Evidence each Scientist used to make their Model Edmund Halley’s Model

As you read, underline the evidence each Scientist used to make their Model
Edmund Halley’s Model

In the 1600’s, scientists had learned that Earth’s magnetic field drifts incrementally each year, affecting navigational instruments like compasses. Using incorrect calculations by Isaac Newton that indicated the Earth was less dense than the moon, Edmund Halley proposed that the Earth was hollow and composed of some four spheres, each nestled inside another. He thought each of the spheres had its own magnetic field and that occasionally they would interfere with each other, causing the fluctuations in the magnetic field scientists had measured on the surface.

Marshall Gardner and Leonhard Euler’s Model

In 1846 the discovery of an extinct wooly mammoth frozen in ice in Siberia was used by Marshall Gardner as evidence of a hollow earth. Gardner subscribed to the single-sun-inside-the-earth theory and suggested that the mammoth was so well-preserved because it had died recently. Gardner thought that mammoths and other extinct creatures wandered freely in the interior of the earth. This one had wandered outside by using the hole at the North Pole, then was frozen and carried to Siberia on an ice flow.

Layers of the Earth Model

Based on the work of Sir Harold Jeffreys, Inge Lehamann, and Andriya Mohorovicic with seismic waves generated by earthquakes, the Earth is made of different layers with different densities that cause the waves to bend as they pass through the different layers. The liquid outer core blocks S waves because they can’t pass through liquids. The patterns of where the Earthquakes are felt on the opposite side of the Earth tell us that the Earth has different layers with different densities.

Name:__________________________ Per. ___ Date: ___ Integrated Science 7

Models of the Earth Analysis Questions

Edmond Halley’s Hollow Earth Model:

1. What evidence did Halley base his model on? What observations did he try to explain?

2. 
   What evidence does Halley’s model not explain? What are some things we know that don’t match his model?
   

Gardner and Euler’s Internal Sun Model:

1. 
   What evidence did Gardner bas his model on? What observations was he trying to explain?
   

2. 
   What evidence does Gardner’s model not explain? What are some things we know that don’t match his model?
   

Layers of the Earth Model:

1. 
   What evidence supports the idea that Earth has layers inside?
   

2. 
   What evidence are we missing that would make our model more complete?