A respected scholar of the Bible. A respected scholar of the Bible

A respected scholar of the Bible.

• A respected scholar of the Bible.

• He created a chronology of human and Earth history in which he determined that the Earth was only a few thousand years old.

• He thought that the earth was created in 4004 B.C.

• His thoughts were widely accepted among scientific and religious leaders of the day, and was even printed in the margins of the Bible.

Ortelius, a Dutch cartographer and publisher, was the author of the first modern atlas.

• Ortelius, a Dutch cartographer and publisher, was the author of the first modern atlas.

• 1596 - Abraham Ortelius suggested that the continents had been displaced from their previous positions. 'Ortelius suggested that the Americas were "torn away from Europe and Africa”.

Nicolaus Steno, a Danish anatomist, geologist, and priest observed the changes in a sequence of rock layers while working in the mountains of Italy.

• Nicolaus Steno, a Danish anatomist, geologist, and priest observed the changes in a sequence of rock layers while working in the mountains of Italy.

• Steno's observations became known as the Law of Superposition (1669) which simply stated that in a sequence of sedimentary rock layers, each layer of rock is older than the layer above it and younger than the rock layer below it.

Scottish scientist James Hutton, called the father of modern geology, began to try to figure out the Earth's age from rock layers.

• Scottish scientist James Hutton, called the father of modern geology, began to try to figure out the Earth's age from rock layers.

• He studied and tested local rock layers in an attempt to calculate time with respect to erosion, weathering, and sedimentation.

• In the late 1785, Hutton published his Theory of the Earth. He put forth the fundamental principle that is a pillar of geology: Uniformitarianism- which states that the processes that operate today have also operated in the geologic past.

Lyell was credited for advancing the basic principles of modern geology.

• Lyell was credited for advancing the basic principles of modern geology.

• Between 1830 and 1872, he produced 11 editions of his, Principles of Geology.

• Although the doctrine of uniformitarianism did not originate with him, he was most successful in interpreting and publicizing it for society at large.

In 1915, a Bavarian scientist named Alfred Wegener (later referred to as the "Father of Plate Tectonics") noticed, while working near the North Pole, that his compass needle did not point to where north "should" have been. In other words, true north and magnetic north were in two separate localities. Wegener theorized that the poles (both North and South) were "wandering" with time. He called this "Polar Wandering".

• In 1915, a Bavarian scientist named Alfred Wegener (later referred to as the "Father of Plate Tectonics") noticed, while working near the North Pole, that his compass needle did not point to where north "should" have been. In other words, true north and magnetic north were in two separate localities. Wegener theorized that the poles (both North and South) were "wandering" with time. He called this "Polar Wandering".