As title states…



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As title states…

  • As title states…

  • Morphology of landforms in three monogenic volcanic fields in western New Mexico

  • Specifically, the morphology of… Maar craters Tuff rings Cinder cones

  • and modification of these forms

  • Located in …

  • Red Hill-Quemado Volcanic Field Bandera Volcanic Field Mt. Taylor-Mesa Chivato Volcanic Field





Maar craters are formed when magma encounters groundwater. The resultant venting to the surface excavates a bowl-shaped pit surrounded by a tuff ring that resembles a meteorite crater.

  • Maar craters are formed when magma encounters groundwater. The resultant venting to the surface excavates a bowl-shaped pit surrounded by a tuff ring that resembles a meteorite crater.

  • The term maar comes from a Franconian dialect for lake derived from the Latin “mare” (sea).

  • In the type locality—the Efiel Region of Germany— the craters extend below the water table and are occupied by lakes.

  • Maar craters range in size from a few hundred meters to several kilometers in diameter.

  • Their eruptive history consists of repeated venting over a period of weeks or months.



Volcanic morphometry with attention to craters and their modification by later eruption or erosion

  • Volcanic morphometry with attention to craters and their modification by later eruption or erosion

  • Early ejecta as sampling of subjacent rock materials

  • Application to Martain volcanic craters.



The earliest ejecta in maar craters provide a sampling of subjacent strata.

  • The earliest ejecta in maar craters provide a sampling of subjacent strata.

  • At some localities the ejecta incudes mantle xenoliths.













































  • Magma and ground-water interaction

  • Duration of activity

    • Accidental ejecta
    • Pyroclastic
    • Lava
  • Resistance of country rock

    • Slumping during eruptive phase
    • Degradation following eruption














Earliest maar ejecta provides a sample of substrate materials.

  • Earliest maar ejecta provides a sample of substrate materials.

  • Those early materials may be preserved in a variety for subsequent volcanic structures.

  • Someday…maar craters and their variants will be important sites to visit on Mars.



Jayne C. Aubele

  • Jayne C. Aubele

  • Larry S. Crumpler

  • A. W. Laughlin

  • P. W. Lipman

  • C. Maxwell

  • And many others





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