Electrical industry of burma/myanmar



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Map references
Topographic map reference: Burma 1:250,000: Series U542, U.S. Army Map: NE 47-05: Toungoo

Thaukyaykhat creek dam, near Tonbo [18° 55' N, 96° 37' E], grid square reference: 9\9, 26\1



http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/burma/txu-oclc-6924198-ne47-5.jpg
A sketch map entitled ‘Toungoo (Taw Oo) District’ showing the location of the Thaukyegat-2 dam is available on the website of the Karen Human Rights Group (KHRG). http://www.khrg.org/maps/index.html The river is identified by its Karen name, ‘Day Loh Gkloh’ on the map and the dam site is shown near the village with the Karen name of Day Say Hta, just above the village of Tun Boh referred to in several of the news items below.
Compiler’s Note: References included with this main article now include most of the items previously included in Appendix 12 (ELHS034). Items now found in Appendix 12 are limited to references to the hydropower project known as Thaukyaykhat-1 on the upper part of the river in Thandaung township. As far as can be determined Thaukyaykhat-1 is still on the planning boards of EPM-1 and seems destined to stay there for the foreseeable future. .
Plans for a hydropower project on the Thaukyaykhat go back to the late 60s and early 70s. An interim report published jointly by Engineering Consultants, Inc of Denver, Colorado, and the Electric Power Corporation of Burma in Sept 1973 gave details. A bibliographical entry can be found in R. Lee Hadden, The Geology of Burma (Myanmar): An Annotated Bibliography of Burma’s Geology, Geography and Earth Science, 2008, p 100. http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA487552&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf

Additional references:
Project data Thaukyaykhat-2
NLM, 27/08/11. Condensed. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs11/NLM2011-08-28.pdf

Union Vice-President Tin Aung Myint Oo visited the Thaukyekhat-2 hydropower project on 26/08/11. According to the V-P. this is the first hydropower project in Myanmar to be implemented by the private sector under the B.O.T system. Permission will be granted to others in the private sector for similar projects in the future. During his visit, the V-P inspected construction of the spillway, power station, intake tunnel and main dam of the project. So far, 48.67pc of the total work on the project has been finished. The first phase is expected to begin generating power in October, 2012.


IRROL, 10/06/11. Edited and condensed. http://www.irrawaddy.org/article.php?art_id=21529

Eight RPG [rocket propelled grenade] mortar shells were launched at hydropower dam construction site on the Thawt Yin Kha [Thaukyekhat] river in Taungoo district, early on the morning of 19/06/11, according to local sources. No casualties have been reported but villagers near the river fled to safer areas after the attack. Some have already returned home while others remain in hiding. Chinese engineers and construction workers reportedly left the dam site after the attack. In April 2010, there was a bomb attack on the Thawt Yin Kha Dam construction site which injured four people. Sources believe that the attack was likely launched by the Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA). KNLA Brigade 2 troops are known to be active in Taungoo District.


NLM, 26/11/10. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs09/NLM2010-11-26.pdf

An agreement was signed by U Myint Zaw, D-G of the Hydropower Implementation Dept and an [unnamed] official of Shwe Swan-in Co Ltd for the supply of machinery and equipment for the Thaukyegat-2 hydropower project. [Compiler’s note: The Shwe Swan-in company referred to in this item would appear to be the Burmese name for the Golden Energy company referred to in other items. As far as can be determined, Golden Energy is a holding company formed by Asia World Co and an unnamed Chinese construction firm for the specific purposes of this project.]


Ko Tin Hlaing, NLM, 31/08/10. Edited and condensed.

http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs09/NLM2010-08-31.pdf

Thaukyaykhat-2 hydropower project-2 is located on Thaukyaykhat Creek about 14 miles east of Toungoo. It is part of the Sittoung basin development project. Experts of the UNDP and Myanmar engineers carried out a feasibility study in 1964. EPM-1 started work on the project in 2008. Inflow of water to the dam that is under construction is estimated at 3.39 million acre-feet annually. Generators with a capacity of 120 megawatts will be installed and are expected to produce 604 million kWh per year. The power plant will be connected [to the Toungoo sub-station] by a nine-mile-long 230-KV transmission line. The project involves building an approach road 8.6 miles long, 42 bridges and 144 buildings. More than 2000 white-collar and blue-collar workers are engaged. The project is currently 60pc complete and will be finished in 2012. [Photos by Ko Thant Zin in the print edition of NLM show the intake canal and sluice gate and the diversion tunnel. The diversion tunnel does not appear to be in use. Asia World Co and the Golden Energy Co are not mentioned in the article.]


