Constitutional affairs legal affairs


partment C: Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs



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Policy Department C: Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs 
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28
11. Information to the public 
In case of any Distribution and/or Communication of the Work by means of electronic 
communication  by  You  (for  example,  by  offering  to  download  the  Work  from  a  remote 
location) the distribution channel or media (for example, a website) must at least provide 
to the public the information requested by the applicable law regarding the Licensor, the 
Licence and the way it may be accessible, concluded, stored and reproduced by the 
Licensee. 
 
12. Termination of the Licence 
The Licence and the rights granted hereunder will terminate automatically upon any breach 
by the Licensee of the terms of the Licence. 
Such a termination will not terminate the licences of any person who has received the Work 
from the Licensee under the Licence, provided such persons remain in full compliance with 
the Licence.  
 
13. Miscellaneous 
Without prejudice of Article 9 above, the Licence represents the complete agreement 
between the Parties as to the Work. 
If any provision of the Licence is invalid or unenforceable under applicable law, this will not 
affect the validity or enforceability of the Licence as a whole. Such provision will be 
construed and/or reformed so as necessary to make it valid and enforceable. 
The European Commission may publish other linguistic versions and/or new versions of this 
Licence and/or updated versions of the Appendix, so far this is required and reasonable, 
without reducing the scope of the rights granted by the Licence. New versions of the 
Licence will be published with a unique version number. 
All linguistic versions of this Licence, approved by the European Commission, have identical 
value. Parties can take advantage of the linguistic version of their choice. 
 
14. Jurisdiction 
Without prejudice to specific agreement between parties,  
-
 
any litigation resulting from the interpretation of this License, arising between the 
European 
Union institutions, bodies, offices or agencies
, as a Licensor, and any 
Licensee, will be subject to the jurisdiction of the Court of Justice of the European 
Union, as laid down in article 272 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European 
Union, 
-
 
any litigation arising between other parties and resulting from the interpretation of this 
License, will be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the competent court where the 
Licensor resides or conducts its primary business. 
 
15. Applicable Law 
Without prejudice to specific agreement between parties, 
-
 
this Licence shall be governed by the law of the European Union Member State where 
the Licensor has his seat, resides or has his registered office, 
-
 
this licence shall be governed by Belgian law if the Licensor has no seat, residence or 
registered office inside a European Union Member State.  
 
 


Workshop: Legal aspects of free and open source software 
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29
Appendix 
“Compatible Licences” according to Article 5 EUPL are: 
- GNU General Public License (GPL) v. 2, v. 3  
- GNU Affero General Public License (AGPL) v. 3  
- Open Software License (OSL) v. 2.1, v. 3.0 
- Eclipse Public License (EPL) v. 1.0 
- Cecill v. 2.0, v. 2.1 
-
 
Mozilla Public Licence (MPL) v. 2 
-
 
GNU Lesser General Public Licence (LGPL) v. 2.1, v. 3 
-
 
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike v. 3.0 Unported (CC BY-
SA 3.0) for works other than software 
-
 
European Union Public Licence (EUPL), any version as from v. 1.1  
 
The European Commission may: 
-
 
update this Appendix to later versions of the above licences without producing a new 
version of the EUPL. 
-
 
extend this Appendix to new licences providing the rights granted in Article 2 of this 
Licence and protecting the covered Source Code from exclusive appropriation. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Policy Department C: Citizens' Rights and Constitutional Affairs 
____________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 
30
A discussion of the different software licensing regimes 
Avv. Carlo Piana, Lawyer 
 
 
ABSTRACT 
Free Software, or Open Source Software, is ubiquitous. Having a minority share in 
consumer Personal Computer software, it has the lion's share in virtually all other markets 
like smartphones, Internet appliances, and cloud services. This work provides an outline of 
the legal aspects of Free Software, explaining how this licensing model can prosper while 
subverting a legal environment conceived to achieve its opposite. It also outlines how 
different legislations can be detrimental to it (mainly, by extending patent protection to 
software).
 
 
CONTENT
 
 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 
30
 
1.
 
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND 
32
 
2.
 
COYPRIGHT, COPYLEFT, COPY-WHAT? A NEW FAMILY OF LICENSES  35
 
3.
 
SAME LICENSE, MANY “BUSINESS MODELS” 
39
 
4.
 
ARE FREE SOFTWARE LICENSES VALID? WHAT MAKES THEM 
ENFORCEABLE? 42
 
5.
 
INTERACTION WITH OTHER “IP” RIGHTS 
44
 
6.
 
THE CLOUD 
47
 
REFERENCES 
49
 
 
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 
Free Software,
38
  also  known,  or  perhaps  best  known,  as  “Open  Source  Software”,  is  any 
kind of Software that, by being distributed under a Free Software License, benefits from 
the Four Freedoms: 
Freedom #0 to use the software for any purpose; 
Freedom #1 to study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as 
you wish (Access to the source code is a precondition for this);  
Freedom #2 to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbour;  
                                                 
38 “Free” in “Free Software” has meaning as in “Freedom of speech”, it does not relate to price (as in “Free 
Beer”), rather on being unrestricted. This is why, to avoid the ambiguity that the word “free” has in current 
English, it is frequently referred to as Free/Libre Software. “Open Source”, conversely, is a more common way 
(although more recently coined) of referring to Free Software. Sometimes these naming conventions are mixed 
together, such as in “Free and Open Source Software” (FOSS) or even “Free/Libre and Open Source Software” 
(FLOSS). I use Free Software in the remainder of this work. 


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