 Cyperus sp. 2.6 Echinochloa sp. 2.8 Panicum sp. 7.9 Polygonum sp. 9.7 Scirpus sp. 5.9 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A10. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in gadwall collected at the Scioto River study site in spring 2007 (n = 1). If food items were <0.1% they were not listed. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2007
Food Item Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 97.6 Algae 97.6 Total Animal Matter 2.4 Chironomidae 2.4 Total Seed 0.0 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A11. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in gadwall collected at the Lake Erie study site in spring 2006 (n = 18) and 2007 (n = 17). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 62.9 51.4 Algae 32.6 25.5 Ceratophyllum 4.9 0.0 Chara sporangia 0.0 2.4 Myriophyllum 0.0 5.8 Lemna 24.6 5.4 Wolffia 0.6 3.2 Other Vegetation tr. 8.8 Total Animal Matter 3.9 9.8 Gastropoda 0.3 tr. Chironomidae 0.5 1.0 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans 0.2 0.1 Macrocrustacea 0.7 1.3 Amphipoda 0.7 1.3 Microcrustacea 0.3 tr. Annelida 0.4 tr. Oligochaeta 0.4 tr. Nematoda 0.8 6.4 Non-Dipteran Insects 0.6 tr. Total Seed 33.2 38.7 Cyperus sp. 7.1 3.5 Myriophyllum sp. 2.9 0.0 Polygonum sp. 9.6 19.8 Potamogeton sp. 0.0 1.4 Table A11 continued. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Scirpus sp. 6.8 11.2 Unknown Seeds 5.0 0.0 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A12. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in gadwall collected at the Saginaw Bay study site in spring 2006 (n = 2) and 2007 (n = 17). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 45.9 56.5 Algae 0.0 11.2 Lemna 45.9 5.8 Wolffia 0.0 1.0 Other Vegetation 0.0 38.3 Total Animal Matter 10.9 9.5 Chironomidae 9.2 7.2 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans 0.8 0.5 Empididae 0.5 0.0 Tabanidae 0.0 0.5 Tipulidae 0.3 0.0 Macrocrustacea 0.0 1.6 Amphipoda 0.0 1.6 Non-Dipteran Insects 0.9 tr. Total Seed 43.2 33.9 Carex sp. 2.4 0.0 Eleocharis sp. 0.0 11.7 Najas sp. 30.3 0.0 Polygonum sp. 10.6 3.1 Scirpus sp. 0.0 11.8 Unknown Seeds 0.0 6.3 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A13. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in mallards collected at the Cache River study site in spring 2006 (n = 15) and 2007 (n = 18). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation tr. 0.0 Total Animal Matter 8.8 9.2 Gastropoda 0.4 0.1 Bivalvia 0.0 tr. Chironomidae 0.3 2.5 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans 0.0 tr. Macrocrustacea 0.2 0.4 Microcrustacea 0.0 tr. Annelida 0.0 tr. Nematoda 6.7 0.0 Non-Dipteran Insects 1.3 6.1 Naucoridae 1.3 0.0 Pyralidae 0.0 5.6 Total Seed 91.2 90.8 Carex sp. 4.5 2.5 Cephalanthus sp. 7.5 0.5 Cornus sp. 1.9 0.0 Cyperus sp. 1.7 0.7 Echinochloa sp. 2.5 8.0 Eleocharis sp. 0.5 2.1 Eragrostis sp. 0.0 1.8 Helenium sp. 8.2 0.0 Leersia sp. 14.3 1.9 Lupinus sp. 5.5 0.0 Table A13 continued. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Myriophyllum sp. 1.6 0.0 Panicum sp. 7.4 tr. Polygonum sp. 12.7 26.8 Potamogeton sp. 6.2 tr. Rumex sp. 1.4 5.0 Scirpus sp. 7.8 tr. Toxicodendron sp. 1.1 3.9 Unknown Seeds 5.4 2.6 Tubers 0.0 33.6 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A14. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in mallards collected at the Illinois River study site in spring 2006 (n = 15) and 2007 (n = 13). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation tr. 9.7 Lemna tr. 0.1 Other Vegetation 0.0 9.6 Total Animal Matter 20.1 27.5 Gastropoda 0.0 4.9 Physidae 0.0 4.6 Planorbidae 0.0 0.2 Chironomidae 6.0 13.9 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans tr. tr. Macrocrustacea 0.0 0.1 Microcrustacea tr. 0.0 Annelida 0.0 7.5 Hirudinea 0.0 1.0 Oligochaeta 0.0 6.5 Nematoda 0.7 0.0 Non-Dipteran Insects 6.7 1.1 Baetidae 0.0 0.6 Coenagrionidae 0.0 0.3 Dytiscidae 0.0 0.2 Carabidae 6.7 0.0 Miscellaneous / Unknown 6.7 tr. Total Agricultural Seed (Corn) 13.3 6.5 Total Non-Agricultural Seed 66.6 56.3 Amaranthus sp. 6.7 tr. Table A14 continued. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Bidens sp. 1.8 0.0 Cephalanthus sp. 0.0 0.7 Cyperus sp. 4.5 tr. Echinochloa sp. 8.9 0.3 Eragrostis sp. 6.7 0.0 Leersia sp. 3.0 12.3 Myriophyllum sp. 0.0 1.0 Polygonum sp. 28.1 20.4 Potamogeton sp. 6.7 0.0 Vitis sp. 0.0 1.0 Unknown Seeds 0.0 4.1 Tubers 0.0 15.4 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A15. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in mallards collected at the Wisconsin study site in spring 2006 (n = 9) and 2007 (n = 14). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation tr. 5.6 Lemna tr. 2.2 Other Vegetation 0.0 3.4 Total Animal Matter 22.2 24.3 Gastropoda tr. tr. Chironomidae 6.3 5.0 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans 11.0 0.3 Stratiomyidae 11.0 0.3 Macrocrustacea 4.7 10.1 Amphipoda 4.7 0.0 Isopoda 0.0 10.1 Annelida tr. 1.1 Non-Dipteran Insects tr. 7.0 Notonectidae 0.0 0.1 Leptoceridae 0.0 6.9 Miscellaneous / Unknown 0.0 0.6 Total Agricultural Seed (Corn) 10.9 0.0 Total Non-Agricultural Seed 66.8 70.0 Alisma sp. 0.0 3.0 Amaranthus sp. tr. 1.3 Bidens sp. 0.7 0.1 Carex sp. 0.0 1.0 Echinochloa sp. 0.2 tr. Leersia sp. 26.5 7.8 Table A15 continued. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Panicum sp. 0.1 0.7 Phalaris sp. 0.0 1.1 Polygonum sp. 17.4 20.0 Potamogeton sp. 0.0 2.3 Scirpus sp. 21.5 14.9 Sparganium sp. 0.0 6.9 Vitis sp. 0.0 1.4 Unknown Seeds 0.0 2.9 Tubers 0.0 5.7 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A16. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in mallards collected at the Scioto River study site in spring 2006 (n = 10) and 2007 (n = 20). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 8.7 3.5 Total Animal Matter 10.9 6.0 Gastropoda tr. tr. Chironomidae 2.4 0.0 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans tr. tr. Macrocrustacea 8.3 tr. Amphipoda 8.3 0.0 Isopoda tr. tr. Microcrustacea tr. 0.0 Annelida tr. 5.6 Non-Dipteran Insects tr. 0.1 Total Agricultural Seed (corn) 0.0 42.7 Total Non-Agricultural Seed 80.4 47.7 Bidens sp. 5.8 tr. Convolvulus sp. 0.0 1.9 Echinochloa sp. 34.7 1.9 Fabaceae sp. 0.0 1.4 Leersia sp. 34.3 9.6 Polygonum sp. 2.9 8.6 Rumex sp. tr. 1.6 Setaria sp. tr. 16.3 Unknown Seeds 0.9 tr. Tubers 0.0 4.8 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A17. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in mallards collected at the Lake Erie study site in spring 2006 (n = 19) and 2007 (n = 8). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 12.4 tr. Lemna 11.4 tr. Other Vegetation 1.0 0.0 Total Animal Matter 7.4 12.2 Gastropoda 2.8 7.7 Lymnaeidae 0.0 0.2 Physidae 2.4 5.8 Planorbidae 0.4 1.7 Chironomidae tr. tr. Non-Chironomidae Dipterans tr. 0.0 Macrocrustacea 2.5 3.1 Amphipoda 0.9 3.1 Isopoda 1.6 0.0 Microcrustacea tr. 0.0 Annelida tr. 0.0 Non-Dipteran Insects 1.8 1.4 Caenidae 0.0 0.1 Aeshnidae tr. 0.7 Coenagrionidae 1.3 0.5 Elmidae 0.1 0.0 Hydrophilidae 0.2 0.0 Total Agricultural Seed (corn) 10.2 0.0 Total Non-Agricultural Seed 69.9 87.7 Abutilion sp. 6.6 0.0 Table A17 continued. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Alisma sp. tr. 10.8 Cornus sp. 2.1 0.0 Cyperus sp. 4.8 0.7 Digitaria sp. tr. 9.0 Echinochloa sp. 9.6 12.1 Leersia sp. 11.7 16.6 Panicum sp. 2.6 6.7 Poaceae sp. tr. 6.7 Polygonum sp. 14.7 14.9 Potamogeton sp. 4.5 0.5 Scirpus sp. 0.5 8.0 Unknown Seeds 6.4 0.0 Tubers 3.4 0.0 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A18. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in mallards collected at the Saginaw Bay study site in spring 2006 (n = 20) and 2007 (n = 22). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 6.2 4.3 Ceratophyllum 1.2 0.0 Lemna tr. tr. Other Vegetation 4.9 4.3 Total Animal Matter 20.4 27.0 Gastropoda 1.0 0.4 Lymnaeidae 0.1 tr. Physidae 0.5 0.0 Planorbidae 0.4 0.4 Chironomidae 2.2 6.6 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans 0.3 0.1 Diptera puparium 0.3 0.0 Macrocrustacea 10.1 10.4 Amphipoda 2.2 4.6 Isopoda 7.9 5.8 Microcrustacea 0.2 tr. Ostracoda 0.2 0.0 Annelida tr. 4.6 Non-Dipteran Insects 6.5 4.7 Caenidae 0.4 0.0 Coenagrionidae 0.1 0.2 Libellulidae 1.0 tr. Gyrinidae 0.6 0.0 Hydrophilidae tr. 3.5 Table A18 continued. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Limnephilidae 0.0 0.8
Table A19. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in lesser scaup collected at the Cache River study site in spring 2006 (n = 0) and 2007 (n = 2). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2007
Food Item Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 0.0 Total Animal Matter 70.9 Gastropoda 6.7 Planorbidae 6.7 Bivalvia 43.1 Sphaeriidae 43.1 Macrocrustacea 21.0 Amphipoda 6.1 Isopoda 14.8 Microcrustacea tr. Total Seed 29.1 Amaranthus sp. 0.2 Digitaria sp. 4.5 Echinochloa sp. 10.6 Leersia sp. 0.8 Ludwigia sp. 0.1 Panicum sp. 4.4 Polygonum sp. 8.2 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A20. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in lesser scaup collected at the Illinois River study site in spring 2006 (n = 10) and 2007 (n = 25). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 0.0 3.7 Total Animal Matter 23.1 36.9 Gastropoda 9.6 12.1 Lymnaeidae 1.4 2.6 Physidae 8.2 0.3 Planorbidae 0.0 9.2 Bivalvia 0.0 8.0 Sphaeriidae 0.0 8.0 Chironomidae 1.2 3.0 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans 0.0 tr. Macrocrustacea 1.8 9.2 Isopoda 1.8 9.1 Microcrustacea tr. 2.5 Cladocera tr. 2.2 Annelida 10.0 1.5 Non-Dipteran Insects 0.0 0.3 Miscellaneous / Unknown 0.3 tr. Total Agricultural Seed (corn) 0.0 15.0 Total Non-Agricultural Seed 76.9 44.3 Amaranthus sp. 13.0 0.1 Ceratophyllum sp. 0.0 2.9 Cyperus sp. 29.3 1.6 Echinochloa sp. 3.6 4.1 Leersia sp. 6.9 13.1 Table A20 continued. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Myriophyllum sp. 8.3 0.0 Poaceae sp. 5.0 0.0 Polygonum sp. 6.7 14.8 Potamogeton sp. 0.0 3.9 Unknown Seeds 3.6 tr. Tubers 0.0 1.2 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A21. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in lesser scaup collected at the Wisconsin study site in spring 2006 (n = 2) and 2007 (n = 5). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 0.0 0.0 Total Animal Matter 36.0 19.8 Gastropoda 0.0 1.0 Chironomidae 0.0 18.8 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans 36.0 0.0 Ceratopogonidae 1.8 0.0 Psychodidae 34.2 0.0 Total Seed 64.0 80.1 Ceratophyllum sp. 0.0 1.3 Polygonum sp. 14.0 0.0 Potamogeton sp. 0.0 78.7 Scirpus sp. 50.0 tr. ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A22. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in lesser scaup collected at the Scioto River study site in spring 2006 (n = 1) and 2007 (n = 16). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 0.0 18.8 Lemna 0.0 13.9 Other Vegetation 0.0 4.7 Total Animal Matter 100.0 56.0 Gastropoda 0.0 1.8 Physidae 0.0 1.8 Chironomidae 0.0 41.2 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans 0.0 2.7 Chaoboridae 0.0 2.7 Microcrustacea 0.0 tr. Annelida 100.0 2.5 Non-Dipteran Insects 0.0 7.5 Libellulidae 0.0 2.7 Hydrophilidae 0.0 4.7 Total Seed 0.0 25.2 Echinochloa sp. 0.0 6.3 Ipomoea sp. 0.0 3.0 Polygonum sp. 0.0 2.1 Potamogeton sp. 0.0 6.3 Scirpus sp. 0.0 5.7 Unknown Seeds 0.0 1.5 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A23. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in lesser scaup collected at the Lake Erie study site in spring 2006 (n = 20) and 2007 (n = 9). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 13.0 0.0 Algae 2.3 0.0 Other Vegetation 10.1 0.0 Total Animal Matter 48.9 50.3 Fish (Gizzard Shad) 0.0 11.0 Gastropoda 27.9 tr. Lymnaeidae tr. 0.0 Physidae 25.2 tr. Planorbidae 2.5 0.0 Bivalvia 0.0 8.4 Sphaeriidae 0.0 8.4 Chironomidae 9.9 21.5 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans tr. 7.4 Ceratopogonidae tr. 7.4 Macrocrustacea 1.5 0.0 Microcrustacea tr. tr. Annelida 1.2 1.6 Non-Dipteran Insects 5.8 0.0 Collembola 1.4 0.0 Coenagrionidae 1.1 0.0 Libellulidae 2.8 0.0 Miscellaneous / Unknown 2.9 0.1 Total Seed 38.1 49.6 Abutilion sp. 2.2 0.0 Table A23 continued. ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Carex sp. tr. 2.5 Cyperus sp. 0.3 4.3 Ceratophyllum sp. 2.6 0.0 Echinochloa sp. 3.0 0.0 Leersia sp. tr. 1.0 Polygonaceae sp. 2.1 0.0 Polygonum sp. 5.0 24.1 Potamogeton sp. 7.7 2.2 Scirpus sp. 3.7 14.7 Unknown Seeds 11.4 0.0 ______________________________________________________________________________________ Table A24. Aggregate percent biomass of food items in lesser scaup collected at the Saginaw Bay study site in spring 2006 (n = 16) and 2007 (n = 29). If food items were <0.1% they were listed as trace (tr.). ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2006 2007 Food Item Agg. % Agg. % ______________________________________________________________________________________ Total Vegetation 5.6 0.1 Lemna 5.6 0.1 Total Animal Matter 68.5 89.3 Fish 0.0 7.6 Bluegill 0.0 0.7 Eurasian Round Goby 0.0 6.9 Gastropoda 6.6 15.6 Lymnaeidae 0.4 6.9 Physidae 4.0 1.6 Planorbidae 2.2 7.0 Chironomidae 57.1 44.9 Non-Chironomidae Dipterans 0.5 0.2 Chaoboridae 0.5 0.0 Macrocrustacea 0.6 6.8 Amphipoda 0.6 4.0 Isopoda 0.0 2.7 Yüklə 0,59 Mb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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