Naw Noreen, DVB, 28/04/10. Edited and condensed.

http://www.dvb.no/news/karen-army-takes-blame-for-grenade-attack/8808

The Karen National Liberation Army (KNLA), has claimed responsibility for Tuesday’s grenade attack on the Thaukyegat hydropower project in eastern Burma. The attack on the project under construction by Burma's Asia World Co injured four workers. Saw Mae Ae Sein, commander of KNLA Brigade 2, said that an elite unit had been sent sent to the dam site to carry out the attack. He claimed that construction work at the dam site has led to militarisation of the surrounding area as Burmese army looks to secure swathes of land for the project. “There are concerns for the survival of the local people who are facing threats of shootings, oppression, forced labour, torture and forced relocation,” he said. KNLA troops launched rockets and fired heavy weapons at the dam site, while the Burmese army returned fire. The fight last for about an hour, Saw Mae Ae Sein said. “There were no casualties on our side but there were some on the government side, as well as some damage to their buildings.” Construction on Thaukyegat hydropower project began in 2003. Saw Mae Ae Sein said that around 30 villages and nearly 100,000 people will be impacted by the dam.


NLM, 30/03/10. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs08/NLM2010-03-30.pdf

PM Thein Sein inspects Thaukyaykhat-2 hydropower project about 14 miles east of Toungoo. He is briefed by EPM-1 Zaw Min and the [unnamed] chairman of Golden Energy Co Ltd with regard to ongoing tasks, strength of heavy machinery, and workforce. The dam at site will be rock-filled with a concrete tace. It will be 1253 feet long and 308 feet high. The power plant will have a generating capacity of 120 megawatts and will produce 604 million kilowatt hours a year. (Photos of the dam and project site are included in the print edition of NLM.)


NLM, 22/01/10. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs08/NLM2010-01-22.pdf

A contract for the supply of HSS, EM, machinery and services for Thaukyegat-2 hydropower project was signed between Hydropower Dept of the EPM-1 and China National Machinery & Equipment Import & Export Corporation (CNMEC) of the PRC in Nay Pyi Taw on on 20/01/10. Among those present was President Han Gang of CNMEC. [Compiler’s note: No explanation of the terms ‘HSS’ and ‘EM’ was provided in the news item. CNMEC was a major supplier of machinery and equipment to the Yeywa hydropower project. It’s not clear why CNMEC signed the contract for the equipment for the Thaukyegat-2 project with EPM-1 since the project is being undertaken by the Golden Energy Co, presumably formed by Asia World and an unnamed partner. Perhaps the Hydropower Dept is serving as a garantor for the project.]


NLM, 16/01/09. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs6/NLM2009-01-16.pdf

Maj-Gen Ko Ko of the MoD checks on work at the Thaukyaykhat-2 hydropower project, 14 miles east of Toungoo.


"Myanmar Country Report on Progress of Power Development Plans and Transmission Interconnection Projects", Fifith Meeting of Planning Working Group of the Regional Power Trade Coordination Committee, Greater Mekong Subregion (Ventiane, 17/06/08), Appendix 4, p 22. http://www.adb.org/Documents/Events/Mekong/Proceedings/PWG5-Appendix4.4.pdf

An MoU on the Thaukyegat-2 hydropower project (120 MW) was signed between the Ministry of Electric Power-1 and Asia World Company Ltd on 2nd May 2008.


NLM, 21/02/08. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/08nlm/n080221.htm

Construction of a diversion tunnel is underway at the Thaukyekhat-2 hydropower project on Thaukyekhat creek, 12 miles east of Toungoo.


