Density Density



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Density

  • Density

  • compares the mass of an object to its volume.

  • is the mass of a substance divided by its volume.

  • are measured in g/L for gases.

  • are measured in g/cm3 or g/mL for solids and liquids.

  • Density expression:







If a 0.258-g sample of HDL has a volume of 0.215 cm3,

  • If a 0.258-g sample of HDL has a volume of 0.215 cm3,

  • what is the density, in g/cm3, of the HDL sample?

  • Step 1 State the given and needed quantities.

  • Analyze the Problem.

  • Step 2 Write the density expression.



If a 0.258-g sample of HDL has a volume of 0.215 cm3,

  • If a 0.258-g sample of HDL has a volume of 0.215 cm3,

  • what is the density, in g/cm3, of the HDL sample?

  • Step 3 Express mass in grams and volume in

  • milliliters (mL) or cm3.

  • Step 4 Substitute mass and volume into the density

  • expression and calculate the density.



Osmium is a very dense metal. What is its density in g/cm3 if 50.0 g of osmium has a volume of 2.22 cm3?

  • Osmium is a very dense metal. What is its density in g/cm3 if 50.0 g of osmium has a volume of 2.22 cm3?

  • A. 2.25 g/cm3

  • B. 22.5 g/cm3

  • C. 111 g/cm3



Osmium is a very dense metal. What is its density in

  • Osmium is a very dense metal. What is its density in

  • g/cm3 if 50.0 g of osmium has a volume of 2.22 cm3.

  • Step 1 State the given and needed quantities.

  • Analyze the Problem

  • Step 2 Write the density expression.



Osmium is a very dense metal. What is its density in

  • Osmium is a very dense metal. What is its density in

  • g/cm3 if 50.0 g of osmium has a volume of 2.22 cm3.

  • Step 3 Express mass in grams and volume in cm3.

  • Step 4 Substitute into the density expression.



Volume displacement is

  • Volume displacement is

  • the volume of a solid

  • calculated from the volume

  • of water displaced when it

  • is submerged.



  • Measure the mass of the solid before submerging it in water to determine its volume.

  • The density of this zinc object is calculated from its mass and volume.



What is the density (g/cm3) of 48.0 g of a metal if the level of water in a graduated cylinder rises from 25.0 mL to 33.0 mL after the metal is added?

  • What is the density (g/cm3) of 48.0 g of a metal if the level of water in a graduated cylinder rises from 25.0 mL to 33.0 mL after the metal is added?

  • A. 0.17 g/cm3 B. 6.0 g/cm3 C. 380 g/cm3

  • 33.0 mL

  • 25.0 mL

  • object



What is the density (g/cm3) of 48.0 g of a metal if the level

  • What is the density (g/cm3) of 48.0 g of a metal if the level

  • of water in a graduated cylinder rises from 25.0 mL to 33.0

  • mL after the metal is added?

  • Step 1 State the given and needed quantities.

  • Analyze the Problem.

  • Step 2 Write the density expression.



What is the density (g/cm3) of 48.0 g of a metal if the level

  • What is the density (g/cm3) of 48.0 g of a metal if the level

  • of water in a graduated cylinder rises from 25.0 mL to 33.0

  • mL after the metal is added?

  • Step 3 Express mass in grams and volume in cm3.



What is the density (g/cm3) of 48.0 g of a metal if the level

  • What is the density (g/cm3) of 48.0 g of a metal if the level

  • of water in a graduated cylinder rises from 25.0 mL to 33.0

  • mL after the metal is added?

  • Step 4 Substitute mass and volume into density

  • expression.

  • Answer: B



Ice floats in water because the density of ice is less than

  • Ice floats in water because the density of ice is less than

  • the density of water.

  • Aluminum sinks in water because its density is greater

  • than the density of water.



  • Density can be written as a conversion factor.



  • Density can be used as a conversion factor.

  • A density of 3.8 g/mL, can be written as an equality,

  • or written as conversion factors.



If the density of milk is 1.04 g/mL, how many grams of

  • If the density of milk is 1.04 g/mL, how many grams of

  • milk are in 0.50 qt of milk?

  • Step 1 State the given and needed quantities.

  • Analyze the Problem.



If the density of milk is 1.04 g/mL, how many grams of

  • If the density of milk is 1.04 g/mL, how many grams of

  • milk are in 0.50 qt of milk?

  • Step 2 Write a plan to calculate needed quantity.

  • volume US–Metric density mass

  • factor factor

  • Step 3 Write equalities and conversion factors.



If the density of milk is 1.04 g/mL, how many grams of

  • If the density of milk is 1.04 g/mL, how many grams of

  • milk are in 0.50 qt of milk?

  • Step 4 Set up the problem to calculate the needed

  • quantity.



The density of octane, a component of gasoline, is 0.702 g/mL. What is the mass, in kg, of 875 mL of octane?

  • The density of octane, a component of gasoline, is 0.702 g/mL. What is the mass, in kg, of 875 mL of octane?

  • A. 0.614 kg

  • B. 614 kg

  • C. 1.25 kg



The density of octane, a component of gasoline, is

  • The density of octane, a component of gasoline, is

  • 0.702 g/mL. What is the mass, in kg, of 875 mL of octane?

  • Step 1 State the given and needed quantities.

  • Analyze the Problem



The density of octane, a component of gasoline, is 0.702 g/mL. What is the mass, in kg, of 875 mL of octane?

  • The density of octane, a component of gasoline, is 0.702 g/mL. What is the mass, in kg, of 875 mL of octane?

  • Step 2 Write a plan to convert the given unit to the

  • needed unit.



The density of octane, a component of gasoline, is 0.702

  • The density of octane, a component of gasoline, is 0.702

  • g/mL. What is the mass, in kg, of 875 mL of octane?

  • Step 3 State the equalities and conversion factors.



The density of octane, a component of gasoline, is 0.702

  • The density of octane, a component of gasoline, is 0.702

  • g/mL. What is the mass, in kg, of 875 mL of octane?

  • Step 4 Set up the problem to cancel units and

  • calculate the answer.

  • Answer: B



Specific Gravity (sp gr)

  • Specific Gravity (sp gr)

  • is the relationship between the density of a substance and the density of water.

  • is determined by dividing the density of the sample by the density of water.

  • is a unitless quantity.



Specific Gravity is measured by an instrument called

  • Specific Gravity is measured by an instrument called

  • a hydrometer.



Which of the following samples of metals will displace the greatest volume of water?

  • Which of the following samples of metals will displace the greatest volume of water?

  • A B C



The correct answer is A.

  • The correct answer is A.

  • Plan: Calculate the volume for each metal, and select the metal sample with the greatest volume.



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