Kyaw Thu, Myanmar Times, 26/11/07. http://www.mmtimes.com/no394/b005.htm

Two private Myanmar companies developing hydropower projects are planning to hire foreign consultant companies, said an energy expert close to one of the companies on 20/11/07. Asia World is slated to build the Thaukyegeat hydropower project in Bago division, which is expected to produce some 140 MW of electricity, while Olympic Construction will build the Baluchaung No 3 project in Kayah State. “The two companies have been running feasibility studies and preparing to submit a proposal to the Myanmar Investment Committee,” the expert said. However, he refused to say which company – or companies – Asia World is planning to hire, or to state the value of any such deal, although he did say what its role would be. “The foreign consultancy company will help us to draw-up a project design and monitor the overall construction,” he said.


Franco – ASEAN Seminar Myanmar Country Presentation, 06-07/09/07.

http://www.jgsee.kmutt.ac.th/seminar_programme/DAY%202/Country%20Report%202/Tin%20-%20Myanmar%20-%20Presentation.pdf

Thaukyegat dam and power station with a planned capacity of 140 MW is under implementation by the HPID. It is expected to generate 670 million kWh annually when it comes on line in 2011.


NLM, 24/09/06. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/06nlm/n060924.htm

At a SPIC meeting, EPM-1 Zaw Min reports that the 140-MW Thaukyaykhat-2 hydel power project will be built on Thaukyaykhat Creek near Htonbo Village, seven miles east of Toungoo in Bago division. The project will distribute electricity through the national grid. It will also protect the Sittoung basin from flooding and supply water to 50,000 acres of farmland in the Toungoo and Htantabin regions.


KHRG, Toungoo District: Update on the Dam on the Day Loh River, 30/05/06.

http://www.khrg.org/khrg2006/khrg06b5.html

The site of the dam on the lower Day Loh river (known in Burmese as the Thauk Yay Ka river) is at the western edge of the hills in Tantabin township of Toungoo district, just east of the plain surrounding Toungoo town. According to information gathered from local people by the Free Burma Rangers (FBR), four foreign engineers from "Japan and France" visited the site in 2002. In May 2005, six Japanese engineers visited Day Say Hta village in Tantabin township to oversee preparations for the construction of the dam and the 150-MW hydroelectric power plant. The arrival of the Japanese engineers in May 2005 probably accounts for the large force of military deployed in this relatively small area at the time. According to the website of the Ministry of Electric Power all of the preliminary studies performed for the project thus far have been conducted by Tokyo Electric Power Services Co. Ltd. (TEPSCO) of Japan. In January 2006 a number of the villages from the area around Tun Boh (just below the dam site) were reportedly issued orders to relocate to the Law Gha Inn relocation site, an area not too far from the dam site with scarce water resources, few trees, and poor soil which cannot support adequate crops. If not used to work directly on the dam and power plant itself, the villagers will almost certainly be ordered to work on related infrastructure projects, such as building and maintaining access roads to the dam site, building new army camps along those roads, and keeping them stocked with provisions by portering food and munitions for the soldiers based there. Since the beginning of 2006, the SPDC has already been ordering one villager per household from nearby villages to stand sentry at the dam site. Compiler’s Note: See the Toungoo (Taw Oo) district map: http://www.khrg.org/maps/2006maps/Toungoo2006b5.jpg


NLM, 12/05/06. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/06nlm/n060512.htm

Lt-Gen Khin Maung Than of the Ministry of Defence visits Thaukyekhat hydel power project in Htonebo village, 12 miles from Taungoo, where he is briefed by Director Tint Lwin of HPID's Construction Group 3 on work at the project site. He inspects sites chosen for building the dam and hydel power plant. When the Thaukyekhat hydel power station is completed it will produce 670 million kWh per year.


KHRG, Report on Toungoo district, 19/08/05. http://www.khrg.org/khrg2005/khrg05f7.html

The Burmese military junta plans to build a new dam and access road on the Thauk Yay Ka (Day Loh) river just upstream of its emergence from the hills into the plains to flow toward the Sittaung river. This dam will be downstream from Pa Leh Wah and just upstream from Tun Boh village in the Day Say Hta area (see map http://www.khrg.org/maps/2006maps/Toungoo2006b5.jpg Local people have been told the dam is part of 'development', but they say it will be bad for them because every time the military junta announces infrastructure projects they confiscate land belonging to the people, demand money and materials, and force civilians to do labour. Local civilians fear that they will be unable to refuse these demands because the SPDC will enforce them with guns. To assert its control in the area and secure it for dam and road construction, an extremely large column of 2,000 SPDC soldiers was sent into the area between Tun Boh and Pa Leh Wah in May 2005.. After patrolling for several days they returned to their bases, but from the beginning of June onwards columns from LIB 599 began constant patrols between Tun Boh and Pa Leh Wah. Access to the area is now extremely difficult, so KHRG researchers have been unable to get details on the direct effects of construction activites on local villagers thus far. Other battalions are stopping all vehicles travelling along the roads between this area and Toungoo town. In the areas of Thandaung township west of the Klay Loh river, the military is checking all traffic along the roads. Small outposts, each manned by five soldiers, have also been established at regular intervals along the railway line in the Sittaung River area.


NLM, 15/03/05. http://www.ibiblio.org/obl/docs2/NLM2005-03-15.pdf

On a visit to Pyu creek dam site, General Than Shwe is briefed on the Thaukyaykhat hydel power project and geological data of the Sittoung river basin. He gives guidance on implementing the Thaukyaykhat project.


Monywa Copper Mine Electric Power Plant Project by BOL Scheme, Engineering Consulting Firms Association -- Japan, [late 2004].

http://www.ecfa.or.jp/japanese/act-pf/H16/minkatsu_Myanmar_Eng.pdf [doc, p14, p16]

According to a long range plan for development of electric power facilities prepared in 2001 by the Planning Dept of the Ministry of Electric Power, three turbines of 50 MW each were to be installed at the Thaukyegat hydropower project which was expected to produce 780 million kWh annually. A preliminary study had been completed by TEPSCO of Japan. The project was estimated to cost US$ 180 million and was scheduled for completion in 2006.


NLM, 01/02/00. http://mission.itu.ch/MISSIONS/Myanmar/00nlm/n000301.htm

On a visit to Thandaunggyi, SPDC Secretary No 2 Tin Oo mentions that the Thaukyaykhat hydel power project is now under way.


KHRG, Peace Villages and Hiding Villages, 15/10/00. See the section: Forced labour on roads. http://www.khrg.org/khrg2000/khrg0005.html

Adding to the problems created by all the other road projects in Thandaung township, a new dam is to be built on the Day Loh River at Pa Leh Wah. village. Three Japanese engineers carried out surveys in the area earlier this year and villagers have been required to work on the project. The dam at Pa Leh Wah will almost certainly result in forced relocation without compensation of the villagers at the reservoir site.


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RURAL REPS QUESTION MINISTER OVER GRID CONNECTIONS

NLM, 25/08/11. Edited http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs11/NLM2011-08-25.pdf


At the regular session of the Amyotha Hluttaw in Nay Pyi Taw on 24/08/11, U Hla Swe of Constituency-12 of Magway Region asked when Gangaw, Htilin and Saw townships in western Magwe would be supplied with power from the national grid.
EPM-2 Khin Maung Soe replied that a 66-KV transmission line is underway which will connect the power station at Kyaw with Gangaw and Haka. He said that the Kyaw-Gangaw section is due to be completed in FY 2012-2013. Electric power is currently being supplied to Htilin using two department-owned diesel generators. Power from the national grid would have to distributed to Htilin through a 45-mile-long, 66-KV transmission line connected to the national grid at the Pauk power station. He said that power is being supplied to Saw with one department-owned diesel generator while another generator is kept as a spare. Power from the national grid could only be distributed to Saw through through 66-KV line connecting Pauk and Mindat with Saw.
In the same session of the Amyotha Hluttaw, U Manar Nai of Constituency-10 of Chin State asked whether there was any plan to supply electricity to Kanpetlet Township in the southeastern part of the state from hydropower projects currently under construction on the Manipur and Myittha rivers. He wanted to know the date when electricity would be supplied and whether government had any plans to supply power through small and medium-scale hydropower projects.
EPM-2 Khin Maung Soe replied that even though Chin State did not yet enjoy power from the national grid, it did have access to electricity through 11 electrical engineer offices in Kanpetlet, Haka, Falam, Tiddim, Tonzang, Thantalang, Kyikha, Reedhorda, Mindat, Matupi and Yezwa that make use of diesel generators and mini hydroelectric turbines. The minister said that a connection with the national grid is projected through the construction of the 30-mile long power line linking Kyaw and Gangaw that was started in FY 2011-2012. He added that 66-KV transmission lines would be built connecting Gangaw to Haka, Haka to Falam, Thaingngai, Kalay and Kalewa, Kalay to Tamu, Pauk to Mindat, Mindat to Matupi and related power stations. With the completion of the Myittha and Manipura hydropower projects, Chin State would be able to have better access to electric power. He noted that on completion of the Laymyo and Saidaing hydropower projects, power could be supplied to Paletwa of Chin State via Kyauktaw in Rakhine State, and that Kanpetlet of Chin State would be able get power from the national grid through Saw in Magway Region when the line connecting Pauk to Mindat and Matupi is put into operation.
U Htay Yei, who represents Constituency-7 in Kayah State asked whether there was any plan to supply electricity from the Lawpita hydropower plant to Shadaw and Meisei, the two remaining townships in Kayah without electricity, as well as Ywathit sub-township and Mawchi station and the estimated date of supply if there is any. EPM-2 Khin Maung Soe explained that five of the seven townships in Kayah State receive power through the Lawpita generators and that Shadaw and Meisei and Ywathit have diesel generators. He said that staff at the Mawchi mines operate a small hydropower project with generators capable of producing 280 kilowatts. Measures will be taken to connect the two remaining townships, as well as Ywathit and Mawchi to the grid.
Additional references
See below: Minister clarifies grid connection plans for Chin State (NLM: 22/03/11)

Rural reps raise electricity supply questions in parliament (NLM: 15/03/11)

‘Rural power services in Chin State’ (Appendix 10)

Grid Map 7: Long-term plan for transmission system in mid-2008
NLM, 01/10/11. Edited and condensed. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs12/NLM2011-10-01.pdf

During the session of the Pyithu Hluttaw on 30/09/11, U Yaw De Dwe of Putao constituency asked whether the government could supply electric power to Putao in Kachin State by building a small-scale power plant in Putao that would be cost-effective and time-saving. EPM-2 Khin Maung Soe replied that electric power was being supplied to Putao using two 100-kW generators in the Namtwan creek hydropower plant of EPM-2 and two 75-kW generators owned by the Bukha (Buga) company, and through 65-KVA diesel generators of EPM-2. Of the 10 wards in Putao, electric power was being supplied to eight wards alternately, but that electricity power could not yet be supplied to Htonelitu and Paina wards because they were far from Putao. The minister said that EPM-2 was going to construct a 11/0.4-KV, 100-KVA transformer and power cables in Hokhio ward, and an additional 11/0.4-KV, 160-KVA transformer and a 300-KVA generator in Lonesut and Layyingwin wards and was coordinating with the Bukha (Buga) Co to supply surplus electricity from their hydropower plants to Layyingwin and Lonesut wards. He said he had also learned that the A&IMinistry had conducted a survey at a point about one mile above the Namtwan hydropower plant, 10 miles from Putao, on the possibility of constructing a dam and generating hydroelectricity there. Still to be carried out were hydrological and geological surveys and for that state funds would have to be approved.


NLM, 28/09/11. Edited. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs12/NLM2011-09-28.pdf

At the session of the Amyotha Hluttaw (Nationalities Chamber) of the Parliament on 27/09/11, U Zone Hle Htan of Chin State Constituency-2 asked for a statement on power supply tasks for Haka, Falam, Tiddim, Matupi, Mindat, Paletwa and Kanpetlet townships [in Chin State]. EPM-2 Khin Maung Soe replied that Chin State had access to electric power through as 11 township electrical engineers offices in Haka, Falam, Tiddim, Tonzang, Htantalan, Kyikha, Reedhorda, Mindat, Matupi, Kanpetlet and Rawza townships where 23 generators that use 3640 gallons of oil per month are in operation. Now that Kyaw in western Magwe had access to the national grid, a 30-mile-long 66-KV power line and a power stations in Gangaw were under construction and further 66-KV lines frp, Gangaw to Haka (60 miles), from Haka to Falam, Thaingngin, Kalay and Kalewa (90 miles), and from Kalay to Tamu (70 miles), from Pauk to Mindat (35 miles), from Mindat to Matupi (110 miles) along with related power stations were in process. He said that eventually power lines connecting Tiddim, Tonzangng and Kyikah would be supplied with power from Thaingngin and that on completion of the Myittha, Manipura hydropower projects, a 230/66/11-KV, 100 MVA main power station would be put into operation in Gangaw that would connect with the national grid. Moreover, the Saidin hydropower project in Rakhine State would eventually supply electricity to Paletwa in southern Chin State through Kyauktaw and that Matupi would get electricity through by a line connecting it to Pauk and Mindat. Electric power would be supplied to Kanpetlet in Chin State through Saw of Magway Region.


NLM, 01/09/11. Edited and condensed. http://www.burmalibrary.org/docs11/NLM2011-09-01.pdf

At the session of the Amyotha Hluttaw in Nay Pyi Taw on 31/08/11, EPM-2 Khin Maung Soe replied to questions from two representatives concerning the supply of power from the national grid. U Win Thein of Pinlebu constituency asked whether there is a plan to supply electricity to Pinlebu or not. The Union Minister said that a Hino engine and two 150-KV dynamos of the department currently supply electricity to 530 customers in the town. The department uses 980 gallons of diesel monthly to generate electricity for two hours a day and collects 25 kyats per unit of electricity consumed. He said that Katha District where Pinlebu is located receives power from the the national grid through the 132/33/66.6 KV, 15 MVA sub-power station at Kyaukpahto. To supply electricity to Pinlebu from the national grid, would necessitate the construction of a 33-KV power line connecting to the 33-KV line between Kawlin and Wuntho. This extension would be about 35 miles long and would require setting up a 33/11-KV power station in Pinlebu. The estimated cost of cables and tower is approximately K 25 million per mile so the total cost for the whole line would be about K 875 million; while the estimated cost for a 33/11 KV power station would be about K 120 million, bringing the total cost of the project to about K 995 million. He said the government has approved a budget covering all the projects for power supply across the nation, and that Pinlebu would receive power in due course.


Daw Mi Myint Than from Ye constituency asked whether there is a plan to supply power to Ye by extending the power line that connects Thanbyuzayat to the national grid. U Khin Muang Soe said that there is a 66/33-KV, 20-MVA power station in Mawlamyine that receives power from the national grid and that Mudon and Thanbyuzayat are connected to Mawlamyine through a 40-mile-long, 33-KV line. Currently, a project is in progress to extend the 230-KV cable line up to Mawlamyine so that the whole of Mon State could receive improved power supply. This project includes setting up a 50.1-mile -long, 230-KV line between Thaton and Mawlamyine 230 KV, two cable lines passing across the Gyaing and Thanlwin rivers, and the erection of a 230/66/11KV (2x50=100 MVA) main power station in Mawlamyine. So far, the project is about 35pc complete. It is expected that the entire project will be finished in FY 2012-2013. Meanwhile, the power supply committee in Ye is working with four 300-KVA “coming” generators in Ye. The power charges there are collected under the supervision of local authorities and the committee. Ye is 97 miles from Mawlamyine and Dawei is 100 miles beyond Ye, so power could only be supplied to these two towns through high voltabe cable lines. Major projects of the Ministry include power supply to Ye and Dawei as well as Myeik in the future.
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